高中英語選修六 Unit 3 A healthy life

1、Unit 3 A healthy life,1. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 2. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 3. A light heart lives long. 4. Good health is over wealth. 5. Health is happiness.,Warming up,1. What health issues do you think concern young people the most?,Ci

2、garette smoking Drinking alcohol Drug taking Diet Physical fitness Sexual health Stress Obesity,A truly healthy person should be healthy in _ and _.,body,mind,A healthy life should include _ and _ health.,physical,mental,Whats a healthy person like?,Looking at the following pictures. What are they d

3、oing? Which are healthy activities while which are unhealthy activities?,Singing,Healthy,Healthy,Dancing,Playing basketball,Healthy,Doing Taiji,Healthy,Drinking alcohol,Unhealthy,Eating too much,Unhealthy,Smoking, coughing,Unhealthy,2. Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?,1) falsely infl

4、uenced by some media 2) think its cool 3) want to lighten some stress,1. Have you ever smoked? If you have, have you stopped?,3. In what ways is smoking harmful? Do you think smoking should be banned?,Ive become addicted to smoking cigarettes.,Smoking causes fire.,Smoking is a bad example to childre

5、n.,Smoking causes lung cancer.,Smoking affects the health of the nonsmokers.,中國(guó)約十萬人因吸二手煙而死.,4. Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking?,Unit 3 A healthy life,Reading ADVICE FROM GRANDAD,1. Who? 2. To whom? 3. Purpose?,James grandfather James To give James some advice and encourage him to

6、 quit smoking,Main idea:,James grandfather wrote to him to give him some advice and encourage him to quit smoking.,Please glance through the text as fast as you can and try to find out:,2,3,5,4,1,Find the main idea of each para.,Become physically addicted to nicotine,Become addicted through habit,Be

7、come mentally addicted,withdrawal symptoms: (斷癮癥狀),You will smoke _ if smoking becomes a habit.,You believe you are _, _ after smoking and only feel_ when smoking.,bad-tempered quitting) 接動(dòng)詞-ing形式，“停止做” I wish youd quit complaining. 辭職，離開 His father quit because of ill health. He has to quit school

8、because he cant afford the education. quit ones job / quit office / quit school 2) But I did finally manage. ( vi.) = But I did finally manage it. ( vt.) = But I did finally manage to quit smoking.,只能用動(dòng)詞的 -ing形式做賓語的動(dòng)詞有: admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; complete; consider; deny; fo

9、rbid; fancy想象; finish; keep; mention; mind; miss; pardon; permit; prevent; delay; discuss; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; imagine; postpone推遲; practise; quit; recall記起; recommend推薦; recollect記起; resist抵抗; risk冒險(xiǎn); suggest; tolerate忍受; understand,拓展,9. When I was young, I didnt know much abo

10、ut the harmful effects of smoking. 吸煙的危害 effect n效果，影響，作用，結(jié)果 have an effect / influence on / upon sb / sth 對(duì)有效；對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響 The TV programme has a positive effect on children as well as the old. come / go into effect (尤指法律等)實(shí)行，起作用 bring / carry / put . into effect 實(shí)行；實(shí)施； The new law comes into effect from

11、April. take effect (藥)生效；開始起作用 The medicine was starting to take effect and the pain eased. 藥開始起作用，疼痛減輕了。,10. I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. 當(dāng)初我不知道抽煙能嚴(yán)重侵害人的心臟和肺 部，也不知道吸煙的夫婦生育能力會(huì)

12、下降。 該句是一個(gè)包含兩個(gè)賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句。 or連接這兩個(gè)賓語從句，意為“也不(知道)” I dont know .or. 這個(gè)句型譯為“我不知道, 也不知道”。如: I dont know where to go or what to do.我不知道去 哪里也不知道干什么。,主句,賓語從句,賓語從句,11. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. 然而我的的確確知道，我 的女朋友覺得我的煙味很難聞。 smell v. The food must go bad. It smells

13、. vt. 聞到，嗅出，常與can，could 連用 I can smell something burning. n. 嗅覺，氣味，臭味 Taste and smell are closely connected. Theres a smell of cooking., 連系動(dòng)詞，“聞起來”，后接adj.、分詞,The flowers smell sweet., vi. 發(fā)出臭氣，氣味難聞,12. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smok

14、ing. 而當(dāng)我因?yàn)椴唤】?而被校足球隊(duì)除 名之后，我才知道該是我戒煙的時(shí)候了。 unfit adj. （身體）不健康的 She never gets any exercise she must be really unfit. 不合適的，不勝任的 be unfit for sth He was found to be medially unfit for oversea duty. 他體檢不合格，不能到海外執(zhí)行任務(wù) be unfit for public office 不適宜擔(dān)任公職,13. It might help you to stop and strengthen your reso

15、lve. 也許對(duì)你戒煙和堅(jiān)定決心會(huì)有所幫助。 strengthen vi. 伸展 The ladder wont reach the window. 2) 到達(dá) (= get to; arrive at / in) They reached London. reach n. 伸手可及之距離 within reach of the shops 買東西很方便的地方 The ball was out of reach. 我夠不著這個(gè)球。,19. If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about som

