《兩種特殊句式》PPT課件.ppt

1、1,Chapter 12,兩種特殊句式,2,Analyze 2 Sentence Patterns,1.比較句式 (Comparison) 2.否定句式 (Negation),3,Words of Comparison in Chinese,1.差比副詞更、還、愈、益(發(fā))、甚(于) 2.極比副詞最、至、極、絕、太、特、挺、非常、特別、最為、頂 3.差比形容詞次(于)、優(yōu)(于) 4.比較動詞比、像、似、好比、勝過、超過、賽過、強于、等于、相當于、不如 5.比較結構跟(和/與/同)一樣(差不多)、就像(跟/和)一樣(似的)、有那么/這么、比(更/還)、與其寧可、為最,4,Words of Com

2、parison in English,1.異根形式，eg. good-better-best 2.屈折形式，eg. long-longer-the longest early-earlier-the earliest 3.輔助形式 比較連詞，eg. than, as 比較介詞，eg. from, to, of 比較結構，eg. asas, soas, nothan, not soas, more than, thethe, more and more, none the, sameas,5,Comparisons in C & E,Things to be compared: feature,

3、 condition, range, degree, quantity, time, frequency, proportion, size Categories of comparison: 相似、類似、近似、不如、勝過、極比等,6,Comparisons in C & E,NB: (1) relative adjectives and adverbs of time, place eg. wooden, ending, very, ago, above, where (2) superlative adjectives eg. excellent, marvelous, foremost,

4、 top,7,Comparisons in C & E,1. Comparison of equality 平比句式 eg. Today some countries find themselves fighting internal wars as desperately and real as the world wars in the first half of last century. 在全球化趨勢日益顯著的時代，中國的發(fā)展離不開世界的穩(wěn)定，就好像魚離不開水一樣。,8,Comparisons in C & E,2. Comparison of difference 差比句式 eg.

5、There is no more dangerous experiment than that of trying to go against the will of the people. 八月的石榴成熟了，一串串紅得比花還鮮艷。,9,Comparisons in C & E,3. Comparison of extremity 極比句式 eg. He always encouraged his subordinates to find the clearest and simplest route to an answer. 我認為，加強我們雙方公司在未來的密切合作是最為明智的做法。,10

6、,Comparisons in C & E,4. Comparison of preference 擇比句式 eg. It is better to be clothed in rags than to be clothed with shame. 寧為玉碎，不為瓦全。,11,Comparisons in C & E,5. Comparison of contrast 對照句式 eg. If you know not me, you know nobody. 其實地上本沒有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。魯迅故鄉(xiāng),12,Comparisons in C & E,6. Comparison of g

7、radation 漸次句式 eg. The better one understands cultural differences, the better one can cope with his interpreting tasks. 錯綜復雜的國際環(huán)境，令國家關系變得越來越脆弱、越來越微妙。,13,Some Differences to Note,1. Chinese comparisons mainly resort to vocabulary means. English comparisons mainly resort to grammatical means. 2. Degre

8、e and focus of comparison very often cannot match.,14,1. This is a question probably more frequently asked than any others in connection with our product. 這個是人們可能最經常問到的與我們產品有關的問題。 （這個是比別的問題更經常被問到的與我們產品有關的問題。） 2. The obstacles and barriers that stood in the way were formidable foremost being the psyc

9、hological barriers. 前進道路上最大的障礙是心理障礙。 （前進道路上存在的障礙很艱難，最突出的就是心理的障礙。）,15,Examples Analysis,我們可以看到，美國的財政部、商業(yè)部等，它們對中美關系的關心程度現(xiàn)在比過去大得多了，他們在中美關系方面發(fā)揮了比較積極的作用。 We can see that many US departments, such as the Treasury and Department of Commerce are now showing greater interest/are now much more interested in S

10、ino-US relations than before. They have played quite a positive role in Sino-US relations.,16,Examples Analysis,我們可以看到美國的外交和對待中國的態(tài)度比過去的意識形態(tài)考慮要少一些。 We can see that the US considers less ideological factors when deciding its policies of and attitudes towards China. We can see that ideology is less of

11、a concern in Americas policies of and attitudes towards China. We can see that US diplomacy and its attitude to China are no longer solely based on ideology.,17,Examples Analysis,就拿貿易來講，如果認真算一下帳，雖然說我們增長得比較快，但是實際上和美國來講的話差得也還遠得很。 Take trade as an example, our growth is fast, but the volume is much sma

12、ller than that of the US, if we are careful in our calculation.,18,Examples Analysis,香港和臺灣對美國的依賴程度減少了，而把擔子轉嫁到中國大陸來了，因此就出現(xiàn)了大陸和美國之間的貿易不平衡。 Hong Kong and Taiwans reliance on the United States has decreased and they have shifted their burden to Chinas mainland, resulting in the trade imbalance between C

