英國(guó)詩(shī)人WystanHughAuden.ppt

1、Wystan Hugh Auden,The Outline,Part 1. Basic Information about W.H. Auden Lifetime Part 2. People who influenced him Part 3. His Main Works,Part 1,About his whole life 1) born in York, England, on February 21, 1907 son of a physician hobby: science -poetry 2) in 1925, entered Christ Church College, w

2、hich is University of Oxford. two lifelong friends: Stephen Spenser, Christopher Isherwood after graduation, as a schoolmaster in Scotland and England for five years. 3) in 1928, collection Poems was privately printed in 1930, another collection Poems (different from the previous one) was published,

3、 established his fame.,an Anglo-American poet,4) in 1939, moved to the U.S.A, became an American citizen,Chester Simon Kallman (7 January 1921 18 January 1975) was an American poet, librettist, and translator, best known for his collaborations with W. H. Auden and Igor Stravinsky.,His long-time comp

4、anion and lover,Elegy for Young Lovers 年輕戀人的哀歌 (1961, with W. H. Auden ),Libretti:,5) in 19541973, as a Chancellor of The Academy of American Poets, spent most of the second half of his life between New York City and Austria 6) in 1973, died in Vienna ,had attained the status of a respected elder st

5、atesman Joseph Brodsky wrote that his was the greatest mind of the twentieth century” The Encyclopaedia Britannica wrote “Auden was indeed Eliots successor “ *also a prolific writer of prose essays, reviews on literary, political, psychological and religious subjects in addition, worked on documenta

6、ry films, poetic plays, and other forms of performance,He was influenced by the poetry of them Tomas Hardy Robert Frost William Blake Emily Dickinson Gerard Manley Hopkins,People who influenced him,1) Tomas Hardy,an English author of the naturalist movement ( novelist, poet, and short story-teller w

7、riter ) Although he wrote a great deal of poetry, mostly unpublished until after 1898, he is best remembered for the series of novels and short stories he wrote between 1871 and 1895. famous novels: Tess of the dUrbervilles Jude the Obscure A Pair of Blue Eyes,作為一位鄉(xiāng)土特色濃烈的作家,他的詩(shī)歌和小說(shuō)都受到了傳統(tǒng)民謠的強(qiáng)烈影響.哈代不僅

8、將民謠作為一種民間文化而成為其一項(xiàng)重要的表現(xiàn)內(nèi)容,而且,還將其作為一種寫作策略,使其深入到了其作品的肌理之中,這成為了他的一種特殊的美學(xué)表達(dá)形式.,2) Robert Frost,他以主張以舊創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)代性風(fēng)格而著稱.他在繼承英詩(shī)傳統(tǒng)的 基礎(chǔ)上,采用普通的題材,簡(jiǎn)練的語(yǔ)言,優(yōu)美的韻律,深刻昭示了人生 現(xiàn)實(shí)與理想的對(duì)立統(tǒng)一.詩(shī)人以源于自然的傳統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)手法,呈現(xiàn)出獨(dú) 具特色的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義內(nèi)容.,(American poet and playwright) Pulitzer Prizes winner 1924 for New Hampshire: A Poem With Notes and Grace N

9、otes 1931 for Collected Poems 1937 for A Further Range 1943 for A Witness Tree,famous poems: Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening雪夜林間駐步 After Apple-Picking 摘罷蘋果,3）William Blake,an English poet, painter, and printmaker Today Blakes work is considered seminal in the history of both poetry and the visu

10、al arts of the Romantic Age.,famous poem: Songs of Innocence and experience天真與經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌,天真的預(yù)示 一顆沙里看出一個(gè)世界， 一朵野花里一座天堂， 把無(wú)限放在你的手掌上， 永恒在一剎那里收藏。,Auguries of Innocence To see a world in a grain of sand, And a heaven in a wild flower, Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, And eternity in an hour.,4) Emily Dic

11、kinson,an American poet,Pre-1861. These are often conventional and sentimental in nature. 18611865. This was her most creative periodthese poems are more vigorous and emotional. Post-1866. It is estimated that two-thirds of the entire body of her poetry was written before this year.,她的詩(shī)在形式上富于獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，大多使

12、用17世紀(jì)英國(guó)宗教圣歌作者艾薩 克沃茨的傳統(tǒng)格律形式，但又作了許多變化，例如在詩(shī)句中使用 許多短破折號(hào)，既可代替標(biāo)點(diǎn)，又使正常的抑揚(yáng)格音步節(jié)奏產(chǎn)生 突兀的起伏跳動(dòng)。她的詩(shī)大多押半韻。,She wrote lots of short poems without titles.,愛(ài)，先于生命 后于，死亡 是創(chuàng)造的起點(diǎn) 世界的原型,Love is anterior to life, Posterior to death, Initial of creation, and The exponent of breath.,5）Gerard Manley Hopkins,one of the great

13、unsung poets, virtually unknown in his lifetime.,Poetry: Use of language uses many archaic and dialect words, but also coins new words ; creates compound adjectives, sometimes with a hyphen, but often without Sprung rhythm “彈跳韻律” Hopkins敏銳地感覺(jué)到了傳統(tǒng)格律刻板呆滯的缺陷.為使其重?zé)ㄉ鷻C(jī),他提出了三個(gè)舉措:逆轉(zhuǎn)音步、逆轉(zhuǎn)韻格和跳韻.跳韻的音步有兩個(gè)特征,一是所

14、有的音步都始于重音音節(jié);二是弱讀音節(jié)可有可無(wú),可多可少.符合英語(yǔ)重音語(yǔ)言特征的跳韻音節(jié)理論。,His Major Works,Overview: His work is noted for its stylistic and technical achievements; its engagement with moral and political issues; its variety of tone, form, and content. The central themes of his poetry are love, politics and citizenship, religi

15、on and morals, the relationship between unique human beings, and the anonymous, impersonal world of nature.,Four Periods:,1 period (19271932):,Paid on Both Sides雙方付錢(1928) first dramatic work Poems (1930) 詩(shī)集(1930) first published book The Orators 雄辯家 (1932),The content is various during this period

16、of time. The language is a little bit difficult to understand. A parallel theme-is the contrast between biological evolution and the psychological evolution of cultures and individuals,2 period (19331938):,The Dance of Death 死之舞 (1935年) musical play The Dog Beneath the Skin 皮下之狗(1935) play The Ascen

17、t of F6 攀登F6 (1936) play On the Frontier 在邊界上 (1938) play Look, Stranger! 看吧，陌生人 (1936) poems Letters from Iceland 冰島書簡(jiǎn)(1937) verse and prose,During these years, much of his work expressed left-wing views, and he became widely known as a political poet.,3 period (19391946):,The Double Man雙重人 (1941)

18、poem For the Time Being暫時(shí) (1944) long poem The Sea and the Mirror海與鏡 (1944) long poem The Age of Anxiety 憂慮的時(shí)代 (1947) verse won the 1948 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry,During these years, his religious values and ideas changed a lot. His works reflect different aspects from religion, aesthetics and social psychology.,The Shield of Achilles 阿喀琉斯之盾(1955)