情態(tài)動詞guess.ppt

1、Grammar,情態(tài)動詞,非推測性情態(tài)動詞shall, will, must, mustnt, should, would的用法,情態(tài)動詞could, should/ought to, may/might , neednt+ have done 表示假設的用法,情態(tài)動詞must, can/could, may/might, should/ought to表猜測的用法,情態(tài)動詞的一些慣用法,表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法.,肯定的推測 可能的推測 否定的推測 疑問的推測,must,對將來 對現(xiàn)在 對過去,情態(tài)動詞,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. +

2、V. + have done 常見must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,Must +have done 表示對過去已經發(fā)生的行為進行推測，意為“想必/準是/一定作了某事”。,1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term. 到上學期為止我們一定學了有兩千個單詞 。 2.He must have gone

3、to Beijing. 他一定已經去北京了。,can/could+have done表示對過去的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑問句中。,1. Can they have won the basketball match? 他們可能贏了籃球賽嗎？ 2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. 那不可能是格林先生的，他已經去北京了。,could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本來能夠而沒能”，具有婉轉的批評和責備之意。,You could have told me earlier. 你本該早點告訴

4、我的。,should/ought to+have done用于肯定句時，表示“本該做某事而實際上沒做”，用于否定句時，則表示“不該做的事反而做了”。,1.You should have told him a week ago. 你本來應該在一周前告訴他的。,might（不用may）+have done表示“本來可能”，但實際上沒有發(fā)生的事。另外，還可表示“本來應該或可以做某事”之意，含有輕微的責備語氣。,1.You might not have told her. 你本可以不告訴他的。（事實上你告訴他了） 2. You might have come earlier. 你本可以早點來的。（但沒

5、有這樣）,neednt +have done表示做了本來不必去做的事。,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday. 昨天她本不必到火車站去的.（昨天她去了） 2.You neednt have bought it. 你本可不必買它的。 （你買了）,鞏 固 練 習,1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt

6、have eaten 2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning? A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clock C. must have no one t o call her D. should have someone to wake her up 3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to. A.sho

7、uld have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone,B,B,A,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up 5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion,

8、you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have done C. should have done D. could have done,D,C,1.作為情態(tài)動詞用，常用在否定句和疑問句中。,Dare (need) +S +V S + darent (neednt) +V,I darent walk through the forest at night. Dare you walk through the forest at night? You neednt return th

9、e book now. Need he go yesterday?,可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need 、 dare,2.作實義動詞用，常用在肯定句中, 有人稱、時態(tài)、和數(shù)的變化,He needs to go there himself. He has grown up,we dont need to worry about him.,3.Sth (sb) need( want, request)+ doing/ to be done The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned The boy needs sending to the hospital at

10、 once.,句型 時態(tài) 動詞 情態(tài)動詞dare 實義動詞 dare 肯定句 現(xiàn)在時 dare do dare/dares to do 過去時 dare do dared to do 否定句 現(xiàn)在時 darent/dare not do do/does not dare (to) do 過去時 dared not do did not dare (to) do 疑問句 現(xiàn)在時Dare he do? Do you/Does he dare (to) do? 過去時 Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do,2.I wonder how he_that to the tea

11、cher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,D,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. A neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up,D,1.判斷正誤:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,

12、He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Exercises,Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.

13、These dishes need cleaning carefully.,hadbetter(最好),should(應該)與oughtto（應該）均為提建議、闡述觀點的情態(tài)動詞，其后接動詞原形。should比hadbetter語氣強，oughtto語氣最強。一般情況下should與oughtto可通用。 例1：你最好立即去那里。 Youhadbettergothereatonce. 例2：你應該努力工作。 Yououghtto/shouldworkhard.,（一）否定句hadbetter,should,oughtto用于否定句時，否定詞均位于其后，具體形式為：hadbetternotdo,

14、shouldnt/shouldnotdo, oughtnttodo。例1此時你最好別出發(fā)。： Youhadbetternotstartatthistime. 例2：她不應該浪費時間。 Sheoughtnttowastetime.,（二）一般疑問句hadbetter,should,oughtto用于一般疑問句時，分別將had,should,ought提至句首。例1：他最好立即出發(fā)嗎？ Hadhebetterstartearlyatonce? 例2：你應該這么做嗎？ Shouldyoudolikethis? 例3：他應該去那里嗎？ Oughthetogothere?,（三）反意疑問句陳述句謂語動詞

15、含hadbetter,should,oughtto時，反意疑問句為：had,should與ought+主格人稱代詞或hadnt,shouldnt,oughtnt+主格人稱代詞。例1：你最好別回家，是嗎？ Youhadbetternotgohome,hadyou? 例2：你應該認真學習，是嗎？ Youshouldstudyhard,shouldntyou? 例3：你上課不應該講話，是嗎？ Heoughtnttospeakinclass,oughthe?,1The flower is dead. I _ it yesterday. Ashould water Bmust water Cshould have watered Dmustnt have watered 2What time ought I _? Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive 3He _ speak to his mother like th