完型閱讀應(yīng)試對(duì)策.ppt

1、1,聽力1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.A,2,Text 1. M：Excuse me how much is this radio, please? W：Well, it was thirty pounds, but its on special offer its only twenty pounds at the moment. M：Mmm, I see ,Twenty pounds thats quite cheap .Can I have

2、a look at it ,please?,3,Text 2. M：Excuse me. Can you help me? I was looking for the Lecture Hall. W：Maybe I can, actually. Im looking for the Lecture Hall, too. I think its in the Library. Are you a new student? M：Yes, I am.,4,Text 3. M：Rose, I dont know what to buy for Kathys birthday. How about a

3、music CD or a box of chocolate? W：Well, Ive already bought her a music CD, so why not get her some flowers? M：Yes, thats a good idea I will.,5,Text 4. M：Mrs. Turner, I didnt do my homework because I didnt understand it. W：Sit down now Ken, Ill explain it as soon as everyone is quiet.,6,Text 5. W：How

4、 was your interview? M：I couldnt feel better about it ! The questions were very fair, and I seemed to find an answer for all of them,7,Text 6. M：Have you read the story “The Gift of the Magi” written by O. Henry? W：Yes. I enjoy reading his short stories. What I admire him most is that he started to

5、write stories while he was in prison. Who is your favorite American writer, Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway, or Jack London?,8,M：Jack London. He was born of a poor family in San Francisco in 1876. He left school at fourteen, and became a sailor, a hunter, and an explorer. In 1897 he went to the Klondik

6、e in Canada. London found adventures that he put into his most famous stories and novels. London continued to travel until a few years before his death in 1916. Now Im reading his story “Love of Life”. Im sure you will like his works. W：Great! Can you lend it to me after you finish it? M：No problem.

7、,9,Text 7. M：Hello, can I help you? W：Yes, Id like to go on a sailing holiday this summer in Italy. M：Have you been sailing before? W：No. I wanted to go to Sweden last year, but I didnt have enough money. M：Well it is quite expensive. Sailing holidays start at about three hundred pounds.,10,W：Yes, m

8、y friends went in August last year. They paid four hundred and fifty pounds each. The most I can pay is three hundred and eighty pounds. M：Well, that should be enough. Would you like to be by the sea or a lake? W：Well, Id prefer a lake in the mountains. M：Okay. The Aqua Centre in north Italy will be

9、 best for you. That costs 370. W：Okay. Can I pay by credit card? I havent got my cheque book. M：Yes, thats fine.,11,Text 8. W：And how did you find Cambridge when you first arrived? M：Well. I like it here. I think the city is very beautiful. W：What about your accommodation? Was that OK? M：Yes, OK. At

10、 first I stayed with a family for three months. They were very kind to me but they had three young children and I found it difficult to study. W：Right. I see. M：So after three months I moved out and now I live with two other students in a student house. Its much cheaper and we like it there.,12,W：Go

11、od, and what about your studies? What are you studying? M：Im doing Computing. W：Computing. I see. Um, apart from the language difficulties, how have you found the course? M：Well, the main difficulty for me is getting time on the computers in the computer room. Its always busy and this makes it very

12、hard to do my practical work. W：Can you reserve time in the computer room? M：No, but it would certainly help if we could reserve computer time. W：Yes, Ill look into that and see if something can be done to improve things over there.,13,Text 9. W：Okay, Mr. Taylor, lets go ahead and begin. First of al

13、l, tell me about your last job. M：Well, as stated on my resume, I worked for five years at Hi Tech Computers. W：Okay. Hi Tech. And what do you know about computer networks and operating systems including DOS, Windows, Macintosh OS, and UNLX? M：Umm well I did come in contact with computers every nigh

14、t at my last job.,14,W：Hum! And how about web site authoring skills? Oh. We are looking for someone to create and manage our companys web site which would include the development, configuration, and use of CGI scripts. M：Umm uh, web page, web page. Huh I dont think Ive read that book, and Im afraid

15、Ive never used those CGI things.,15,W：Huh?! And what about experience with Java or JavaScript? M：Well I think Ive tried Java at a foreign coffee shop one time, if thats what you mean. W：Okay, Mr. Taylor, I think I have all the information I need! M：Oh, and I really like computer games. I play them e

16、very day. W：Right, right. Thanks Mr. Taylor. Well be in touch.,16,Text 10. If you are studying English, the Language Study Fair thats being held this month will certainly interest you. The show is taking place between the 17th and 19th of March at the National Education Centre. It aims to answer all

17、 your questions about self study, whatever your level. The Language Study Fair provides a perfect opportunity for you to see, compare and get advice on everything that helps you improve the way you study. Over 350 leading producers of educational materials will be present.,17,Weve got lots of differ

