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1、專題一閱讀理解第二講推理判斷類真題驗證題組一(2017全國,B)Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theaters 75year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different
2、. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were fill
3、ed with tearyeyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made i
4、t impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theaters location(位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town,”he said.“ Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater int
5、o a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.The theater audience said goodbye as Bradford lock
6、ed the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.文章大意:本文講述的是擁有75年歷史的廣場劇院在放映完最后一部電影后即將關(guān)閉以及市民對它的不舍之情。In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?_B_AIt made room for new equipment.BIt signaled the closedown of the theater
7、.CIt was done with the help of the audience.DIt marked the 75th anniversary of the theate.解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“As one group of workers carried out the rubbish,another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end”可推斷出,工人們清理垃圾和清除座位及其他劇院設(shè)備是在為劇院的關(guān)閉作準備。故選B。W
8、hy was The Last Picture Show put on?_D_AIt was an alltime classic.BIt was about the history of the town.CThe audience requested it.DThe theater owner found it suitable.解析:考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知,劇院的老板親自選定了The Last Picture Show
9、這部電影,因為他認為這部電影很適合。原文中的“appropriate”和D選項的“suitable”都表示“合適的”。故選D。What will probably happen to the building?_C_AIt will be repaired.BIt will be turned into a museum.CIt will be knocked down.DIt will be sold to the city government.解析:考查推理判斷。第四段最后一句說劇院被賣給了當?shù)氐拈_發(fā)公司,該公司計劃在劇院所在地建綜合購物大樓,因此可推斷出劇院將被推倒拆除。故選C。Wha
10、t can we infer about the audience?_B_AThey are disappointed with Bradford.BThey are sad to part with the old theater.CThey are supportive of the city officials.DThey are eager to have a shopping center.解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Though the movie is 30 years old,most of the 250 seats were filled with tearyey
11、ed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building”可知,觀眾含淚觀看最后一部電影,想向劇院告別;再結(jié)合最后一段最后一句“The theater will be missed”可以推斷出觀眾對劇院戀戀不舍,與劇院告別讓他們感到很悲傷。故選B。(2017全國,C)After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transpor
12、ted to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves. Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually _displaced_ by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practicall
13、y disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around. The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populationsmajor food sources(來源) for the wolfgrew rapidly. These animals consumed large a
14、mounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence ofwolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the parks red foxes, and completely drove away the parks beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider
15、 reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wo
16、lves. The US. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wo
17、lf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.文章大意:本文是一篇說明文。在爭議了幾年之后黃石國家公園終于把灰狼重新引入公園,以保持公園內(nèi)生態(tài)的平衡。What is the text mainly about?_D_AWildlife research in the United States.BPlant diversity in the Yellowstone are
18、a.CThe conflict between farmers and gray wolves.DThe reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.解析:考查主旨大意??v觀全文可知,本文主要談了將灰狼重新引入黃石國家公園的原因以及這一舉措的成效等,故選D。What does the underlined word“ displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?_C_ATested. BSeparated. CForced out. DTracked down.解析:考查詞義猜測。由第二段第一句話可知,曾經(jīng)黃石公園里有灰狼,下文提
19、到但后來由于人類的發(fā)展灰狼數(shù)量逐漸減少,幾乎消失了,因此可以推出,displaced意為“被迫離開”,故選C。What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?_A_ADamage to local ecology. BA decline in the parks income.CPreservation of vegetation. DAn increase in the variety of animals.解析:考查推理判斷。第三段提到由于灰狼的消失,鹿和麋鹿的數(shù)量快速增長,消耗了大量的植被,減少了植物種類同時叢林狼的數(shù)量增多,園
20、內(nèi)很多的紅狐被獵殺,而河貍也完全消失了,由此推斷出灰狼的消失對公園內(nèi)的生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了損害。故選A。What is the authors attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project?_B_ADoubtful. BPositive. CDisapproving. DUncaring.解析:考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)第五段最后一句中的“a valuable experiment”可知,作者認為這項工程很有價值,因此他的態(tài)度應(yīng)當是積極肯定的。故選B。(2017北京,C)Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children ea
21、ch year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing antivaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have b
22、een reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“ herd immunity”, which protects t
23、he people who get hurt easily, including those who cant be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesnt work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity break
24、s down and everyone is in even bigger danger.Thats exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, NY., where a 17yearold caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has conti
25、nued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(決定不參加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen s
26、tates allow parents to get an exemption (豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for
27、limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide, but theyll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.文章大意:這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了近年來曾經(jīng)致命且?guī)缀跸Я说穆檎罹硗林貋怼>科湓?,是少?shù)人拒絕注射疫苗,導(dǎo)致了自己及其他人的健康受損。作者呼吁人人都應(yīng)該注射麻疹疫苗。The first two pa
28、ragraphs suggest that _A_.Aa small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendBthe outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionCantivaccine movement has its medical reasonsDinformation about measles spreads quickly解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)前兩段的內(nèi)容,尤其是第二段中的“The numbers might sound small,but they are th
