新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)(第二版)綜合教程2 Unit 3 A篇練習(xí)答案及課文翻譯PPT幻燈片.pptx

1、1,Contents,Active Reading 1,2,1. Whats your first impression of American football game? 2. What are the differences between American football and soccer? 3. Watch the video clip and discuss the cruelty and wildness of sports.,Warming Up,3,American football is a ball game with complex rules and intri

2、cate strategies, played in a number of countries but mainly in the US. Each team has 11 players on the field at a time (out of 46 in a whole team who are divided into offence, defence and specialized teams) and each player has a specialized role or task for each specific play. Players carry the egg-

3、shaped ball and pass or hand it backwards to others (a “running play”) or throw it forwards to team-mates (a “passing play”). Opposing players may “tackle” a player running with ball (by pushing, grasping or pulling) or block other players.,Warming Up,4,Plays usually begin with a “scrimmage” in whic

4、h players on the field take up particular formations for offence and defence and consist of a series of “downs” (rapid bursts of play in which the offence attempts to advance the ball towards their opponents endzone), outside of which the ball is “dead” (out of play). The main points are scored by a

5、 6-point “touchdown” (when the ball is taken to the opponents end zone), a 3-point “field goal” (when the ball is kicked through the opponents goal posts), or a 2-point “safety” (by tackling an opposing ball carrier in their own end zone).,Warming Up,5,Players need strength, speed, technique and hig

6、h collaboration and understanding of teamwork in different plays. Because the game stops after every “down”, teams have many opportunities to change the “plays”, choosing different ones from a wide repertoire with different strategies (safer or more risky, disguised or deceptive, easy or more comple

7、x ones), which makes American football like a war game. Soccer is a word for the game of football. The word soccer is used so that it is not confused with American football.,Warming Up,6,Text,Blowing the whistle on soccer,Discuss the questions,Go to the text,7,Text,1 Work in pairs and discuss the qu

8、estions. 2 Look at the title and the first two paragraphs of the passage and answer the questions.,8,Text,1 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 What are the most popular sports in China? 2 Do you think foreigners can understand Chinese sports such as tai chi and kung fu? 3 Do you understand f

9、oreign sports, such as football and tennis? 4 How much do you think national culture is reflected in sports?,9,Text,1 What are the most popular sports in China? Well, I believe it has been a tradition that sports like basketball, table tennis, badminton, volleyball, swimming, gymnastics, martial art

10、s and tai chi are the most popular sports in China. However, in recent years, football has certainly become very popular, along with some other sports like golf, tennis, skiing, car racing and snooker.,10,Text,2 Do you think foreigners can understand Chinese sports such as tai chi and kung fu? This

11、is a strange question. Why not? Chinese people can surely understand sports which have come to China from other countries, invented or developed by foreigners, cant they? So the reverse must also be true. Many foreigners are interested in traditional Chinese sports like martial arts and tai chi, and

12、 if they learn them well they can understand them.,11,Text,3 Do you understand foreign sports, such as football and tennis? Well, I know the sports, but I dont know the rules and hardly watch them. Yes. I understand a bit. Football is a ball game in which two teams of 11 players, using any part of t

13、heir bodies except their hands and arms, try to manoeuver the ball into the opposing teams goal. Tennis is played on a court by two players (or four for doubles). Players on opposite sides of a net hit a ball over the net with a racket so that it lands on the other side of the court.,12,Text,4 How m

14、uch do you think national culture is reflected in sports? I believe participating in sports is a very important way to publicize, popularize and develop a national culture. Through sports, the nation shows its sporting spirit, and also the condition of its sports facilities, which indicate the gener

15、al quality of life. For example, the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and Para-Olympics were successful sporting events which showed how the Chinese nation is keen to implement its motto of “One World, One Dream”.,13,Text,Chinese people demonstrated their devotion to the ideals of peace, respect, care and

16、 working for a better life, and they shared their vision with all other nations. From the events and ceremonies, people all over the world could see that China has developed into a modern society, with good sporting, transport and living facilities. Chinese people heartily supported the events, and

17、were enthusiastic about helping foreign visitors enjoy their time during the events in China.,14,Text,2 Look at the title and the first two paragraphs of the passage and answer the questions. 1 Blow the whistle on someone or something means to tell people about something you know is wrong. Why do yo