18、ent things for you to see here. There will be stands showing different types of self study textbooks, and talks by educational speakers on the best ways to study by yourself. Youll be able to see the latest furniture available for people who study at home. Were sure youll also enjoy watching people

19、using the latest computer programs, which can make studying English much easier. This is your chance to make good decisions about what you buy. You can attend the fair between nine thirty and five on Thursday and Friday, and from nine thirty and five on Thursday and Friday ,and from nine-thirty to f

20、our on Saturday.,18,Tickets cost 5 each, or 3 if you are a full time student. All tickets can be booked by ringing the ticket hotline. The number is 984 7711. Parking can be really difficult around the National Education Centre. However, an all day space can be booked for only 2.50 per vehicle. So,

21、we look forward to seeing you there!,19,策略：,1.先讀題明確聽的任務(wù)和目的，這樣降低聽的難度。 2，明確聽的任務(wù)和目的后把注意力集中在關(guān)鍵詞、句上（Selective listening）。段首句和過(guò)渡性詞語(yǔ)也是聽力捕捉的對(duì)象還要注意語(yǔ)意信號(hào)“So you see”（這是講話人在總結(jié)自己的看法）。 3，自我監(jiān)控策略。一旦遇到生詞，就會(huì)停止聽音，陷入到對(duì)生詞 的苦思冥想中，要馬上使自己的注意力重新回到所聽的材料上。出現(xiàn)障礙 ，及時(shí)放棄。,20,策略：,4，記憶策略。及時(shí)作筆記，如果不記，難以記住長(zhǎng)段文章或會(huì)話中 的全部細(xì)節(jié)。諸如年、月、日、星期、鐘點(diǎn)、年

22、齡、價(jià)格、人名和地點(diǎn)等。聽記兼顧。 5,最后一篇monologue要把握所聽材料的整體意思（Global listening）。,21,注意：,1，在聽錄音時(shí)一要注意對(duì)話雙方說(shuō)話的口氣，如雙方口氣熱情、隨和，則一般為朋友、同學(xué)等關(guān)系。如一方直言，另一方小心謹(jǐn)慎，則很可能為上下級(jí)關(guān)系。 2，答案可能從錄音中直接得出，也可能要判斷推理出來(lái)。,22,單選21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. C,23,1.

23、還原再現(xiàn) 2.消元簡(jiǎn)化 3.語(yǔ)境定義 4.結(jié)構(gòu)分析 5.詞義辨析 6.克服思維定勢(shì),單選策略：,24,完型41.B 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A 51.D 52.C 53.B 54.A 55.C 56.A 57.C 58.D 59.D 60.B,25,完形填空,應(yīng)試對(duì)策,26,應(yīng)試對(duì)策： 1.通過(guò)短文抓主旨 短文首句通常不設(shè)空格，這就為我們窺視文章全貌提供了一個(gè)窗口，而尾句往往是文章的總結(jié)、結(jié)論和點(diǎn)睛之筆，所以抓住開篇啟示作用的首句和總結(jié)概括性的尾句是必要的。（預(yù)判體裁1-2分鐘） 2.精讀短文分析大意 應(yīng)逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項(xiàng)，

24、對(duì)特定的語(yǔ)境做深入的理解，克服“定式思維”，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句，句不離文的原則，逐項(xiàng)填空。要吃透文意，理解到位，應(yīng)作到以下幾點(diǎn)： 第一點(diǎn)：從上下文的角度考慮，注意其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。 第二點(diǎn)：從詞匯意義及用法、慣用方式和搭配的角度去考慮，準(zhǔn)確判斷。,27,第三點(diǎn)：從邏輯推理、常識(shí)等角度考慮，挖掘文章的寓意及隱含意義。 第四點(diǎn)：從英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的差異角度去考慮，避免錯(cuò)誤。（10-12分鐘）,3.復(fù)讀全文再檢驗(yàn) 在做完一篇完形填空后， 文章完整了，應(yīng)從頭到尾讀一遍，根據(jù)復(fù)讀的語(yǔ)感和對(duì)正篇短文的理解，再次將較明顯的錯(cuò)誤改正，個(gè)別需要推敲的再做調(diào)整，盡可能少出錯(cuò)。（1-2分鐘）,28,1.多掌握一些固定搭配

