美國文學(xué)Ezra Pound.ppt

1、Ezra Pound,（1885-1972）,Chronology,born in Hailey, Idaho family moved to Philadelphia family settled into their long-term residence in Pennsylvania Pound enrolled in Wyncote Public School Pound transfers to Cheltenham Military Academy,Chronology,Aunt Frank Weston takes Pound and his mother to Europe，

2、visiting Gilbralter, Tunisia and Venice, later recalled in the Cantos. Enters University of Pennsylvania where in his second year he meets William Carlos Williams，a medical student. Also meets Hilda Doolittle (H.D.) whose father teaches astronomy at the university. With H.D., founds the new Imagist

3、school.,Chronology,Works as Yeats secretary for the first of three winters at Stone Cottage. marries Dorothy Shakespear and moves to Kensington. With Wyndham Lewis develops the Vorticist movement. In Paris, meets the American-born concert violinist Olga Rudge, who is now mainly remembered as Pounds

4、long-term mistress, by whom she had a daughter, Mary.,Chronology,meets Mussolini in Rome. Mussolini declares war and invades Abyssinia (referred to the Ethiopian Empire that consisted of modern Ethiopia and Eritrea). Begins regular radio broadcasts on shortwave from Rome to America and to American t

5、roops in support, he claims, of the US Constitution. They are highly critical of Roosevelt and the war effort, as well as antisemitic (hostility to or prejudice against Jews).,Imagism,Imagism was a poetic vogue that flourished in England, and even more vigorously in America, between the years 1912 a

6、nd 1917. It was planned and exemplified by a group of English and American writers in London, partly under the influence of the poetic theory of T.E. Hulme, as a revolt against what Ezra Pound called the “rather blurry, messy sentimentalistic mannerish” poetry at the turn of the century. (Cf. Survey

7、, 159),Olga Rudge (1895 1996),Though talented as a violinist, her considerable talents and reputation were eventually eclipsed by those of her lover, in whose shade she appeared content to remain.,Olga Rudge, circus 1915,“A Pact”,The famous opening carries over the note of specious exasperation from

8、 1909. But the poem makes an interesting and unanticipated tonal shift.,“A Pact”,The breaking of the “new wood ” must be referred to the revolution that is Whitmans prosody (the patterns of rhythm). “Pigheadedness” stands for Whitmans lack of refinement, whereas Pound is “a Walt Whitman who has lear

9、ned to wear a collar and a dress shirt”.,長干行李白,妾發(fā)初覆額， 折花門前劇。 郎騎竹馬來， 繞床弄青梅。 同居長干里， 兩小無嫌猜。 十四為君婦， 羞顏未嘗開。 低頭向暗壁， 千喚不一回。,【長干】古金陵里 巷名 【劇】游戲,長干行（續(xù)）,十五始展眉， 愿同塵與灰。 常存抱柱信， 豈上望夫臺(tái)。 十六君遠(yuǎn)行， 瞿塘滟滪堆。,【抱柱】莊子雜篇盜跖“尾生與女子期于梁下，女子不來，水至不去，抱梁柱而死”,長干行（續(xù)）,五月不可觸， 猿聲天上哀。門前遲行跡， 一一生綠苔。苔深不能掃， 落葉秋風(fēng)早。,長干行（續(xù)）,八月蝴蝶黃， 雙飛西園草。 感此傷妾心， 坐愁紅

10、顏老。 早晚下三巴， 預(yù)將書報(bào)家。 相迎不道遠(yuǎn)， 直至長風(fēng)沙。,【三巴】巴東、巴郡、 巴西 【長風(fēng)沙】在今安徽安慶東長江邊上,Hugh Selwyn Mauberley I,“Ezra Pounds Ode on the Choice of His Tomb”; in sections I and II, Pound writes about himself as he feels he must have appeared to the London literary world of the first decades of the century: wrong-headed, obsti

11、nate, a literary failure“Wrong from the start-” Pound ironically regarded as a kind of poetic Luther Burbank (the expert on plants), but a Burbank silly enough to believe that he could breed lilies from acrons a prince in the Greek myth of the Seven again Thebes, regarded a type of arrogance and ove

12、rweening pride,Hugh Selwyn Mauberley I,from the Odyssey: “for we know all the things that (are) in Troy,” a fragment of the song of the Sirens who tried to tempt the vessel of Odysseus (Ulysses) onto the rocks; Odysseus, returning from Troy, was trying to get home to Ithaca and his faithful wife, Pe

13、nelope; Pound is also a voyager, but his goal is Gustave Flaubert, the great nineteenth-century French novelist; Flaubert stood for perfection in his art, but he also insisted on exposing the shams of the age in which he lived an enchantress who also tried to detain Odysseus sun-dials: such mottoes

14、usually urge the view that time passes and one mustnt waste it.,The Cantos, long fluid body of poetry by Ezra Pound.,Begun with the publication of the first three segments in Quia Pauper Amavi (1919), the work occupied Pound for most of the rest of his life.,The Cantos,The writing begun in 1915 was

15、finally collected in The Cantos of Ezra Pound (1970), but the work was not brought to any conclusion and simply trails off with fragments of Cantos 110 to 117.,The Cantos,Not only are subjects and language very varied, but the elliptical style ranges from laconic and esoteric juxtaposition to length

16、y allusive associations.,The Cantos,The Cantos reveals relationships which apparently are meant to evaluate history by comparison, and to present a morality for the individual based on Confusian thought and one for society depending upon the ostensibly humanitarian use of state controlled credit and

17、 money.,Imagism,was a poetic vogue that flourished in England, and even more vigorously in America, between the years 1912 and 1917. It was planned and exemplified by a group of English and American writers in London, partly under the influence of the poetic theory of T.E. Hulme, as a revolt against

18、 what Ezra Pound called the “rather blurry, messy sentimentalistic mannerish” poetry at the turn of the century.,Imagism,Pound, the first leader of the movement, was soon succeeded by Amy Lowell. The imagist proposals, as voiced by Amy Lowell, were for a poetry which, abandoning conventional poetic materials and versification, is free to choose any subject and to create its own rhythms, uses common speech, and presents an image or vivid sensory description that is hard, clear, and concentrated.,Imagism,The typical Imagist poem is written in free verse and undertakes to render as pre