18、u think the writer chose this title? 2 Is baseball a popular sport in France? 3 Is the writer French or American? 4 Is baseball a popular sport for Americans? 5 Is soccer a popular sport for Americans? 6 Will the rest of the passage describe baseball or soccer? 7 Will it be a factual description or

19、a humorous one? 8 Does the writer enjoy watching soccer and find it exciting? 9 Is the writer looking forward to the World Cup?,15,Text,1 Blow the whistle on someone or something means to tell people about something you know is wrong. Why do you think the writer chose this title? The use of the phra

20、se blow the whistle here is a pun, which indicates a) something needs to be said about soccer and, b) the referee blows a whistle to start and stop a soccer match. 2 Is baseball a popular sport in France? No. I dont think so. But football is very popular there.,16,Text,3 Is the writer French or Amer

21、ican? I believe the writer is an American, because the writer indicates that baseball is a foreign sport to his French friend, but baseball is popular in the US. 4 Is baseball a popular sport for Americans? Oh, yes. Baseball is played in schools and by professionals. Other popular sports include bas

22、ketball, American football and ice hockey, I understand. But in the 2008 Olympics, the US team only won the bronze for baseball. The Korean team won the gold!,17,Text,5 Is soccer a popular sport for Americans? Unfortunately it is not, although there is more interest in it now. The writer indicates t

23、his with: “I will have no clue whats going on out there on the pitch.” 6 Will the rest of the passage describe baseball or soccer? I guess it is about soccer, since the last few sentences talk about how puzzled the writer is about soccer. 7 Will it be a factual description or a humorous one? Well, i

24、t is likely to be a humorous one. The first paragraph describing his French friend has set the tone of the passage through its use of humour, showing that the passage isnt really serious.,18,Text,8 Does the writer enjoy watching soccer and find it exciting? I doubt it very much, since the writer cla

25、ims “Im colliding with this same cultural barrier”, where people dont know the rules and reasons for the excitement of a game. 9 Is the writer looking forward to the World Cup? Not really. The writer talks about how much he is puzzled by soccer (“I will have no clue whats going on out there”), and s

26、tates that it is time for a critical assessment of the sport (“blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game”).,19,Blowing the whistle on soccer 1 A French friend of mine got a big laugh at a dinner party recently with his account of the game of baseball: “Seven guys stand around in a field doing

27、 nothing while two of their teammates throw the ball back and forth.”,Text,20,2 I understand its hard to get excited about a foreign sport if you didnt grow up with it. Now Im colliding with this same cultural barrier. The World Cup soccer tournament begins on June 9 and I will have no clue whats go

28、ing on out there on the “pitch”. It seems a good time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game.,Text,21,3 I have been watching soccer for years and all I can see on the field is 22 grown men in shorts running around madly trying to kick the ball and tripping over each other. I guess the o

29、bject is to get the ball into the net (also known as the goal), but if it ever gets close it looks like an accident. 4 What we have here, it would seem, is a game of chance.,Text,22,5 For an hour and a half, the field is a scene of sheer chaos as the ball sails back and forth and the fans hum some m

30、ournful tune reminiscent of “The Slaves Chorus” from Nabucco. Neither team seems to be in control. 6 The scoring system says it all. Most finals are 00, 10 or 21, indicating that games tend to be stand-offs and its a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. To put a good face on it, they call

31、this tension or suspense.,Text,23,7 Newcomers to soccer mostly Americans might wonder how many ways points can be scored. Besides kicking the ball it is permitted to whack it in mid-air with your head, which is not the best use of the cranium, as doctors will tell you. 8 To be honest, though, many g

32、oals are scored by the ball accidentally bouncing off random players who get in the way. The crowd loves these, especially when a defenders leg sends the ball by chance, of course into his own net.,Text,24,9 Goals are the best illustration of the chance nature of this game. Ninety per cent of goal s

33、hots (known as “chances” or, in hopeless cases, “half chances”, or in France, opportunits ) are either blocked or are so far off course that they soar deep into the stands. 10 If the ball happens to be aimed about right and slips through the forest of hairy legs, its sheer luck. The shooter, or “str

34、iker”, then takes full credit for this accident, peels off his shirt and sprints around in circles as four or five fellow players jump on his back to try to stop him and get his shirt back on. 11 The chaos resumes, the humming in the stands starts up again, and the clock slowly ticks away toward 90

