高三英語定語從句全面復(fù)習(xí)講解與練習(xí)課件+新課標(biāo)+人教版.ppt

1、The Attributive Clause 定語從句全面復(fù)習(xí)講解與練習(xí),定語從句復(fù)習(xí),定語從句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定語從句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句,限制性定語從句的構(gòu)成,The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory

2、where my father works.,關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞,先行詞 之后,用陳述式語序,“.的”,關(guān)系詞,1.從句位置及語序:,2.翻譯方法:,3.構(gòu)成,先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系,1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home.,the machin

3、e = that,the boy =who,the boys =whose,in the school = where,關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指,關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格,關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì),the ma

4、chine,a machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì),a machine,that /which,關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì),Join the following sentences: The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.,her,The lady,we saw yesterday is Green,Who/that,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時(shí)可以省略？,做賓語時(shí)可以

5、省略,三、關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí),1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.,The eggs (that/which)

6、 I bought them were not fresh.,The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.,He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.,The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.,I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.,關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系,I still rememb

7、er the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak.,on the day =when,in the house= where,for the reasons =why,in the way =that,關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞先行詞,whose 在定語從句中作定語，表示引導(dǎo)詞與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose多指人，也可指物

8、，指物時(shí)可與 of which互換使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. This is the book the cover of which is blue.,The boss of the company told the story about Ms King. His name was Mr Little.,His,The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his departme

9、nt.,his,難用的 whose,The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose =the students,關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格,難用的 whose,The house is mine. The window of the house is broke

10、n.,Join the following pair of sentences.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,whose 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。,表示所屬關(guān)系。,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows ti the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20

11、 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,非限制性定語從句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with th

12、e students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修飾限定,補(bǔ)充解釋,不能,能,.的,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,分析兩種定語從句省略后的結(jié)果,限制性定語從句省略后主語所指就不明確， 所以不能省略,限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

13、：,限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。,非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句， 寫時(shí)往往逗號(hào)分開。,The watch that I bought yesterday works well. Shakespeare, whose plays are very popular, was a great writer.,His son who is a doctor is now visiting the USA. His son,

14、 who is a doctor, is now visiting the USA.,限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句：,非限制性定語從句和單句的比較,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am read

15、ing Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we pl

16、anned/ as we expected,定語從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,as 與which的區(qū)別,1.固定句型： The same .as ; such. as I shall do it in the same way as you did. I want to buy such a book as you have. 2.說明整個(gè)句子，可放在主句前 As we all know=As is known to all, he studies hard. As is said above, . As is often the case,. As is reported in the newsp

17、aper,.,He is often late, which / as is not surprising. He failed in the exam, which made his mother very angry. His dog died, which made him very sad.,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 (1),This is the same pen as I lost. This is the same pen that I lost.,Please compare:,這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。,這本書就是我丟的那本。,as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 (2),Thi

18、s is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句),這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從

19、句),介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city

20、 that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可見,who、that 不能用與介詞之后,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 3,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短語中介詞不能提前,下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?,注意：如何判斷介詞,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed impo

21、rtant to him. He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .,1、看定語從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配,for,on,2、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities

22、 dolphins are expert.,with,in,3、根據(jù)先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞 搭配,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women. The book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written i

23、n 1930s. There are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of +which/whom,特殊情況,I dont like the way _he speaks to me. This is the first time_I have been here.,that / 省,that /

24、 省,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 練習(xí),on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,6. There is a ta

25、ll tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadn

26、t been cleaned for at least a year.,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,關(guān)系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用that。,All _ can be done has been done. Do you have anything _ you dont understand ? There is little _ can be believed about it . The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.,that,that,

27、that,that,1.先行詞是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。,Ive read all the books _ you lent me. No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory. Please send us any information _ you have about the subject. He is the only person _ was present at the time.,that,that,t

28、hat,that,2.先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。,Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen. This is the best TV _ is made in China. The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,that,3.先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that 。,This is the

29、first/second/last book (that) he has read.,The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.,that,that,4.先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用that .,5.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語，或先行詞指物且在主句中作表語.,My hometown is no

30、longer the place that it used to be.,He didnt become the kind of person that his father wanted him to be.,It is a song that is very popular.,It s a book that will help you a lot.,Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ? Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?,that,that,6.Who做先行詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句用th

31、at 。, 不管先行詞是人還是物,只用that的兩種情況:,Which is the subject (that) you are going to learn next term?,Who is the man that came to see you just now?,2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)： He is no longer the man (that) he used to be.,1. 由which和who開頭的問句中避免重復(fù),三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情況,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his pa

32、rents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.,which,which,who,whom,在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has

33、 been stolen. This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,which,在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。,在下列情況指人只能用 who 而不用that One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. The ones who are often late should be punished D

