人教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)及習(xí)題

1、Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?一、書本重要語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)梳理go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營(yíng)quite a few相當(dāng)多 study for為而學(xué)習(xí) go out出去 most of the time大部分時(shí)間taste good嘗起來(lái)很好吃 have a good time玩得高興 of course當(dāng)然 feel like給的感覺(jué)；感受到go shopp

2、ing去購(gòu)物 in the past在過(guò)去 walk around四處走走 because of因?yàn)閛ne bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on繼續(xù) take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出來(lái) buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物taste + adj. 嘗起來(lái) look+adj. 看起來(lái)nothingbut+動(dòng)詞原形 除了之外什么都沒(méi)有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起來(lái)arrive

3、in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) 到達(dá)某地decide to do sth.決定去做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事 try to do sth.盡力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事 forget to do sth.忘記做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.開(kāi)始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事 keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事Why not do. sth.?為什么不做呢？so+adj

4、.+that+從句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事1. on vacation 度假 vacation意為“假期、假日”，相當(dāng)于holiday，但vacation表示長(zhǎng)的假期。如：the long vacation 長(zhǎng)假the summer vacation 暑假the Christmas vacation 圣誕假期而holiday（尤其美國(guó)）指“假日；休息日；休假”。on vacation = on holiday 意為“度假”練習(xí) Where did Mr.Liu go on _ vacation?He went to Sanya.A/

5、 Ba Can Dthe2. anything interesting 一些有趣的東西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代詞。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地點(diǎn)的不定代詞。2）當(dāng)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，放在這些詞的后面；3）這些不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Is e

6、verybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4） something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句及疑問(wèn)句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問(wèn)）Why dont you visit someone with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個(gè)人呢？（表建議）練習(xí) 1.There is in todays newspaper. Lets read a storybook. A. someth

7、ing interesting B. nothing interesting C. interesting something D. interesting nothing2.Did you go fishing with yesterday? Yes, I went with my father.A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone3.Is there _ in the room?_.There is only one old desk.Aanything special；Yes Banything special；NoCspecial any

8、thing；Yes Dspecial anything；No4.There is _ interesting in the movie.Id like to see it again.x k b 1 . c o mAanything BNothing Ceverything Dsomething3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如：My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books.我父母經(jīng)常給我買書。4.提建議的句子：What/ how about +doin

9、g sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?5. long time no see 好久不見(jiàn)6. quite a few 相當(dāng)多 a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)

10、別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者都表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者都表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒(méi)有幾個(gè)朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒(méi)有多少糖。練習(xí)1.I have quite friends. I feel very happy. A. few

11、B. a few C. little D. a little7. most of 的大多數(shù) 如：most of the time 大多數(shù)時(shí)間練習(xí)1.Basketball is popular with boys._ of them like playing it.A Most BFew CMuch DLittle8. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒(méi)有人感到煩悶。 1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來(lái)”，是個(gè)連系動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有： seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to talk in class. 他們似乎上課說(shuō) 話

12、。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎 病了。 It seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似 乎病了。練習(xí)1.Frank，it _ that you like to work with animals.Yes，I like animals very much.Alooks Bseems Csounds Dtastes 2） bored 作形容詞，意為“煩悶的；厭倦的”其主語(yǔ)是某人； 而boring 也是形容詞，其主語(yǔ)

13、是某物。 如：My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作業(yè)， 我感到很厭倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring. 整天做作業(yè)有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。 相類似的詞語(yǔ)還有： interested adj. 感興趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 surprised adj. 感到驚奇的 surprising adj. 驚奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲憊的 excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮/激動(dòng)的 amazed 驚訝的 amazing 令

14、人驚訝的練習(xí)1.The book is .I feel .A. boring , boring B. bored , boring C. boring, bored D. bored , bored9. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 牢記： 相同點(diǎn)：都是“到達(dá)“的意思不同點(diǎn)：get to+地點(diǎn)/reach+地點(diǎn) arrive at+小地點(diǎn)（車站等）/arrive in+大地點(diǎn)（國(guó)家等）注意：若他們后面要加地點(diǎn)副詞here,there,home等，則不需要加介詞。練習(xí)1.The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. A.arrived at

15、B. got to C.reach D.arrived 10. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做樂(lè)意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過(guò)得很愉快。 跟它意思相近的詞組還有have a good great time , have fun。練習(xí)1.Do you enjoy_photos? A. to take B.take C.taking D.takes11. decide 意為“決定”，是動(dòng)詞。它的名詞形式為decision。構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有： decid

16、e to do sth. decide on doing sth. 決定做某事 make a decision to do sth.決定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。練習(xí)1.My parents decide_ to the beach this week. A. go B. goes C. to go D. going2.Mike decided _ the museum this Sunday.Avisit BVisits Cvisiting Dto visit

17、12. nothing.but.意為“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒(méi)干。13 . feel like 意為：“有什么感覺(jué)；感受到”，后跟賓語(yǔ)從句。另外，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感覺(jué)我是一只鳥(niǎo)。I feel like eating.我想吃東西。14. because of , because： because of + 名詞/代詞/名詞性短語(yǔ) 如：I had to move beca

18、use of my job. 因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯脑蛭业冒峒摇?because +從句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。練習(xí)1.We have to stay at home _ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. but D. and2.Last Sunday we didnt go out _ the rain.Abecause of BbecauseCin front of Dbefore15. below意為“在.下面”，其反義詞為 above，意為“在.上面”練習(xí)1.The weather