29、e leading edge of a dangerous trend”可知,少量的麻疹病例卻能引起危險的趨勢。故選A。Herd immunity works well when _C_.Aexemptions are allowed Bseveral vaccines are used togetherCthe whole neighborhood is involved inDnew regulations are added to the state laws解析:考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“But herd immunity works only when nearly the wh
30、ole herd joins in”可知,只有在大家都參加疫苗接種的情況下群體免疫力才有作用。故選C。What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?_D_AThe overuse of vaccine. BThe lack of medical care.CThe features of measles itself. DThe vaccine optouts of some people.解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容,尤其是第一段和第六段中的“Making things worse are state laws that make
31、 it too easy to opt out(決定不參加)of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten”可知,麻疹死灰復(fù)燃的主要原因是一些人不參加疫苗接種。故選D。What is the purpose of the passage?_C_ATo introduce the idea of exemption. BTo discuss methods to cure measles.CTo stress the importance of vaccination. DTo
32、 appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.解析:考查寫作意圖。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Everyone enjoy the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide,but theyll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks”并結(jié)合文中所述的麻疹死灰復(fù)燃的事實可知,作者的目的是強調(diào)麻疹疫苗接種的重要性。故選C。(2017浙江,C)FLORENCE, ItalySvetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has li
33、ved here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control
34、a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integ
35、ration(融合). Others say its only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this
36、will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italys then 56.7 million people, or abo
37、ut 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants children accounting for an even larger percentage of births in Italy.Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residen
38、ce(居住權(quán)) would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider, even though shes stayed in th
39、e country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.文章大意:本文是一篇議論文??萍s卡魯在意大利佛羅倫薩打工已經(jīng)七年了,但為了繼續(xù)待在這里她不得不通過考試來證明自己的語言技能近幾年意大利的外來移民越來越多,政府認為讓外來移民參加語言考試,是為了幫助他們更好地融入社會,促進文化交流,而一些移民感覺這一舉措讓自己受到了傷害。Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?_A_ATo continue to stay in Italy. B.To teach h
40、er children Italian.CTo find a better job in Italy. D.To better mix with the Italians.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句話中的but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by taking a test可知,為了能繼續(xù)留在意大利,科約卡魯需要參加語言測試來證明她的語言技能。故選A。Some people worry that the new language requirement may _B_.Areduce Italys po
41、pulation quickly B.cause conflicts among peopleClead to financial difficulties D.put pressure on schools解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話中的such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration可以看出,有的移民擔心對移民的語言測試和要求可能會導(dǎo)致各民族間的偏執(zhí)而非融合,故選B項“在人們之間引起沖突”。What do we know about Cojochru?_C_AShe lives w
42、ith her sister now in Italy.BShe enjoys learning the Italian language.DShe speaks Italian well enough for her job.CShe wishes to go back to her home country.解析:考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently可以看出,科約卡魯?shù)囊獯罄Z說得足夠流利,這讓她能夠勝任她的工作,故選C
43、項。題組二(2017北京,A)It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighthgrader Taylor Bisbee shivered(發(fā)抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play.
44、The two didnt know each other wellTaylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Pariss eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.” It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical
45、care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?” CPR is a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain
46、 is damaged quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylo
47、r.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Pariss heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says no
48、w. “Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nu
49、rse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”文章大意:這是一篇記敘文。文中講述了壘球隊中的女隊員Paris在打球過程中突發(fā)心力衰竭,隊友Taylor對她進行了緊急心肺復(fù)蘇,Paris最后恢復(fù)了心跳的故事。Taylor勇敢、冷靜,用所學(xué)的急救知識救助他人。What happened to Paris on a March day?_B_AShe caught a bad cold.BShe had a sudd
50、en heart problem.CShe was knocked down by a ball.DShe shivered terribly during practice.解析:考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“It certainly was.Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure”可知,Paris突發(fā)心力衰竭。故選B。Why does Paris say she was lucky?_C_AShe made a worthy friend.BShe recovered from shock.CShe received immediate CPR.
51、DShe came back on the softball team.解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段在隊友和學(xué)校護士的幫助下Paris的心跳恢復(fù)了(Pariss heartbeat returned)以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“For a sudden heart failure,the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR
52、 quickly”可知,Paris得到了及時的心肺復(fù)蘇(CPR)救助。故選C。Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?_B_AEnthusiastic and kind.BCourageous and calm.CCooperative and generous.DAmbitious and professional.解析:考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.It was scary.
53、I knew it was the difference between life and death,says Taylor”和第六段中的“Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down”可知,Taylor是一位勇敢、冷靜的女孩。面對緊急情況,她不慌不亂,用所學(xué)的急救知識迅速幫助他人,并用自己的舉動感染隊友,讓她們鎮(zhèn)靜下來參與救助。故選B。(2017全國,B)I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and t
54、he Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me. I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the e
55、xperience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技藝)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the q
56、ualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen.We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put s
57、omething backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly, but sharing _that_ brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago. Hed
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