35、long minutes.,Text,25,12 Unlike baseball or basketball, precision ball-handling is not a top priority in soccer except perhaps for Thierry Henry and a couple of Brazilians. Lets face it, God never meant for most of us to control a ball with the feet while running at top speed. 13 Periodically a play

36、er gets an elbow in the face and goes down writhing. The clock stops while little men with black bags rush over and massage his phony-baloney injury, after which he jumps up good as new. The player who elbowed him gets something called a “yellow card”, a mild reprimand.,Text,26,14 How can you have a

37、 sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure? Besides the mystery of “injury time”, there is something called the “offside rule”, which deems, roughly, that the striker cannot receive the ball unless at least two opposing players are ahead of him. Why not? This leaves everyone perplexed

38、. 15 Not to worry even professional commentators are at a loss for words. The BBCs voice of soccer, John Motson, notes that there is no “universal interpretation” of the offside rule. Imagine real football with no agreement on what “touchdown” means.,Text,27,16 Why does your typical soccer match see

39、m so out of control? Simple. Only one referee is on the field, and he is responsible for keeping 22 hopped-up athletes in line. He allows no backtalk (for this, you get a “red card” and a shower) but most of the infractions pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing, handballing are committed when he isnt

40、 looking. But the fans see them, setting off more moans in the stands. 17 The mystery remains why so many people flock to see this game. I must be missing something.,Text,28,Text,揭足球的短 1 我的一位法國(guó)朋友在最近的一次晚宴上說(shuō)起壘球時(shí)哈哈大笑：“當(dāng)兩個(gè)隊(duì)友在場(chǎng)上來(lái)回投球時(shí)，另外七個(gè)小伙子在邊上站著無(wú)事可做。”,29,Text,2 我知道，如果一個(gè)人不是從小就接觸某項(xiàng)外來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，他就很難對(duì)它感興趣。現(xiàn)在我正遭遇同樣

41、的文化壁壘。6月9號(hào)世界杯足球賽就要開(kāi)始了，而我對(duì)球員在“球場(chǎng)”上干些什么卻一無(wú)所知。看起來(lái)這是給這個(gè)所謂的精彩賽事揭短的一次大好機(jī)會(huì)。,30,Text,3 我看足球也有好幾年了，我所看到的就是22個(gè)穿著短褲的成年人在場(chǎng)上瘋狂地奔跑，力爭(zhēng)踢到球，互相絆倒對(duì)方。我猜想他們的目的是要把球踢進(jìn)網(wǎng)里（也叫球門(mén)），可是，如果不是碰巧的話，球是很難靠近球門(mén)的。 4 看起來(lái)，我們現(xiàn)在談?wù)摰氖且豁?xiàng)靠運(yùn)氣取勝的運(yùn)動(dòng)。,31,Text,5 整整一個(gè)半小時(shí)，球場(chǎng)上一片混亂：球飛來(lái)飛去，球迷們?cè)诤咧皇妆瘋那?，讓人想起納布卡的“奴隸合唱團(tuán)”。雙方隊(duì)員好像都失控了。 6 記分法說(shuō)明了一切：多數(shù)球賽都是以00、10或

42、21結(jié)束，這意味著球賽結(jié)果傾向于平局，如果比賽結(jié)束時(shí)一方勝出了，那只是因?yàn)樗麄冞\(yùn)氣好。為了粉飾這種現(xiàn)象，他們稱這樣的比賽為“激烈”或“有懸念”。,32,Text,7 足球新人大多是美國(guó)人或許不知道有多少種得分法。除了用腳踢球之外，在空中用頭頂球也是允許的?？舍t(yī)生會(huì)告訴你，這可不是腦袋的最大用途。 8 老實(shí)說(shuō)，很多進(jìn)球是從某個(gè)無(wú)意中擋住球的球員身上反彈進(jìn)球門(mén)的。觀眾喜歡這種進(jìn)球，尤其是防守隊(duì)員當(dāng)然是偶然地把球送進(jìn)了自家的網(wǎng)內(nèi)。,33,Text,9 射門(mén)最好地說(shuō)明了這種比賽的碰運(yùn)氣性質(zhì)：90% 的射門(mén)（被稱為“機(jī)會(huì)”，或在無(wú)望的情況下，稱為“半個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)”；在法國(guó)稱為opportunits）或被擋住，

