職場英語模塊二

1、UNIT 4 Decent DiplomacyIn this unit you will learn about:ILead-In 各國人外交特點2.Authentic Practice 贈送禮物3Cultural Window 見面方式4Writing Practice 正式用語與非正式用語5Take It Home 介紹與作答，禮貌用語I.LEAD-IN In the communication with other people, knowing the people you are to meet is the first step to set up good relationshi

2、p between you. Getting to know some characteristics and customs of your future partner will help you behave decently and understand them well.Match Work. Do you know the personal traits of the foreigners you are going to work with? What kind of persons they are?Study the following words to describe

3、different personalities and characteristics of persons. Then choose the expressions from the box to match people fromdifferent countries.casual kind open-minded approachablepolite self-esteem sociable liberalunconstrained graceful enthusiastic courteousbrave conservative refined straighthumorous . r

4、omantic punctual keep to strict disciplines frank 2. Discussion Do you know the personalities and characteristics of any other people?Write down what you know. As you heard in the above listening material, presenting or exchanging gifts occurs in the communication with foreign people. Read the follo

5、wing article anddo the exercises after it. GiftsIt is absolutely unnecessary to bring a gift when invited to dinner, but if you want to do so it should be a small, inexpensive item. You might bring some sweets, or some small toys for the children, or something from China. Here are some suggestions:

6、a paper-cut is a lovely gift (one is fine, not a whole package) ; if you want to make it even fancier, you can buy a very inexpensive frame in the local five-and-ten and frame it.Chinese tea is a wonderful gift; its true that Chines8 tea is availabie in the United States, but the fact that you chose

7、 it and brought it with you from China makes it very special. Chinese book marks are very lovely gifts, and if you want to buy a set of Chinese paintings which you admire, you might give oneof them as a gift. One of the nicest things you can do Is to cook some typical Chinese dish and bring it with

8、you. Again, however, a gift is not necessary, and if you come with a group of scholars or students, one small token (象征性；的) gift from all of you ( rather than each of you) is entirely satisfactoryWhen you get in touch with people from different countries, you may find that customs vary in the ways t

9、o meet people. Knowing these ways may help you behave properly in the required situation. The following article tells you about one of the western traditions of meeting people - tipping ones hat. Read it and do the exercises after it. Tipping Ones Hat Few Americans tip their hats today, partly becau

10、se etiquette has loosened and partly because they dont wear hats. Until the 1950s, however, men commonly tipped their hats to women, and removed them entirely indoors and in elevators. (In 1949, the first known guidelines for elevator etiquette were issued: men were told to leave their hats on becau

11、se too many women were complaining of knocks on their heads when men saluted in crowds. ) But in the 18th century it was not considered bad manners to wear their hats Indoors. Aman would take it off to greet a lady, but then he would put it right back on his head. The reason for doing so is perfectl

12、y plain. In the first place, the hat served as a badge of rank through most of the history, a visible mark of status. This tradition may have its roots in Roman times. In ancient Rome, a head covering was a symbol of social or political superiority. In the secondplace, one could not draw a sword eas

13、ily if he was holding the hat in his hand.Just as covering the head symbolized dominance, so uncovering it symbolized submission. Ever since the early Middle Ages, to remove ones hat-whether it was made cjf cloth or metai-has signified obedience. The original sense of the custom is mirrored in the e

14、xpressions with hat in hand(which means showing excessive respect, and too eager to obey and serve,) and I take my hat off to him (which means I express my Admiration for him ) . 1. True or False .Based on the information in the text, judge whether the following statements are true or false.-1) Befo

15、re the 1950s, American men removed their hats anytime when they greeted women.- 2) Nowadays, few Americans tip their hats to women in elevators because too many women complain of knocks on their heads when men salute in crowds._3)According to the article, the hat has served as a badge of social stat

16、us through most of the history._4)Tipping ones hats has a hint of submission or obedience.-5) It can be inferred from the article that in the past Americans attached more importance to etiquette than at present. *2. Blank Filling More than tipping their hats, nowadays, there are also other ways to g