13、hinas mainland and the US. Hong Kong and Taiwan are now less dependent on the United States and shifted their burden to Chinas mainland. Thats why trade imbalance appears between the United States and Chinas mainland.,19,Examples Analysis,現(xiàn)在美國逐步地對中國的投資越來越增加。通過投資的增長，大公司之間的內部貿易必然要增加。 Now the United St

14、ates is increasing its investment in China gradually. With the growth of investment, the internal trade among big companies will naturally grow.,20,Examples Analysis,特別是隨著中國現(xiàn)在改革越來越深化，美國向中國的出口也會很快增長，今年就比去年增加很多。 Particularly, with the continuous furthering of Chinas reform, US export to China will gro

15、w very fast. This years export to China increased faster than last year.,21,Examples Analysis,我打個比方，入世對中國就像跳高。有一個一米的小孩子，你要讓他跳兩米的高度，這是不可能的。 Lets draw an analogy, accession to the WTO is like a high jump to China. There is a one-metre child and you want him to jump two metres. That is impossible.,22,E

16、xamples Analysis,美國最主要的、最難以對付的貿易逆差伙伴，是日本。 Therefore, Japan is Americas primary deficit trade partner and the most difficult one to deal with.,23,Examples Analysis,Nothing is more harmful to the peaceful settlement of the dispute than his ill-timed statement. 對于沖突的解決，最有害的就是他這篇不合時宜的講話。,24,Examples Ana

17、lysis,The air of lowlands is not so cool as that of hills. 低地的空氣比山上的空氣要暖和一些。,25,Examples Analysis,Nothing could show more clearly that South Africa has overcome the shadows of its past. 這最清楚地表明，南非已經擺脫昔日的陰影。,26,Examples Analysis,We in Wal-Mart are every bit as passionate about offering exceptional va

18、lue to our customers as we are about maintaining high profit margins. 沃爾瑪公司對于為客戶提供不同尋常價值的熱情，絕不亞于對保持高利潤額的熱情。,27,Negations,Classification of Negations 1.詞否定 2.句否定 3.部分否定 4.雙重否定 5.多重否定 6.直接否定 7.間接否定,28,Focus of Negation,He didnt come to the factory yesterday. he? come? factory? yesterday?,29,Focus of N

19、egations NOT Matching,1. I dont think that would help. 我認為那是無濟于事的。 （我不認為那個有幫助。） 2. The engine didnt stop because the fuel was finished. 馬達停了，不是因為燃料用盡。 （馬達沒有停，因為燃料用盡。） 3. No man cries stinking fish. 哪個賣魚的都不說魚臭。 （沒有人喊臭魚。）,30,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,4. Spiders are not insects, as many people th

20、ink. 蜘蛛不像許多人想的那樣是昆蟲。 （蜘蛛不是昆蟲，如很多人想的那樣。） 5. She is no more a doctor than a nurse. 她既不是大夫，也不是護士。 （大夫和護士她哪個都不是。） 6. We are not here to make troubles. 我們來這兒不是為了惹麻煩。 （我們不是在這兒惹麻煩。）,31,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,7. All that glitters is not gold. 發(fā)光的并不都是金子。 （所有發(fā)光的不是金子。） 8. It is not our policy to becom

21、e involved in trade disputes. 我們的方針是不卷入貿易糾紛。 （卷入貿易糾紛不是我們的方針。） 9. John doesnt speak French as well as his younger sister. 約翰的法語說得不如他的妹妹好。 （約翰不說法語好如他妹妹。）,32,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,10. The International Conference on Population and Development will be remembered as the first international conf

22、erence not devoted to womens issues and interests where they nevertheless were the main focus of attention. 國際人口和發(fā)展大會雖然不以婦女問題和她們的權益為專題，但卻是以這些問題為關注重點的一次國際會議，人們將難以忘懷。 （人們將記住國際人口和發(fā)展大會不是以婦女問題和權益為主題的第一次會議，但是）,33,Affirmation vs. Negation (E vs. C),1. 此門不通。 Please use the other door. 2. 我一夜沒有合眼。 I lay awak

23、e all night. 3. He is serious. 他不是說著玩兒的。 4. Just make yourself at home. 請不要客氣。 5. The explanation is pretty thin. 解釋無法自圓其說。,34,Examples Analysis,相互了解，是發(fā)展國與國之間關系的前提。惟有相互了解，才能增進信任，加強合作。 Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to

24、build trust and promote cooperation with each other.,35,Examples Analysis,中國的歷史文化始終處于發(fā)展和進步之中。 Chinas culture and history have never stopped progressing.,36,Examples Analysis,維護社會穩(wěn)定同保障公民基本人權是一致的。 To maintain social stability is consistent with the safeguarding of the basic human rights of citizens. T

25、o maintain social stability and to ensure citizens basic human rights do not contradict each other.,37,Examples Analysis,美國只能同臺灣保持非官方往來。 The United States can only maintain contacts of a non-governmental nature with Taiwan. The United States cannot do anything more than maintaining unofficial contacts with Taiwan.,38,Examples Analysis,Th