7月全國英語閱讀(一)自考試題及答案解析

1、精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦全國 2018 年 7 月高等教育自學(xué)考試英語閱讀 (一 )試題課程代碼： 00595請將答案填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上 . Vocabulary. (10%)Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write the word on the Answer Sheet.1. (inferior)Having realized her bodily _ to her cousins, Jane Eyre dreaded coming home

2、.2. (stir)His _ speech encouraged us to study even harder.3. (propose)Shall we discuss the intention book _last week.4. (sympathy)I know you feel angry, and I _ you.5. (conspicuous)The shy girl tried to make herself as _ as possible.6. (dignify)Our English teacher is a _ lady.7. (agree)Smile at me,

3、and stop being so_.8. (caution)She opened the door _so as not to wake the bady.9. (commit)He has a lot of _for he has agreed to pay his brother s school expenses.10. (exasperate)The _ noise upstairs made me upset. . Text Comprehension. (20%)According to the texts you have learned, decide whether eac

4、h of the following statementsis true or false. Write T or F on the Answer Sheet.1.In No Marriage , No Apologies , families and households are the same concepts.2.In The Decameron, Filomenas story was concerned with the people in the royal palace.3.According to Bringing up Children, an adult s charac

5、ter is in a great measure decided by hischildhood experiences.4.In A Day sWait, what led the boy to think that he was going to die was that he mistook theFahrenheit scale for the Celsius one.5.In How to Live Like a Millionaire, according to the author, marriage is one of the importantfactors in buil

6、ding wealth.6.In Rip Van Winkle , Rip had formed the habit of being agreeable to all bythinking highly ofeveryone except his wife.7. In The Lady or the Tiger, the king was cruel and had none of the grace and polish of his neighbors.8. In New Applications , the bank manager, AI Gropin, was such an ex

7、travagant person that he was not accepted by many people in the town.9. According to The World at War, Britain favored the camp of Germany because France threatened her interests in Africa and Russia threatened her Indian border.1精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦10. According to The Story of the Bible , the face of nature

8、 was a formless mass in darkness in the beginning.11. According to Stories from Greek Myths, Prometheus had never rebelled against Zeussupremacy; his only crime was to help mortal men to raise themselves above all animals.12.In Bricks from the Tower of the Babel , the author does not agree that Inte

9、rnational languagescan make successful translations of fictions.13.According to What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot , in early courtship bothman and woman are behaving awkwardly, often very uncertain as to what is best to say.14. In The Girls in Their Summer Dresses , Frances said,“ Lo

10、ok out you ll break your neck. ” She said so to warn her husband of the danger in the street.15. In True Love, Joes task is to search for the ideal woman for himself.16. In Jane Eyre, Mrs. Reed didn tallow Jane to join the company of her son and daughters.17. According to The Merchant of Venice, man

11、y noble and princely suitors wished to marry Portia because she inherited a large sum of money from her father who had died recently.18. In The canterbury Tales , the three young men forgot their attempt to find out and kill Death when they caught a glance of great number of gold pieces on the groun

12、d.19. In The Necklace, the heroine was pretty and charming, but she was unfortunately born into a family of a factory worker.20. According toHow Gorge, Once upon a Time, Got up Early in the Morning,Gorge s watchwent wrong one evening and stopped at a quarter past eight because he hung it up over his

13、 pillow without ever looking at it. . Reading Comprehension. (50%)Section A: Reading ComprehensionIn this part there are 4 reading passages followed by20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 options marked A,B,C, and D, you should decide on the best one and write your ans

14、wer on the Answer Sheet. (40%)Passage 1Telecommuting substituting the computer for the trip to the job has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For m

15、anagement, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility, in some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governmen

16、ts are encouraging companies-to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities an

17、d popular images.Manyworkersare seduced by rosy illusionsoflifeas a telecommuter. A computer2精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes into his office three days a week and works at home the o

18、ther two. An accountant stays at home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to co

19、ncentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done. Management, too, must separate the m

20、yth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement.That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of compan

21、ies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.1. What is the main subject of the passage? A. Business management policiesB. Driving to workC. Extending the workplace by means of computersD. Computers for child-care purposes2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem f

22、or office employees? A. Being restricted to the officeB. Incurring expenses for lunches and clothing C. Taking care of sick childrenD. Driving in heavy traffic3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting?A. Employees lateness for w

23、orkB. Employees absence from workC. Employees need for time alone to work intensivelyD. Employees conflicts with second jobs4. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting? A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.B. Computer t

24、echnology is not advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation. C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.5. Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?A. A scientist in a l

25、aboratory developing plans for a space stationB. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at homeC. A computer technician repairing an office computer network3精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦D. A teacher directing computerassisted learning, in a private schoolPassage 2No sooner had the first intrepid mal

26、e aviators safely returned to Earth than itseemed thatwomen, too, had been smittenby an urge to fly. Frommere spectators they became willingpassengers and finally pilots intheir ownright, plottingtheir skills and daring line against thehazards of the air and the skepticism of theirmale counterparts.