17、reet a stranger or an acquaintance, such as shaking hands, hugging/embracing, kissing faces and kissing hands. Do you know which ways are adopted when these people meet each other? Put the right ways on the linesQuiz-Business EtiquetteSocial antl business etiquette can be tricky, and taking the righ

18、t action can make big difference. Take this quiz and see how you get along in the following business situations.1) Youre entering a cab with an important client. You position yourself so the client is seated curbside. Is this correct?a. Yes. b. No. 2) Youre talking with a group of four people. Do yo

19、u make eye contact with: a.just the person to whom youre speaking at the moment? b. each of the four, moving your eye contact from one to another? c. no one particular person ( not looking directly into anyones eyes) ? 3) When you greet a visitor in your office, do you: a. say nothing and let her si

20、t where she wishes? b. tell her where to sit? c. say Just sit anywhere.4) Youre scheduled to meet a business associate for working lunch and you arrive a few minutes early to find a suitable table. 30 minutes later your associate still hasnt arrived. Do you: a. order your lunch and eat? b. continue

21、waiting and fuming that your associate isnt there? c. tell the head waiter you re not staying and give him your card with instructions to present it to your associate to prove you were there? d. call your associate after 15 rpinutes ?5) Youve forgotten a lunch with a business associate. You feel ter

22、rible and know hes furious. Do you: a. write a letter of apology? b. send flowers? c. keep quiet and hope he forgets about it?d. call and set up another appointment?0 2. Reading . Read the following dialogues between a boy and a girl. Do you understand the humor in them?Boy: May I hold your hand? Gi

23、rl: No thanks, it isnt heavy. Boy: Can I buy you a drink? Girl: Actually ld rather have the money. Boy: Is this seat empty? Girl: Yes, and this one will be if you sit down. Boy: Havent I seen you some place before? Girl: Yes. Thats why I wont go there anymore. Boy: ld like to call you. Your number?G

24、irl: lts in the phone book.Boy: Hi, didnt we go on dates before? Once or twice?Girl: Mustve been once. I never make the same mistake twice.Girl: If we become engaged, will you give me a ring?Boy: Sure, whats your telephone number?Girl: I think the poorest people are the happiest.Boy: Then marry me a

25、nd weII be the happiest couple.Unit 5 MealsIn this unit you will learn about:1與飲食有關的一些詞匯2家中用中餐；在餐館點西餐3、 點餐和用餐；食物的味道和營養(yǎng)4 西餐的特點和用餐禮儀5、 寫邀請函和回復邀請6 飲食禁忌；電話訂餐；寫邀請函 Meals are not only the necessity for daily life and work, but also a perfect time for socializing. Coworkers can discuss their work or talk a

26、bout something else in a relaxing way. And restaurants are ideal places to know your business partners and to establish the essential mutual trust.1. Classification Here are some common words used in meals. Please put them into different categories. One has been done as an examination apple pie baco

27、n blueberry bourbon 波旁 brandybroccoli 西蘭花 brownie布朗尼（）是美國一種很普通的家庭點心，口感介于餅干和蛋糕之間，比蛋糕干硬但又比巧克力曲奇餅干濕軟 carrot celery champagnecheese cake grape lettuce ice cream lobster n. 龍蝦 mango martini n. 馬提尼（一種雞尾酒，等于Martini） 馬天尼 餐前酒類雞尾酒包括所有干混合飲料，（即不含或少含甜味材料的雞尾酒）在餐前飲用，以促進食欲，馬天尼（Martini）或曼哈頓（Manhattan）是比較有名的餐前酒mushro

28、om mutton onion peach洋蔥桃 Products : laver , peach can , ginger , fresh burdock , taro , potato , carrot , onion , frozen garlic sprout . 主要產(chǎn)品：紫菜、黃桃罐頭、姜、鮮牛蒡、新芋頭、土豆、胡蘿卜、洋蔥、蒜薹。 pineapple pudding salmon n. 鮭魚；大馬哈魚 sausage scotch spinach蘇格蘭菠菜 steak strawberry sunday tequila 龍舌蘭酒（Tequila）是墨西哥的國酒，她不僅是墨西哥的經(jīng)

