八年級(jí)下I will help clean up the city parks課件B部分.ppt

1、Ill help clean up the city parks,Unit 2,Section B,Section B,Explanation for Section B,1.run out of = use up “用完”、“賣光”。句子的主語(yǔ)是人或使用的物。注意不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 I am running out of my money.= My money is running out of. We are running out of the gas. = Our car is running out of the gas.,2. I take after my mother. tak

2、e after look like ,be similar to 3. I fixed it up. fix up = repair(修理）； 4. give away 贈(zèng)送 5. call up = ring up;give sb. a ring.;phone sb. 6. hand out(散發(fā)）; hand in(上繳）； hand around/round(傳遞）,7 .work out (結(jié)果、結(jié)果是） The idea works out well. 那個(gè)注意的實(shí)施結(jié)果很好。 另外還有“解答出、計(jì)算出”的意思。 Can you work out the answer to this

3、 question? See if you can work out this bill.,PAIRWORK,A:What do you do, Jimmy? B:I fix up bikes and give them away.,1e,Reading,Reading Dear Miss Li, Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. You helped to ma

4、ke it possible for me to have Lucky. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Let me tell you my story.,set up 建立。you know the organization which is set up to protect the environment?你知道這個(gè)為保 護(hù)環(huán)境而建立的機(jī)構(gòu)嗎？,4. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒” （狗名）。 此句中 make it poss

5、ible for someone to do something是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示 “使 得某人有可能做某事” 。在這個(gè)句型中，it僅是一個(gè)形式上的賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to do something ,又如：,2 make it possible for sb. to do sth. “使得某人有可能” Your help makes it possible for him to succeed.,（1）make賓語(yǔ)名詞， “使”。 We made him monitor.,（2）make賓語(yǔ)形容詞， “使” His words made me happy.,（3）make賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形，“讓做

6、” He made me work ten hours a day.,又如： Mr. Green makes it possible for us to learn English easily and in an interesting way in his class.格林先生使我們能夠在他的課堂上通過(guò)有趣的方式輕松地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 Computer technology makes it possible for many people to work at home. 電腦技術(shù)使得許多人在家便可辦公。,I cant use my arms or legs well, so normal t

7、hings like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or carrying things are difficult for me. Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. She also thought a dog might cheer me up. I love animals and I was exci

8、ted about the idea of having a dog.,help ( sb. ) out 幫助（某 人).解決困難/難題；幫助（某人） 擺脫困境。cant work out the math problem. Can you help me out?這道數(shù)學(xué)題我算不出 來(lái)，你能幫幫我嗎？,5. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. 她與“動(dòng)物幫手” 組織聯(lián)系，試圖給我找一只經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練的狗。 此處Animal Helpers大寫(xiě)首字母，為專有名詞，指“動(dòng)物幫手” 這一組織。若小寫(xiě)

9、， an animal helper則可指一只給人提供某種幫助的動(dòng)物。,例如： In my life, I see different animals used as animal helpers. We have, for example, dog helpers, monkey helpers, elephant helpers and soon . 在我一生中，見(jiàn)到過(guò)不同的動(dòng)物用作動(dòng)物幫手。例如，我們有狗狗幫手、猴子幫手、大象幫手等等。,After six months of training with a dog at Animal Helpers, I was able to bri

10、ng him home. My dogs name is Lucky a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. You see, Im only able to have a “dog helper” because of your kindness!,becauseof因?yàn)?，由于。?后可接名詞或代詞，不可接句子， 在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。The teachers have stopped working 因?yàn)榱T工， 老師們停止了上課。延伸 because conj.因?yàn)?，由于。它?從屬連詞，通常引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從 句。Ja

11、ck has not come because he was ill.,Lucky is very clever and understands many English words. He can understand me when I give him orders. For example, I say, “Lucky! Get my book，and he does it at once. Lucky is a fantastic dog. Ill send you a photo of him if you like, and I could show you how he hel

12、ps me. Thank you again for changing my life. Best wishes, Ben Smith,at once立即；馬上。它通 常在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，同義短語(yǔ) 為 right away I11 do my homework at once.我馬上就做家 庭作業(yè)。延伸 once for all 一勞 永逸；once upon a time 從前。 change v.改變。 What he said made me change my mind他說(shuō)的話讓我改變了主意。 延伸 change w. a)變化；改變。 它為可數(shù)名詞。A great change ha

