虛擬語氣課件(PPT).ppt

1、Book 6 Module 5,subjuctive mood,2015.12,Would you mind if I opened the door?,I wish I had not done that.,語氣,英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來表示。,虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式， 一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(常用在條件狀語從句中或讓步狀語從句中)； 一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等 (常用在名詞性從句中)。 簡言之，即：不是事實(shí)或不大可能發(fā)生的事情

2、，就用虛擬語氣來表述,虛擬語氣的概念,用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,1.He suggested we _(start) off early the next day. 2.Its high time you _ (go) there. 3.She made the demand that she _ (leave) at once. 4.How I wish I _(be) a bird and could fly freely in the sky! 5.I would rather you _ (pay) me now. 6.We insisted they _ (not be) prese

3、nt at such meeting. 7.If only I _ (have) an apartment of my own now! 8.John pretends as if he _ (not know) the thing at all, but in fact he knows it well.,should start,went / should go,should leave,were,paid,should not be,had,did not know,1. should + 動詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu),表示命令、要求、建議等意義的詞有關(guān)的名詞性從句要使用虛擬語氣，即從句中的動詞使用s

4、hould + 動詞原形，或者將should省略。 常見動詞： 一個堅(jiān)持：insist； 兩個命令：order, command 三個建議：advise, suggest, propose 四個要求：demand , require, request, ask,ExerciseHer pale face suggested that she should be ill. So I suggested that she should be sent to the hospital, but she insisted that she should not be ill.,_,was,_,was

5、not,注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建議 或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時，即它們用于其本意暗示、表明、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。,2.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法,1）wish /If only + 從句,現(xiàn)在： 過去： 未來：,would/could/might+V.,2）as if /though +從句,過去完成時,過去時,現(xiàn)在： 過去：,過去時 (did/were),過去完成時 (had done),3）would rather that -,現(xiàn)在/未來: 過去：,過去時,過去完成時,4)Its high time +that -,should +V.,過去時,5)Wou

6、ld you mind if -,過去時,a. if真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用陳述語氣。,b. if虛擬條件句 表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用虛擬語氣。,If we have chances, we can have further cooperation.,If I have another chance, I will visit China again.,if真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語氣,假設(shè)的情況很有可能發(fā)生,其中if是“如果”的意思,if條件從句 一般現(xiàn)在時,主句 will shall+動詞原形 情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形,What will you do if

7、 it rains tomorrow?,I will sleep at home if it rains tomorrow.,if虛擬條件句 表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用虛擬語氣。,if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句,與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,與過去事實(shí)相反,與將來事實(shí)可能相反,If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (別墅) for my parents.,與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the students g

8、et up a little later to get a better sleep.,與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,?,在此處插入圖片,if虛擬條件句,動詞的過去式 （be動詞一般用were),would ( should / might / could )動詞原形,1. If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (別墅) for my parents. 2. If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the students get up a l

9、ittle later to get a better sleep.,If the young man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.,與過去事實(shí)相反,If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.,與過去事實(shí)相反,If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train

10、.,與過去事實(shí)相反,if虛擬條件句,had +動詞的過去分詞,1. If the yong man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009. If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years. 3. If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train.,would ( shoul

11、d / might / could )have done,If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, ,與將來事實(shí)相反,if虛擬條件句,1、動詞過去式 2、were to+ 動詞原形 3、should +動詞原形,would ( should / might / could )動詞原形,If I met / were to meet / should meet Obama some day, I

12、would shake hands with him.,總結(jié)：if虛擬條件句,1、動詞過去式 2、were to+ 動詞原形 3、should +動詞原形,動詞的過去式 （be動詞一般用were),would ( should / might / could ) 動詞原形,had +動詞的過去分詞,would ( should / might / could )have done,would ( should / might / could ) 動詞原形,（4+1）,Exercises,1.If everyone _ (know) first aid, many lives would be

13、saved. 2.If I had taken money with me yesterday, I _(repair) my watch . 3.If you_ (come) tomorrow, I would go fishing with you.,knew,would have repaired,came/should come/were to come,1. If my father _ here now, he _ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; will C. had been; would D. is; will 2. Yo

14、u didnt let me drive. If we_ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt get B. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get,Exercise,A,B,3. If it _ rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 4.-Would you have ca

15、lled her up _ possible then? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would be,B,A,Exercise 5. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _. A. hadnt B. h

16、avent C. didnt D. dont 6.You didnt take my advice, so you failed in the exam. （改為虛擬語氣）,A,If you had taken my advice ,you wouldnt have failed in the exam.,7. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955，the housing problems now in some parts of this country _ so serious. A. would

17、nt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been,Exercise,now,in 1955,A,1. 錯綜時間條件句,1、If+主語+動詞過去式 2、If+主語+were to+ 動詞原形 3、If+主語+should +動詞原形,If+主語+ 動詞的過去式 （be動詞一般用were),主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞原形,即：If+一般過去時態(tài) （be動詞一般用were),If+主語+had +動詞的過去分詞,即：If+過去完成時態(tài),主語 + would (

18、 should / might / could )have done,主語+would ( should / might / could )動詞原形,錯綜時間條件句,錯綜時間條件句,（4+1）,錯綜時間虛擬條件句 即：if虛擬條件句與主句的時間不一致。 1).If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你當(dāng)時聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。 （ 從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。） 3).If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have boug

19、ht the new house and I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借錢給我，我不可能買下這幢新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。 （從句說明過去，主句說明過去和現(xiàn)在。）,Exercises 1.If you (ask)Tom yesterday, you_(know) what to do now. 2.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love with the library in my hometown at

20、 the age of seven. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 3.He would be a good sportsman now if he trained regularly.(改錯）,had asked,would know,B,had,1.What does the women think happen? A. That the man will not be able to sleep B. That someone will enter the back door

21、 while the man is sleeping C. That the lock on the door will break 2.What is the problem? A.The man cant drive. B. The party is over. C. They are lost.,B,C,Listening,text 1 W: If I were you, Id be more careful about locking the back door at night. M:Dont worry,no one will break in. text 2 W: If you

22、had listened to me, wed be at the party .Move over. Ill drive. M:I was sure I knew the way there.Ill turn around.,閱讀理解,The soldiers had been marching（行走） up and down in the square for an hour while their officer shouted orders,and they were all tired,hot and unhappy. They were marching towards a big

23、 building when they suddenly realized that the officer had not left himself enough time to give the order to turn round or to stop,so they were going to match straight into the wall. The soldiers smiled happily as each of those in the front line decided at the same time to walk straight ahead. There was aloud noise as they hit the wall one after another. But before any of them had time to smile again,the officer shouted,If you men had been in a really straight line,I would have heard only one sound when you hit the wall.,1. T