29、濟支柱背后也有著其悠久的文化，而她更又令世界各地許多人為之瘋狂與著迷的 tiramisu n. 意大利式甜點 提拉米蘇 馬斯卡朋妮乳酪也是一種用牛乳做成的新鮮乳酪，乳脂含量高達60-90%，是義大利最有名的甜味乳酪，提拉米蘇（Tiramisu）就是用馬斯卡朋妮乳酪，加上蛋、砂糖等，混合攪拌發(fā)泡變成慕思，層層疊上浸過咖啡酒的手指餅乾，上頭覆蓋可可粉。 turkey vodka n. 伏特加酒 watermelon2. Follow-on Questions .Share with our partner your ideas on these questions.1) What is your

30、favorite food? What kind of meal do you often go forChinese or Western? :2)Are there many foreign restaurants in the city where you Iive? Are they popular?3) Where do you usually eat with your colleagues? And where do you generaily take your foreign clients for meals?With more and more Chinese trave

31、ling abroad and more westerners coming to China, the Chinese are getting to know the western ways of cooking. Some have found the cuisine quite delicious, some are learning to appreciate it, and some still have a hard time getting accustomed to it. Lack of basic knowledge about western food is often

32、 a barrier in inter-cultural communication. Read the following passages.1. Intercultural Difference: Food (1) , There are a lot of types of Western food. For example, ltalian cuisine(itself really a family of cuisine) with its emphasis on pastas （意大利面食） and sauces, on olive oil, garlic, tomatoes and

33、 fresh produce, is very different from Polish food, with its stews燉湯 and preserved vegetables. Nonetheless, the different cuisines have some things in common. One is that, across all the major cuisines, there is a fairly strong association between types of food and when they are eaten. Thus, for exa

34、mple, eggs are usually eaten for breakfast or perhaps brunch, sweet foods are usually for breakfast or dessert, etc. Conversely, breakfast might consist of coffee, cake, cereal and fresh fruit, which would be an unlikely combination for lunch or dinner.From the Western point of view, the most distin

35、guishing thing about a regular Chinese meal is how it is served and eaten. Everything is eaten communally 公有地, except for the rice and soup, with people often using their personal chopsticks to take food from the communal plates. With the exceptions of soup and the fruit at the end, everything is se

36、rved together or at least as they are ready. The net effect is a meal where everyone has a portion of rice and shares the other dishes, which are eaten in any order. By contrast, in a Western meal, everyoneeats separately and there is a clear order in which the courses are served. Although this can

37、vary, it is generally salad or some other appetizer開胃食品n. 開胃物，開胃食品whet , soup, and a main course主菜, perhaps followed by dessert. Each course is served separately, and the next course is served only when the previous one has been cleared. Everything may be served in a plate, which is complete to the

38、table from the kitchen. A typical meal may have some elements of each. In any case, you may only use the serving utensil is which are provided, never your own utensils用具, which is why some Westerners have trouble getting used to the idea of eating from a dish which has been touched by everyones chop

39、sticks. Either way, the food is cut so that you can get your individual portion fairly easily, but it may require further cutting on your plate. For most foods, only children, the ill and the elderly get their food precut; to give anyone else precut food would be to insult them.Share with your partn

40、er about your ideas on these questions. How many types of Western food have you ever eaten? Do you enjoy them? Share vour exoerience with each other.2. Intercultural Difference: Food (2) There are other differences. In a Chinese meal, it is acceptable to bend over俯身your food, and many people bring t

41、heir soup or rice bowl to their lips. In a Western meal, however, this is considered sloppy 草率的. You should sit up straight, with your arms held near your body, keep the plate or bowl flat on the table and bring the food to your mouth with your utensil. You may lean forward slightly as long as you a