13、s taken place in this city.這座城市發(fā)生了巨大的變 化。b)零錢。它為不可數(shù)名詞。 Dont forget your change.另i 忘 了找給你的零錢,What would it be like to be blind or deaf? Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily. Most people would never think about this, but many people have these difficulties.,1.In what other ways do you thi

14、nk dogs are able to help people?(guide dog;watchdog) 2.What other animals can we train to help people?(elephants;dolphins),2e,Discuss the questions with a partner.,Working in an old peoples home Helping kids in an after-school program Being a guide at a museum,3a,Look at these kinds of volunteer wor

15、k.Can you add more?What would you like to do? Discuss it with a partner.,Write a letter or e-mail to the placeyou want to volunteer at.,Dear Sir of Madam, _ _ _ _ _ Yours truly, _,3b,Self Check,Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verbs or infinitives,Last week, Jimmy, the Bike Boy_of mon

16、ey_ old bikes.He was unhappy； so everyone was trying_ him up. He_ some signs asking for old bikes and_all his friends on the phone_ them about the problem. He even_notices at the supermarket. Then he told the teachers at school about his problem and they_a call-in center for parents. The ideas that

17、he_with worked out fine. He now has 16 bikes_up and_to children who dont have bikes.,ran out,to buy,to cheer,put up,called up,to tell,handed out,set up,came up,to fix,gave away,12. He put up some signs asking for old bikes and called up all his friends and told them about the problem.,ask for (1)要求

18、She asked for some water.她要了些水。 （2）向請(qǐng)求 If you are in trouble,you can ask the policeman for help.如果你有困難，你可以向警察求助。,call up 意為“打電話，打電話給”。如： He called up his friends and told the story.他給朋友打電話，并告之整個(gè)事情。 【拓展】,有關(guān)“打電話”的說(shuō)法： （1）make a telephone call打電話 Hes making a telephone call.他正在打電話。 （2）give sb. a call 給某

19、人打電話 When you get there,please give me a call.你到那時(shí)，請(qǐng)給我打個(gè)電話。 （3）ring sb.給某人打電話 I rang you ,but you were out.我給你打電話，但你出去了。,Exercises,He helps _ the classroom. A.cleans up B. cleaning up C. clean up 2. I took her to the concert to _. A. cheer up her B. cheer her up C. cheer she up 3.The boss put off _

20、the workers wages. A. to give out B. give up C. giving out,C,B,C,1.The man established a factory in our village last year. = The man _ _ a factory in our village last year. 2. We need to think up some ideas . = We need to _ _ _ some ideas 3.He phoned me and asked me to go there. = He _ _ _ and asked

21、 me to go there,set up,come up with,called/,rang,me up,to set up a shop,arent supposed to hand out,1. 我準(zhǔn)備領(lǐng)他去看電影, 以便他會(huì)高興起來(lái)。 I am going to _ him _the cinema _ _ _ _. 2. 這些詞都很重要，請(qǐng)把它們記下來(lái)。 These words are all very important. _ _ _, please! 3. 你知道誰(shuí)在校門口分發(fā)廣告了嗎？ Do you know who _ _ _at the school gate?,根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完

22、成句子。,to cheer him up,Write them down,take,to,handed out,advertisements,4.他們的老師不但會(huì)講英語(yǔ)，而且還會(huì)講日語(yǔ)。 Their teacher can speak _ _ English _ _Japanese. 5.沒(méi)人想買這些大衣，甚至白送也不要。 No one wants to buy these coats. You cant even _ _ _. 6.他想盡力通過(guò)這次考試，因此他學(xué)習(xí)更加努力。 He _ _ _ _ _, so he works harder.,not only,but also,give th

23、em away,tries to pass the exam,Hands up !/,Put up your hand.,put off till tomorrow,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),Phrasal verb,1.定義: 動(dòng)詞之后加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ),表達(dá)一種特定的含義;如果被拆開(kāi)則不能表達(dá)這種特定的含義.,2.分類: 及物的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須接賓語(yǔ), 不及物的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則不需接賓語(yǔ).,Grammar,1. 及物短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所帶賓語(yǔ)的位置: 名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),對(duì)于“動(dòng)詞+副詞”的短 語(yǔ)、名詞既可以放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后,也 可以放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中間. 對(duì)于 “動(dòng)詞 + 介詞” 的短語(yǔ), 名詞放在介詞之后.,(2) 代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)