34、ont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized. Anyone who breaks the law is punished. 1.先行詞是one / ones / anyone 時(shí)要用who,Those who break the law are punished. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. He who has not bee

35、n to the Great Wall is not a true man. He who laughs last laughs best. He who breaks the law is punished. 2.先行詞為 those, he 時(shí)用 “who”而不用 “that”.,在非限制性定語從句中,只能用which 做關(guān)系代詞的情況,在介詞后面,下列情況只能用which,His dog, which was very old now, became ill and died. Which is the car, the owner of which you know? 1.非限定性的定

36、語從句 2.介詞后面,關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的用法,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army. Ill never forget the factory where my father worked. Tell me the reason why you came late.,=on which,=in which,=for which,Where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。,先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或含有地點(diǎn)意義的抽象名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句做狀語。,This is the town where (= in which ) I spe

37、nt my childhood. The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one. Ill show you the paint where you failed.,When 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。,先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，用when引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句作狀語。,Ill never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you. This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Bijing . We will put off the outin

38、g until next week, when we wont be busy.,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。,先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用引導(dǎo)定語從句。從句作狀語。,This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.,The reason _ she gave was not true.,whichthat,注意 2,區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和狀語從句,Where前面有被修飾的地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。,When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spo

39、t where you have any questions. When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.,區(qū)別于其它從句,Make a mark where you have any questions. Make a mark at the place where you have any questions. Put the note where it can easily be found. Put the note at the place where it can ea

40、sily be found. This is where I was born.(表語從句) This is the place where I was born.,注意 1,若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。,The library _ students often study was on fire last night. The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing. The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,where,which,

41、which,注意,若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I sent on campus. Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.,when,whichthat,whichthat,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent

42、together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,難點(diǎn)解析：幾種易混的情況,及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞,This is the day_I met him. Thi

43、s is the day_I will never forget. This is the day_we spent together. This is the place_I lived last year. This is the place _ I was born. This is the place_I visited last year.,when / on which,( that / which),(that / which),where / in which,where / in which,(that / which),The reason_ he gave me is n

44、ot reasonable. The reason_ he is late is reasonable.,(that / which),why / for which,難點(diǎn)解析：易混情況之含有定語從句的疑問句,Is this house _ you lived in last year? A.where B.that C which D.the one Is this the house_you lived in last year? A.where B.that C.in which D.the one,D,B,1.He did all / everything _he could to h

45、elp me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which

46、 is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,Exercises that , which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that , which ,whose, whom or who?,9.Is there anything else _ you want to say? 10.Any person _ has the money can join the group. 11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made oth

47、ers upset. 12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy. 13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.,that,that,which,which,whom,whose,This is the teacher _ teaches us maths. She is the girl _ I met at the party. The money _ is in the wal

48、let is mine. The money _ my mother gave me yesterday has been stolen. This is the house _ my sister lives in.,that / which,(that / which),(that / which),(who/whom/that),who/that,用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”填空 1.This is the room_ _they once lived. 2.Ill never forget the day_ _ I joined the army. 3.This is the reason_

49、_ I failed. 4.The pencil_ _he wrote was broken. 5.She has three children, all_ _ are at school.,in which,on which,for which,with which,of whom,6.China has a lot of famous writers, one_ _is Lu Xun. 7.He has lost the key to the box _ _the papers are kept. 8.My glasses,_ _I was like blind man, fell to

50、the ground and broke. 9.The age_ _children can go to school is seven. 10.His bike_ _ he went to work was stolen last night.,of whom,in which,without which,at which,on which,四、關(guān)系代詞與介詞,1.This is the factory_I once worked. 2.The house_he spent 100,000 yuan is very beautiful. 3.The house_he paid 100,000

51、 yuan is very beautiful. 4.This is the hero_we are proud. 5.I cant find the very pen_I wrote that letter.,in which,on which,for which,of whom,with which,6.I dont know the student _ Tom quarreled yesterday. 7.I dont know the thing _Tom and Mary quarreled yesterday. 8.This is the hotel _ you will stay

52、.,with whom,about which,in which,9.She is the girl _ I went there.,10.This is the house _ my sister lives,with whom,in which,I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once l

53、ived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇,Is this the factory _ we visited last week? Is this factory _ we visited last week? Is this the factory _ his father works?,(that/which ),the one (that),where,The reason _he was late was that his mother was ill .,The reaso

54、n _he gave for his being late was that his mother was ill .,(that/which),why, 介詞加關(guān)系代詞的基本用法,The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster. The room _ my family live used to be a garage. Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now? Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter? Did you find the compos

55、ition _ I wrote just now?,with whom,in which,with which,on which,(which/that),I will never forget the day. I first went to school on the day. I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. (比較) I will never forget the year _ I first went to school.,when,on which,when/in which,Last week we visited the factory. My brother works in it.,Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works. Last week we visited the f