43、或因?yàn)樯涞锰蛑苯语w上了看臺(tái)。 10 萬(wàn)一球碰巧瞄準(zhǔn)了，穿過(guò)長(zhǎng)滿毛的隊(duì)員的腿滑進(jìn)球門(mén)，那純粹是運(yùn)氣。射門(mén)的人，亦稱“前鋒”，會(huì)因?yàn)榧儗倥既坏倪M(jìn)球而獨(dú)攬所有的贊譽(yù)，他會(huì)脫掉球衣，繞圈猛跑，四、五個(gè)隊(duì)友會(huì)撲到他的背上阻止他，讓他穿上球衣。 11 接著又恢復(fù)了混亂，看臺(tái)上的觀眾又開(kāi)始哼歌曲，而計(jì)時(shí)器則在滴答聲中慢悠悠地走向漫長(zhǎng)的90分鐘的盡頭。,34,Text,12 足球與壘球或籃球不一樣，對(duì)足球來(lái)說(shuō)準(zhǔn)確的控球并不是最重要的，蒂埃里亨利和幾個(gè)巴西球員例外。讓我們面對(duì)事實(shí)吧：上帝從未想讓我們大多數(shù)人在全速跑動(dòng)時(shí)用腳來(lái)控制球。 13 時(shí)不時(shí)地會(huì)有球員臉上挨了一肘，躺在草地上痛苦地翻騰。這時(shí)會(huì)暫停計(jì)時(shí)，

44、幾個(gè)提著黑包的小個(gè)子男人會(huì)跑過(guò)來(lái)按摩他那假裝、胡說(shuō)的受傷部位，然后他又活蹦亂跳地站起來(lái)。那位肘擊他的球員會(huì)得到一張叫“黃牌”的東西：一種溫和的懲戒。,35,Text,14 怎么會(huì)有戰(zhàn)術(shù)和規(guī)則都如此模糊不清的運(yùn)動(dòng)呢？除了“傷停時(shí)間”之謎，還有那個(gè)被稱為“越位”的規(guī)則，大概是指除非有兩位對(duì)方球員在他的前頭，否則前鋒不能接隊(duì)友的傳球。為什么不能呢？這讓所有的人都迷惑不解。 15 不必?fù)?dān)心即便是職業(yè)解說(shuō)員也往往對(duì)此感到語(yǔ)塞。BBC的足球名嘴約翰莫特森認(rèn)為對(duì)越位規(guī)則“不存在國(guó)際通用的解釋”。想想真正的足球（即美國(guó)人的橄欖球譯注）對(duì)“持球觸地”沒(méi)有一致的解釋會(huì)有什么后果吧。,36,Text,16 為何你們

45、典型的足球比賽看上去如此失控呢？很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)榍驁?chǎng)上只有一名裁判，他要負(fù)責(zé)管束22名極度興奮的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他不允許球員提出異議（否則就給他一張“紅牌”，讓他沖個(gè)澡走人）。但是，大多數(shù)的犯規(guī)，如推人、出拳打人、使絆、用膝蓋頂人、手球都是在他看不到的情況下進(jìn)行的?？墒乔蛎远伎匆?jiàn)了，于是引發(fā)了觀眾席上更多的抱怨。 17 有一個(gè)謎一直解不開(kāi)：為什么會(huì)有這么多人蜂擁前去觀看這項(xiàng)比賽呢？我一定是漏掉了什么關(guān)鍵的東西。,37,teammate,collide,tournament,clue,pitch,chorus,stand-off,suspense,newcomer,mostly,illustration,s

46、oar,hairy,shooter,striker,madly,sheer,hum,mournful,reminiscent,whack,cranium,accidentally,random,defender,peel,sprint,resume,precision,priority,Words a piece of information that helps explain a situation or provide a solution to a problem 線索；提示 e.g. 1. Police still have no clues as to the identity o

47、f the killer. 警察對(duì)兇手的身份還沒(méi)有線索。 2. Two detectives were brought in to help search for clues. 兩個(gè)偵探被找來(lái)幫著尋找線索。 3. His expressionless face gave her no clue as to what he was thinking. 他的臉上毫無(wú)表情，令她無(wú)從知曉他在想什么。,Words reminding sb. of sth. 追憶往事的；懷舊的；使人想起某事的 e.g. 1. The scene is so familiar, reminiscent of my chil