27、 In doing so, theyenlarged thetraditional bounds of a women s world,won for theirsex a new sense of competence andachievement, and contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.But recognition of their abilities did not come easily.“Men do not believe us capable. ”thefamed aviator Amelia Earhar

28、t once remarked to a friend. “ Because we are women, seldom are we trusted to do an efficient job. ”Indeed old attitudes died hard: when Charles Lindbergh visited theSoviet Union in 1938 with his wife, Anne herself a pilot and gifted proponent of aviation hewas astonished to discover both men and wo

29、men flying in the Soviet Air Force.Such conventional wisdom made it difficultfor women to raise money for the up-to-dateequipment they needed to compete on an equal basis with men. Yet they did compete, and oftenthey triumphed finally despite the odds.Ruth Law, whose 590-mile flight from Chicago to

30、Hornell, New York, set a new nonstopdistance record in 1916, exemplified the resourcefulness and grit demanded of any woman who wanted to fly. And when she addressed the Aero Club of America after completing her historic journey, her plainspoken words testified to a universal human motivation that w

31、as unaffected by gender:“ My flight was done with no expectation of reward, ” she declared, “just purely for the love of accomplishment. ”6. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. A Long FlightB. Women in Aviation HistoryC. Dangers Faced by PilotsD. Women Spectators7. According

32、 to the passage, women pilots were successful in all of the following EXCEPT_.A. challenging the conventional role of womenB. contributing to the science of aviationC. winning universal recognition from menD. building the confidence of women8. What can be inferred from the passage about the United S

33、tates Air Force in 1938? A. It had no women pilots.B. It gave pilots handsome salaries.C. It had old planes that were in need of repair. D. It could not be trusted to do an efficient job.9. In their efforts to compete with men, early women pilots had difficulty in_.A. addressing clubsB. flying nonst

34、op4精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦C. setting recordsD. raising money10. According to the passage, who said that flying was done with no expectation of reward?A. Amelia EarhartB. Charles LindberghC. Anne LindberghD. Ruth LawPassage 3Of all the folk artists in the United States the most well known of the twentieth century

35、 is certainly Grandma Moses-Anna Mary Robertson Moses(1860-1961). She was also the mostsuccessful within her lifetime and her work was reproduced on greeting cards and calendars and in prints. As with many folk artists, her career as a painter started late in life, at the age of 67, but she continue

36、d painting until her death at the age of 101, so her active painting life still spanned over 34 years.Her subjects are based on the New England countryside and evoke a strong mood ofnostalgia. Many of her early paintings are copies of, or use sections from, prints by Currier and Ives that she then r

37、ecomposed in her own way. In her versions the figures became more stylized and the landscapes less naturalistic. Her painting was preceded by the production of landscapes in needlework, and it was only the onset of arthritis that forced the change of medium. The images, however, continued the same,

38、and she reexecuted some of her needlework landscapes in paint at a later date.From these early sources she then began to compose original paintings such as Housick Falls,New York in Winter (1944) that relied on her surroundings and her memories of country life and activities; these paintings display

39、 an increasing technical ability. By the 1940 s her work hadbecome a marketable commodity and collectors created a demand for her paintings.Like many painters of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Grandma Moses made use ofphotographs for information,for figures, for fragments of landscape, and

40、for buildings, but herwork, especially that of her later years, was not a slavish copying of these but compositions usingthem as source material. Her output was prodigious, and consequently her work is of varyingquality. Although much of her public appeal is based on the emotive image of the“Grandma

41、”figure producing naive pictures of country life, her paintings place her among the top folk painters of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.11. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The painting materials used by Grandma MosesB. The major artistic influences on Grandma MosesC. The folk art of

42、 Grandma MosesD. The life of Grandma Moses12. According to the passage, Grandma Moses started her painting career.A. whithout much successB. in her sixtiesC. after much studyD. by producing greeting cards13. Why does the author mention Currier and Ives in lines 8-9?5精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦A. They are folk artist

43、sB. They collected many of Grandma Moses paintingsC. They made calendars from Grandma Moses landscapesD. Grandma Moses based some paintings on their work14. According to the passage, Grandma Moses switched from needlework to painting because of_.A. her desire to create landscapesB. the public s inte

44、rest in paintingC. her need to make moneyD. a physical condition that affected her15. The word “ naive” in line 24 is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. UnsophisticatedB. IgnorantC. UnspoiledD. TrustingPassage 4Before the 1850s the United States had a number of small colleges, most of t

45、hem datingfrom colonial days. They were small, church-connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students.Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient nameof university. In Germany a different kind of university had

46、 developed. The German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between midcenturyand the end of the 1800s, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to bec

47、ome presidents of venerable colleges Harvard, Yale, Columbia and transform them into modern universities. The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and ha

48、d a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on, and this called for a faculty composed ofteacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by rote were replaced by the German method of lecturing,in which the professor s own resea

49、rch was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph.D, an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment, wasintroduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to question,analyze, and conduct their own research.At the

50、 same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breakingcompletely out of the old, constricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system, by which students were able to choosetheir own courses of stu

51、dy.The notion of major fieldsof study emerged. The new goal was tomake the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society, the new universities trained men and women to work at its tasks, with engineering students being the most characteris

52、tic of the new regime. Students were also trained as economists, architects, agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers.6精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦16.The word “ this” in line 14 refers to which of the following?A. Creating and passing on knowledgeB. Drilling and learning by roteC. Disciplining studentsD

53、. Developing moral principles17.According to the passage, the seminar system encouraged students to.A. discuss moral issuesB. study the classics, rhetoric, and musicC. study overseasD. work more independently18.The word “ constricted” in line 21 is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. Man

54、datoryB. LimitedC. ChallengingD. Competitive19. It can be inferred from the passage that before 1850, all of the following were characteristic of higher education EXCEPT_.A. the elective systemB. drillingC. strict disciplineD. rote learning20. Those who favored the new university would be most likel

55、y to agree with which of the following statements?A. Learning is best achieved through discipline and drill.B. Shaping the moral character of students should be the primary goal.C. Higher education should prepare students to contribute to society.D. Teachers should select their studentscourses.Section B: Skimming and ScanningIn this part there are 2 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For