24、,對(duì)于“動(dòng)詞+副詞” 的短語(yǔ), 代詞放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的中間,對(duì)于“動(dòng)詞+ 介詞” 的短語(yǔ),代詞放在介詞之后.,一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1. Clean-Up Day 清潔日 2. an old peoples home 養(yǎng)老院 3. help out with sth. 幫助解決困難 4. used to 曾經(jīng) 過(guò)去_ 5. care for 關(guān)心;照顧 6. the look of joy 快樂(lè)的表情 7. at the age of 在.歲時(shí) 8.clean up 打掃(或清除)干凈 9. cheer up (使)變得更高興;振雀 10. give out 分發(fā);散發(fā),11. come up with

25、想出；提出 12. make a plan 制訂計(jì)劃 13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out 試用;試行 15. work for 為工作；為. 效力 16. put up 建造;舉起;張貼 17. hand out 分發(fā);散發(fā);發(fā)給 18. call up 打電話;召集 19. put off 推遲;延遲 20. for example 比如；例如,22. take after 與.相像;像 23. give away 贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng) 24. fix up 修理;修補(bǔ);解決 25. be similar to 與相似 26. set up 建立;設(shè)立 27

26、. disabled people 殘疾人 28. make a difference 影響;有作用 29. be able to 能夠 30. after-school reading program課外閱讀項(xiàng)目,二、重點(diǎn)句型 1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 這個(gè)男孩可以在食品救濟(jì)站分發(fā)食物。 2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時(shí)間。 3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morni

27、ng. 每周六上午，他都在一家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。,4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她決定去參加一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。 5. . . . you can see in th e ir eyes that they re going on a different journey w ith each new book. 從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進(jìn)行每 本不同的新書(shū)之旅。,6. I want to put off my plan to work

28、 in an animal hospital until next summer. 我想把我在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院工作的計(jì)劃推遲到明年夏天。 7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。 8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒”。,Nouns: money, animal, helpers, people lucky, o

29、rganization Pronouns: I ,you, it, my, who, that Verbs: like, thank, send, set (up), fill Adjectives: disabled, blind, deaf, normal Adverbs: easily, well, last year, at once Prepositions: for, with, of Conjunctions: but, and, because, or Exclamations: You see, Lucky!,Grammar,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列課件,中考考點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

30、can, must, need, may等的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法。,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,考點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，表示“可能”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”、“必要”等含義，但其本身詞義不完全，不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，必須和動(dòng)詞原形連用。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其否定形式一般是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not (have to除外)，其疑問(wèn)形式是將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語(yǔ)前。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有：can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)。 1can和could的用法 can(could)表示“能力”

31、、“許可”、“可能性”等。could 為 can 的過(guò)去式。表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，could比can更婉轉(zhuǎn)。如： Can I use your bike？我可以用你的自行車嗎？,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,注意 can 和could 只能用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)，將來(lái)時(shí)中用 be able to。另外 cant 可表示否定推測(cè)。如： That _ be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. can C. cant D. need,C,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,2may和might的用法 may(might)意為“可以”，表示說(shuō)話人同意、許可或請(qǐng)求對(duì)方許可

32、，也可表示祝愿。may的否定式為 may not。might 是may 的過(guò)去式，有兩種用法：一種表示過(guò)去式；一種表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，使語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、客氣，或表示可能性更小。如： _ I use your pen? 我可以用你的鋼筆嗎？ You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿衣服。 May you be happy.祝你開(kāi)心。 Might I borrow some money now?我現(xiàn)在可以借點(diǎn)錢嗎？ He might be alive.他可能還活著。,May,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,3must的用法 must 意為“必須，應(yīng)該，一定，準(zhǔn)是”，表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為有必

33、要做某事，命令、要求別人做某事以及對(duì)事物的推測(cè)。must 用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去式可用 have to 的過(guò)去式代替。如： I _ finish my work today.我今天必須完成我的工作。 You mustnt drive after drinking.你絕不能酒后駕車。 (1)must 和 have to 的區(qū)別： must 表示說(shuō)話人的主觀意愿；have to 表示客觀需要。如： I must do my homework first.我必須首先做家庭作業(yè)。 It is raining hard outside; I _ stay at home. 外面雨下得很大，我不

34、得不待在家里。,must,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,have to,(2)回答must 的提問(wèn) 肯定回答：Yes，must.如： Must I go home now? Yes, you must. “我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？” “是的，你必須?！?否定回答：No，neednt./No，dont/doesnt have to.如： Must I go home now？ No, you _. “我必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？” “不，沒(méi)必要?！?(3)must 可以表示肯定推測(cè)，意為“一定”。如： The man must be our teacher. 那個(gè)人一定是我們的老師。,neednt/dont hav