48、dhood. 這個(gè)場(chǎng)景很熟悉，讓我想起童年的情景。 2. This painting is strongly reminiscent of Da Vincis Annunciation. 這幅畫(huà)使人立即聯(lián)想到達(dá)芬奇的天使報(bào)喜。,Words as the result of an accident; by mistake rather than deliberate intention 偶然地；意外地；非故意地 e.g. 1. Police believe the fire was started accidentally. 警方認(rèn)為大火是意外發(fā)生的。 2. “Wed just finished

49、 our meal when John realized hed accidentally left his checkbook at home.” “Accidentally on purpose, you mean!” “我們剛吃完飯，這時(shí)約翰發(fā)現(xiàn)他無(wú)意中把支票本落在家里了?！?“你是說(shuō)他是有意裝無(wú)意吧！” Word family: accident n. accidental a.,Words a CV 個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷,72,Translate the following sentences into Chinese: 1. Well stop now and resume at two oc

50、lock. 我們現(xiàn)在停下來(lái), 到兩點(diǎn)再干。 2. He resumed his former position with the company. 他又恢復(fù)了在公司的職位。 3. Please send a detailed rsum to our company. 請(qǐng)給我們公司寄一份詳細(xì)的簡(jiǎn)歷。,Words if sth. or sb. is responsible for a situation or event, they are the cause of it 為負(fù)責(zé)；是造成的原因 e.g. 1. The board is ultimately responsible for poli

51、cy decisions. 最終由董事會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)決定采取什么政策。 2. The chemical is directly responsible for those deaths. 這個(gè)化學(xué)藥品是造成那些人死亡的直接原因。,95,Fill the blankets with the following words: respond; response; responsibility; responsible; irresponsible 1. Who is _ for the terrible traffic accident? 2. The girl _ to the news by weep

52、ing all day. 3. The suggestions we put forward at the meeting met with little _. 4. It is _ of the young mother to leave the child alone in the house. 5. Mr. Smith was fully aware that his new post as general manager was a position of great _. 6. Every adult (except a mad person) is _ for his own ac

53、tions.,Words pretend to be happy or satisfied when this is not the case 掩飾某事物；裝出不在意的樣子 e.g. 1. She hadnt passed the exam but she tried to put a good face on it. 她考試沒(méi)考及格，但她裝得若無(wú)其事的樣子。 2. Tom has run away from home, but his family are putting a good face on it. 湯姆已經(jīng)離家出走, 但他的家人卻裝作若無(wú)其事。,Words go settle u

54、pon the slopes and the hills,where, soft and mild, the sweet airsof our native land smell fragrant!Greet the banks of the Jordanand Zions toppled towers.Oh, my country so lovely and lost!Oh, remembrance so dear and so fraught with despair!,Words Nebuchadnezzar in English), king of ancient Babylon ro

55、ughly, modern Iraq whose armies in 587 BC captured Jerusalem, destroyed the city and its famous temple, took much of the Jewish population prisoners and exiled them to the city Babylon.,Words the team in possession is called the offense, and the team without possession is the defense.,123,Language P

56、oints,The offense has four attempts, called “downs”, to advance the ball ten yards. If they can do so, they are given another four downs to attempt to advance the ball another ten yards. If they cannot do so, possession of the ball passes to the other team, who become the offense. There are several

57、methods of scoring, the most well-known being the touchdown, where the ball is carried into the opposing teams end zone. Unlike in other football codes, in American football, players are allowed to impede or block players on the opposing team who are not in possession of the ball.,124,Language Point

58、s,This has three important consequences that make the game very different to other forms of football. Firstly, it allows much of the action to be planned in advance. These plans are called “plays”, and they give the game a strategic complexity that is absent from other forms of football. Secondly, i

59、t means that players are extremely specialized many players will not come into contact with the ball throughout the entire game, or possibly even the entire playing season. That is because their job is not so much to get the ball, but to prevent someone on the other team from moving into a certain position.,125,This leads to the third consequence, the high levels of protective clothing worn by the players. This is necessary to protect the players from the freque