19、was really cold yesterday.Yes.It was five _ zero last night.Aunder BbelowCdown Dbetween16. bring sth.to +地點(diǎn)，意為“帶來(lái)”，其反義詞是take。如：Please bring your book to our school. 請(qǐng)把你的書帶到我們學(xué)校來(lái)。Please take your book to your school. 請(qǐng)把你的書帶到你的學(xué)校去。17.enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物

20、 enough to 足夠去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。She is old enough to go to school. 她夠大去讀書了。18. so that 如此以致于 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，so后面接形容詞、副詞. that 后面跟從句。如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她悲傷得一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。19. taste good 嘗起來(lái)很好吃。taste 系動(dòng)詞用法“嘗起來(lái)”后+形容詞。其他表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞有：feel（覺(jué)得） keep（保持）stay（保持）s

21、eem（好像）look（看來(lái)像）smell（聞起來(lái)）sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)）taste（嘗起來(lái)）系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用I feel sick。 我感到難受。 Keep quiet，please！ 請(qǐng)安靜下來(lái)！The weather stays very hot。天氣非常熱。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聰明。Jim looks like his father。 吉姆長(zhǎng)得像他父親。The fish smells terrible. 這魚聞起來(lái)壞了。That sounds a good idea。 那聽(tīng)起來(lái)是個(gè)好主意。 The soup tastes very delicious。

22、這湯嘗起來(lái)非常香。語(yǔ)法一 復(fù)合不定代詞1、 由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing構(gòu)成不定代詞，成為復(fù)合不定代詞。onebodythingsomesomeonesomebodysomethinganyanyoneanybodyanythingeveryeveryoneeverybodyeverythingnono onenobodynothing2、 用法（1） 復(fù)合不定代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可以用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。Someone is knocking at the door.I dont have anything to say today.Mon

23、ey isnt everything.（2） 復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式修飾時(shí)，形容詞和動(dòng)詞不定式后置。I have something important to tell you.There is nothing wrong with the radio.（3） 復(fù)合不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示單數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單詞形式。Everything begins to grow in spring.（4） some-不定代詞用在肯定句中或者表示請(qǐng)求的一般疑問(wèn)句中；any-不定代詞多用于疑問(wèn)句中否定句中。Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?Wo

24、uld you like something to drink?（5） anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。Anyone can do it.I can do anything for you.鞏固練習(xí)：. I cant hear anything = I can hear _. . There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. . No one _ how to do it. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. knew . Theres _in the newspaper. You

25、 should read it. A. important something B. something boring C. boring something D. something important.二 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞（一）規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成規(guī)則：在動(dòng)詞末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play played 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加-d . 例如，live lived , hope hoped , use used 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加-ed . 例如，study studied , carry

26、carried , worry worried 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，雙寫最后的輔音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop stopped , planplanned （二）不規(guī)則變化1. 沒(méi)有變化，即：與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。例如，cut cut , put put , read read 2. 變化元音，例如，write- wrote , know knew , come came 3. 變化輔音，例如，make made , spend spent , send sent 4. 輔音和元音都變化，例如，leave left , teach taught , think thou

27、ght 5. 其他情況，例如，is was , are were , have had 練習(xí)1.I _( have ) a good time with my family in that city last year.2._Helen often _(go )shopping on Sundays ? 3.Tony _( not finish ) his homework on time yesterday .4._your parents _( buy ) you a gift for your last birthday ?5.my father often _( ride ) his

28、bike to work .6.Where_ you_ lunch? At home. There was no school lunch. A. did, have B. are, having C. will, have D. do , have鞏固練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇1. Did you do _ on your vacation, Alice?A.anything fun B.fun anything C.something fun D.fun something2. Did you go _?A. interesting somewhere B.somewhere interesting C

29、.anywhere interesting D.interesting anywhere3. I went to summer _.A. vacations B.day C.vacation D.camp4. Where did you go _ vacation?A. to B.on C.for D.in5. And _ the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.A. and B.because C.but D.because of6. _ kind girl Jenny is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How

30、 a 7. Did you study _your test?A. on B.at C.for D.in8. I didnt bring back anything from Malaysia. _ at all?A. Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.Everything9. She isnt _to carry the box.A. enough strong B.strong enough C.enough young D.Young enough 10. -Oh, dear, we have_food left.-dont worry. Ill go a

31、nd buy some.A. a few B.a little C.few D.little11._ did you go last weekend?I went to the mountains with my classmates.AHow BWhen CWhere DWho12.Yesterday the boys _ to the park and _ a good time there.Ago；have Bwent；haveCgo；had Dwent；had13.Did you like your vacation?_.It was great.AYes，I was BNo，I wa

32、sntCYes，I did DNo，I didnt14.How was your vacation，Grace?_.I had a wonderful time.AIt is bad BIt was greatCIt was bad DIt is great15.I couldnt do anything but study for the tests during the vacation._.Your parents are too strict(嚴(yán)格的) with youASounds terrible BNo problemCFor sure DGood idea16.How was

33、your vacation? _ . I liked it very much. A. Very bad B. Wonderful C. Im fine D. Have a good time17.What would you like?Wed like two _ and some beef soup.Abowls of rices Bbowl of riceCbowls of rice Dbowl of rices18.I ate a big bowl of noodles five minutes ago.Now Im not _.Atried BhungryCcold Dbusy19.May I use your dictionary，Cindy?_，here you are.ASorry BGreat CThanks DOf course20.Did you learn English by _？No.Mr.Smith taught me.Ayou Byours Cyourself Dyourselves21._ did you go to the beach with?Tom and Jack.AWhere BWhe