35、e to,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,4need的用法 (1)need 做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“需要，必須”。主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，否定形式為neednt，表示“沒(méi)有必要，不必”；need 提問(wèn)時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。如： Need we do some cleaning now? “我們必須現(xiàn)在大掃除嗎？” Yes, you must. “是的，你們必須?！?No, you neednt. “不，你們不必?！?(2)need 還可當(dāng)做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用，這時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)為 need to do sth。如： I need to learn more. 我需要學(xué)習(xí)更多。,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1

36、) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,5shall和should的用法 shall 用于第一人稱的句子中表示提建議或請(qǐng)求； should用于各種人稱的句子中強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)或責(zé)任。如： _ we go out for a walk? 我們出去散步好嗎？(建議) You should study hard at school. 你們?cè)趯W(xué)校應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。(勸告) 6will和would的用法 will用于第二人稱疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，表示征求意見(jiàn)或提建議。 would 為 will 的過(guò)去式，可用于多種人稱，表示意愿。如： Will you have a little soup? 你要不要喝點(diǎn)湯？,Shall,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,語(yǔ)法

37、互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,歸納 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法 (1)肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might / could(也許，或許)，其中must表推測(cè)的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，其余依次漸弱。如： The book must be hers. Her name is on it. He must be running.他一定是在跑步。 They may know the way to the library.他們可能知道去圖書(shū)館的路。,(2)否定句中一般用cant / couldnt(不可能)。如： That man cant be Mr Li because he has gone to Lo

38、ndon.那個(gè)人不可能是李老師，因?yàn)樗惗亓恕?(3)疑問(wèn)句中用can / could(能)。如： Can the red sweater be Toms?“這件紅毛衣會(huì)是吉姆的嗎？” No, it cant. He cant stand red.“不，不可能。他不能忍受紅色。” 注意 might, could并不是may, can的過(guò)去式，而是表示語(yǔ)氣較委婉或可能性較小。,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子，每空詞數(shù)不限 1Must I finish the work now? No, you _(不必) 2I think you _ (一定餓了). Ill cook d

39、inner for you. 3Peter, is the dictionary Marys? No, it _(不可能是她的). Her dictionary is at home. 4Could I have a look at your photos? Yes, you _ (能) 5I _ (能游泳) at the age of five.,考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān),neednt/dont have to,must be hungry,cant be hers,can,could swim,語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(1) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,【2013 甘肅白銀】37. Finish your homework first,

40、then youll _ watch TV for an hour. A. can B. be able to C. able D could 【答案】B 考查助動(dòng)詞用法。 will是助動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞的原型，故選B?！?013廣東梅州】35.Amy, I hear youve got many foreign coins. _ I have a look? Of course, Ill fetch them for you. A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need 【答案】A 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：艾米，我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你有很多外國(guó)硬幣。我可以看一下嗎？當(dāng)然了

41、。我拿給你看。May I?用于向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求，意為“我可以嗎？”。故選A。,【2013天津】37. Where are you going this month? We_ go to Xiamen, but were not sure. A. neednt B. must C. might D. mustnt 【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)。A“不必”表建議；B“一定”表猜測(cè)的可能性很大；C“可能，也許”表不是很肯定的猜測(cè)。D“不允許”表命令。句意：這個(gè)月你們將去哪？我們或許去廈門，但還不確定。故選C符合語(yǔ)境。,【2013山東威?！?3. May I go out for a w

42、hile, Mom? No, you . You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont 【答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：媽媽，我可以出去一會(huì)嗎？不，你不能。 你必須首先完成你的作業(yè)。shouldnt不應(yīng)該；neednt不必要；mustnt一定不能，表示明令禁止；wont將不能。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)，你必須首先完成你的作業(yè)，可知不同意出去玩。故選B。,【2013福建泉州】36. Have you decided where to go for your summer vacatio

43、n? Not yet. We _go to Qingdao . Its a good place for vacation. A. may B. need C. must 【答案】 A 【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：你已經(jīng)決定到哪里過(guò)暑假了嗎？還沒(méi)有呢，我們也許去青島。那是個(gè)度假的好地方。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)時(shí)，may表“可能”，must表“一定”，cant表“不可能”。,【2013浙江舟山、嘉興】23. Drivers _ wear seat belts while their cars are running on the road. A. needB. can C. mustD. may 【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意為“司機(jī)必須系安全帶當(dāng)車在路上行駛的時(shí)候?！眒ust的意思是“必須”，符合句意。故選C。,【2013 上?！?0. Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, dad? No, you _,son. Youre free to make your own decision. A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt 【答