42、re not slouching懶散的or resting your elbows on the table.Thus, for example, dip your spoon into the soup, moving it away from your body, until it is about two-third full. Then sip the liquid from the side of the spoon without putting the bowl of the spoon into your mouth. By no means should you lift t

43、he bowl to your mouth. The Chinese method of cooling thesoup loy sipping抿；小口喝 from the spoon while breathing in makes a slurping 出聲地吃或喝sound that is considered rude. When finishing the bowling, you can tilt傾斜；it away from you slightly to get the last spoonful. : In a Chinese meal, it is acceptable t

44、o reach across the table. By contrast, in a Western style meal, you should ask for things to be passed if they are not within easy arms reach. If someone asks you to pass something to them, and they are not sitting next or opposite to you, pass to someone who is close enough; he or she should then p

45、ass the item on until it reaches the person who asked for it. No one should take any until the person who asked for it has. Generally speaking, there should be little contact between your hands and mouth. Among other things, using a toothpick牙簽in public is not considered appropriate, even if you cov

46、er your mouth. And with the exception of fish bones, which may be taken out with fingers, anything else that has to come out of your mouth should be spat吐口水into a tissue紙巾or napkin. However, there are certain foods considered to be acceptable to eat with your hands, except in the most formal situati

47、ons. Bread should be broken by hand, not cut with a knife, unless it is presliced. Cookies and petit fours小蛋糕may be eaten with your fingers.Fast food, Iike hamburgers,pizza and French fries,should be eaten with your hands unless that would be too messy凌亂的. Small items like olives, pickled cucumbers醬

48、黃瓜,nuts and chips can be eaten with your fingers. Enclosed sandwich that is not too big to fit in your mouth convieniently should be picked up and eaten. Otherwise, use a knife and fork , Small fruits like strawberries or grapes can be eaten with your fingers. Very small fruits, like blueberness, ho

49、wever, should be eaten with spoon. Share with your partner about your ideas on these questions. How are Chinese table etiquettes different from the Western ones? Have you ever tried any other ethnic cuisine, such as Japanese food, Korean food, Indian food, or Thai food? Are there any differences in

50、table manners?Invitation is a frequent activity in inter-organization communications. People extend or get invitations to such occasions as business openings, anniversary celebrations, dinner parties, etc. A formal letter of invitation will be necessary. In this part, you will learn about how to wri

51、te invitation letters and how to respond. 1. Writing an Invitation ,Look at the dinner invitation and discuss with your partners to identify their style and structure. Are they formal or informal？ExampleMr. & Mrs. Jeffery Zhang request the pleasure ofMr. and Mrs. Eddie Smiths .company to dinner., .

52、. . on Saturday, May 18th,at 7 p. min Gingko Restaurant RS VPNotes:lnvitation letters can be casual or informal. 2. Accepting an Invitation.3。Declining an Invitation.4. Review of Writing .Work with your partner and summarize the necessary information that should be covered in an invitation by follow

53、ing the pattern given bellow. An invitation letter usually contains the following items: 1 ) Who is/are invited? 2)What is the occasion? 3) When is the occasion? 4) Where is the occasion?5)Who is the host/hostess1. Reading.Please read the following article and choose True or False for thestatements.

54、 Eating TaboosPeople always have different ideas about what food tastes good or not. Therefore, people from one culture may find it nasty or even disgusting whatever is considered a delicacy in another culture. For instance, many people will think eating rat meat as a kind of displeasure. Yet in abo

55、ut 42 cultures people take rat meat as regular food. And some Europeans maintain that termites as are nutritious enough for food because of the rich proteincontained: However, tastes for good food are not necessarily related to nutrition. For example, broccoli ranks first in nutrition among the comm

56、on vegetables but twenty-first among the Americans favorite vegetables. And tomato, by contrast, comes sixteen in nutrition among the common vegetables but tops as among the Americans favorite vegetables Dislike is not the only reason why people enjoy a certain food Some food, in some culture， turns out to be a taboo. For example, ox is considered to be saint in Indian: and thus nobody will kill an ox or cow not to mention taking beef as food. However, the Muslims eat beef while pork remains a t