25、，包括固定短語(yǔ)和習(xí)慣語(yǔ)法等。 2.詞語(yǔ)辨析，表面上是語(yǔ)境中詞語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)意選擇，其實(shí)是考查詞匯的運(yùn)用能力。 3.熟練的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，盡管近年來(lái)單純考查 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的題很少，但熟練的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和大意，對(duì)解題也很有幫助(動(dòng)賓搭配，動(dòng)作先后順序法） 4.注意培養(yǎng)結(jié)合全文結(jié)構(gòu)和中心思想，根據(jù)常識(shí)和上下文提供的信息進(jìn)行理解、分析和推理的能力。（主旨呈現(xiàn)法）,應(yīng)試對(duì)策,29,5.要加強(qiáng)對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系等， 以及對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)換詞語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)。（邏輯推理法） 6.要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文的同義詞線索、環(huán)境線索、對(duì)比線索、因果線索、順序線索等

26、進(jìn)行分析判斷。（原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，前后線索法）,30,閱讀61.B 62.A 63.C 64.D 65.D 66.C 67.B 68.A 69.D 70.A 71.C 72.C 73.B 74.C 75.D 76.A 77.B 78.D 79.D 80.C,31,閱讀理解考查形式主要有四大類： 1細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 2推理判斷題。 3主旨大意題。 4詞義猜測(cè)題。,32,應(yīng)試對(duì)策,1細(xì)節(jié)理解題。,此類題的解題方法是：抓住提問(wèn)中的關(guān)鍵字眼，仔細(xì)閱 讀材料內(nèi)容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加歸納即 同義轉(zhuǎn)換就可以找到正確答案。認(rèn)真比較選項(xiàng)和文章 中的細(xì)節(jié)。（關(guān)鍵詞法，同義轉(zhuǎn)換法）,33,應(yīng)試對(duì)策： 此類文章多以細(xì)

27、節(jié)題為主，著重考查理解文中具體信息的能力。細(xì)節(jié)題一般分為以下幾類； 1.排序題；一般采用首尾定位法。 2.圖文轉(zhuǎn)換題；一般采用文史鎖定法，即按文定圖法。 3.數(shù)字換算題 4.表格理解題；看懂行和列各代表的意義。 5.同義轉(zhuǎn)換題（推理法）； 6.代詞指代題；理清人物，事件之間的邏輯關(guān)系。使事件，人物更加條理化，簡(jiǎn)明化。,34,2推理判斷題。,這類題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的字面意思， 推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。 邏輯推理法 同義轉(zhuǎn)換法,35,推理判斷類題型是閱讀理解中較難的題型，多屬于深層理解題。做此類題要注意兩點(diǎn)： 一要分清所考察的題是問(wèn)作者的觀點(diǎn)還是讀者的觀點(diǎn)。（不要答非所問(wèn)） 二不要脫

28、離原文只憑自己的意愿胡亂推理。 （1）數(shù)據(jù)推斷題 (2)邏輯結(jié)論推斷題（首先獲得短文的主題思想或列舉的具體事實(shí)） (3)對(duì)作者態(tài)度、傾向的推斷題（特別注意文中作者的措辭）,36,3.主旨大意類 解答此類題時(shí)要抓住段落的主題句（topic sentence）。依據(jù)各段的概括得出文章主旨。 主題句法 文首呈現(xiàn)主題句。主題句位于段首是作者運(yùn)用先立論，后擺事實(shí)，講道理的寫作手法，這種段落可稱作演繹型段落。這是英語(yǔ)最常見的寫作方法。開門見山提出主題，然后再用細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)解釋，支持或發(fā)展主題句表達(dá)的主題思想。,37,文末出現(xiàn)主題句。 主題句位于文末是作者采用了先擺事實(shí)，后作結(jié)論的手法，這種段落稱作歸納型段落。在

29、表達(dá)細(xì)節(jié)后，歸納要點(diǎn)，得出結(jié)論或概括主題。,主題句位于段落的中間。主題句偶爾也位于段落的中間。這種段落是從支撐細(xì)節(jié)開始，發(fā)展到結(jié)論。當(dāng)主題句出現(xiàn)后，又進(jìn)一步用細(xì)節(jié)支持說(shuō)明，按其順序是：次要-重要-次要。,38,主題句隱含在文章中。有些文章沒有明顯的主題句，而是需要考生把文中所有的細(xì)節(jié)綜述起來(lái)，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納出文章的主題句。,39,即主題句隱含在全文中, 沒有明確的主題句. 必須根據(jù)文篇中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，進(jìn)行全面考慮，綜合分析，然后找出共同的東西，歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括時(shí)過(guò)于寬泛，要恰如其分。,Joshua Bingham studied 4 yea

30、rs at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. Q: What is t

31、he main idea of the passage? A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student. C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education.,40,【解題思路】 此文沒有主題句。全篇共四句，只陳述了四個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)(detail)性的事實(shí)。因此就答案本身看，個(gè)個(gè)都對(duì)。讀者只能將所有的details綜合起來(lái)，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，才能構(gòu)成一個(gè)沒有言明的主題思想(unstat

32、ed main idea)。由于文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情況，即作者想告訴我們的是：Joshua Bingham接受過(guò)良好的教育，所以答案是 ,41,標(biāo)題：,1，不能以偏概全，只是局部細(xì)節(jié), 太窄。 2，不能過(guò)于籠統(tǒng). 即歸納的主題太泛, 與細(xì)節(jié)脫節(jié)或是沒有對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)加以充分論述.太寬。 3，應(yīng)含文章中的關(guān)鍵詞。,42,應(yīng)試對(duì)策： 文章主旨線索： 標(biāo)題法 設(shè)問(wèn)法 舉例法 首尾呼應(yīng)法 邏輯聯(lián)系詞法： however, but , on the contrary, therefore,43,（1）利用上下文，通過(guò)對(duì)應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)或平行結(jié)構(gòu)的同義詞或反義詞進(jìn)行判斷。 （2）利用所學(xué)的

33、語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目如：定語(yǔ)從句，同謂語(yǔ)從句等。結(jié)構(gòu)分析法 （3）利用構(gòu)詞法 （4）根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞，如：but, however, yet, instead, although, though, as, like unlike not only.but also at the same time. (5) 代入法,4詞義猜測(cè)題。,44,矯正不良閱讀習(xí)慣，加強(qiáng)限時(shí)閱讀訓(xùn)練，提高閱讀速度。 不少同學(xué)由于閱讀習(xí)慣不好，平時(shí)又缺乏訓(xùn)練，所以快速處理信息的能力差，無(wú)法適應(yīng)高考對(duì)閱讀速度的要求，為了改變這種情況，可以從以下兩個(gè)方面入手。,為什么要多練,45,矯正不良閱讀習(xí)慣 ： 閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常用手指著字，或復(fù)讀，或聲讀。這樣

34、的習(xí)慣影響了閱讀速度的提高，必須加以克服。 在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)把注意力放在語(yǔ)言意義上，把領(lǐng)會(huì)作者要表達(dá)的主要意思作為第一目的，加大目光跨度，以意群為閱讀單位，培養(yǎng)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣。 并根據(jù)文章的不同體裁和形式采取相應(yīng)的閱讀方法和技巧。如故事性記敘文可采用順讀法，以便找到關(guān)鍵詞句，領(lǐng)會(huì)主旨大意。 而某些篇幅較長(zhǎng)的應(yīng)用文可采用逆讀法。即先讀理解題，從中把握題干與選項(xiàng)所含的重點(diǎn)信息，然后從短文中查找相關(guān)內(nèi)容，以便排除干擾，快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住信息點(diǎn)，增強(qiáng)解題的針對(duì)性。,46,有針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行限時(shí)閱讀，提高閱讀速度 在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中，養(yǎng)成在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成短文的閱讀，理解和答題的習(xí)慣，久而久之，速度自然會(huì)提高。,47,1

35、immigration 2. strengthen 3. pronunciation 4. govern 5. calculate 6. identification 7. reward 8. promote 9. appearance 10. distinguish,48,11. absent 12. accurate 13. administration 14. approximately 15. achieve 16. athlete 17. atmosphere 18. attitude 19. average 20. attempt,49,1is surrounded 2. repr

36、esent 3. Having been separated 4. rounding up 5. depending on 6. classify 7. branches; expenses 8. settlement 9. observations,50,Li Ming is a diligent/ hard-working student. It is Saturday. He is busy working on his lessons in the afternoon at home. At break, he relaxes by the window, expecting to e

37、njoy the sunshine. Yet the busy pouring traffic seems to remind him of something. As a senior 3 student, facing NMET, time is more or less limited for him. He thinks he must plan everything carefully in order to solve the remaining problems with his lessons and prepare well for the coming examinatio

38、n. Meanwhile, he has to take good care of himself. For example, he should have a balanced diet and do some exercise every day, Li Ming is determined to do his best so that he will meet with success.,51,As is shown in the picture, Li Ming is standing by the window staring at the outside world. Can yo

39、u guess what he is thingking abour now? Many exercise books are lying on the desk quietely without speaking a word. It is obvious that Li Ming is tired of the endless studying. He may wonder when he can really get away from them and play basketball with joy. Nowadays, it is the pressure of studying

40、that makes the teenagers poor. Many students abandon themselves in the homework. But as a consequence of it, they lose their valuable freedom. So try going out and finding the beauty of nature. Dont be a prisoner of studing.孫雪妍,52,From the picture above , it can be seen that Li Ming stands by the window, losing himself into thinking . I suppose that he is a little tired after hours of hard work and wants to relax for a while with his books unfold. The number on the calendar shows that thereis only two months before that final exam. Maybe when appreciating the beautiful scenery outside the wi