16、ething to help you, like nicotine chewing gum. 如果你的確感到?jīng)]法辦， 你還可以找一個(gè)醫(yī)生或藥劑師來談?wù)?幫你想點(diǎn) 辦法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等。 desperate adj. 絕望的；不顧一切的 We had no food left at all and were getting desperate. 非常需要的 1) be desperate for sth / to do sth By then I was desperate for a holiday. Ben was desperate to get a job.,2) in despe

17、rate need of sth We are in desperate need of help. 極其嚴(yán)峻的 There was a desperate shortage of doctors.醫(yī)生 人數(shù)嚴(yán)重不足。,desperately adv. 絕望地，拼命地；非常地 Doctors were trying desperately to save her life. desperation n. 絕望 a look of desperation in his eyes,拓展,20. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several ti

18、mes before you finally stop smoking.即使非得經(jīng)過 多次戒煙才能最后把它戒掉,你也不要失去希望。 disappointed adj. 失望的，沮喪的 be disappointed with / in Im disappointed in you / your work. be disappointed about / at Im disappointed at the result of the game. Are you disappointed about / at not being chosen? be disappointed to see / f

19、ind / hear We were disappointed to find the museum closed. be disappointed that Im disappointed that I havent got an invitation.,21. If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.如果你因意志衰弱而又 抽煙了，也不 要覺得難為情。 ashamed adj. 感到慚愧或羞恥的(表語形容詞) She feels ashamed of having failed in the examination.她因

20、考試不及格而感到羞愧。 She was too ashamed to ask her family for help.她 覺得沒臉向家人求助。 Barry was ashamed that he had lost his temper.巴里 因自己發(fā)脾氣感到很慚愧。,拓展,be ashamed of (doing) sth be ashamed to do sth be ashamed that,因(做了)某事而感到羞愧 恥于做某事； 因難為情而不愿做某事 對(duì)感到內(nèi)疚,ashamed與shameful adj. 羞恥的，慚愧的 ashamed做表語，表示“感到羞恥的；感到慚 愧的”。指事情使人

21、感到羞恥、慚愧、難為情等。 只能用作表語。 shameful指“可恥的；丟臉的”。指事情或行為 本身不道德。既可用作表語又可用作定語。,辨析,shameless adj. 無恥的，不要臉的 shame n. u 羞愧，恥辱,1) He was _ to cheat, because he realized that it was _ to cheat in the exam. 2) I was _ of my _ behavior at that time. 3) I was _of having lied to my teacher. 4) If he did anything _, I w

22、ont go with him. 5) He is a _ liar. 6) How could you do such a thing? Have you no _？ 7) The boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.,ashamed,shameful,ashamed,shameful,ashamed,shameful,shameless,shame,ashamed,22. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he fel

23、t like crying. in spite of = despite “盡管”，表示讓步 in spite of sth / doing sth He was hell-bent on goingin spite ofthe heavy rain. 盡管下著大雨，他還是堅(jiān)持要出去。 Try to sleepin spite ofthe noise. 盡管有喧鬧聲也 要設(shè)法睡著。 in spite of / despite與although, though 的區(qū)別： in spite of / despite為介詞或介詞短語，后接名 詞或doing； although/ though為連詞，

24、后接句子，引導(dǎo)讓步 狀語從句。,23. He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. take risks / a risk 冒險(xiǎn) risk n. 危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn) vt. 冒險(xiǎn)；冒的危險(xiǎn) take risks / a risk to do sth 冒險(xiǎn)做某事 at the risk of 冒著的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) risk doing sth 冒險(xiǎn)做某事 risk ones life to do sth 冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事,Unit 3 A healthy life,Learning about languag

25、e,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1. feeling foolish or uncomfortable because of something 2. stop doing 3. having an unborn child or young in the body 4. because of 5. pressure caused by the problems of living, t

26、oo much work,ashamed,quit,pregnant,due to,stress,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 6. done as a habit without thinking 7. in the habit of; used to 8. succeed in doing 9. of the mind 10. a boy or girl in the period b

27、etween being a child and an adult.,automatically,accustomed,manage,mental,adolescents,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 1. You will be

28、able to stop smoking eventually if you are determined enough. 2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not used to the cold of Northern Europe. 3. She felt embarrassed about her body shape, so she decided to go on a diet.,quit,tough,accustomed to,ashamed (of her),Discovering useful words and e

29、xpressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 4. Running a marathon will leave you out of breath. 5. You really have no idea just how hopeless cancer can make you feel. 6. The e

30、ffects of drinking too much alcohol on your health can be serious. 7. Doing exercises every day can not only make your muscles stronger but also help you relax.,breathless,desperate,(The) (effects),strengthen,alcoholic,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that

31、 means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 8. If you are expecting a baby, your smoking habit might cause problems for it. 9. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying. 10.

32、He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.,pregnant,disappointed,decide on,Discovering useful words and expressions,Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.,due to cigarettes tough unfit alcohol mental quit withdrawal adolescents addicted to stress effects,

33、Smoking _, drinking _ or taking other drugs produce many harmful _ and have no real benefits. So why do _ do it? Perhaps some think it makes them look _ or cool. Others may think it will help them with _ in their lives possibly _ pressure from parents or teachers. Some may just want to experiment. W

34、hat they do not realize is how easy it is to become _ smoking.,alcohol,adolescents,stress,due to,cigarettes,effects,tough,addicted to,Discovering useful words and expressions,Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.,due to cigarettes tough unfit alcohol mental quit withdrawal adolescents

35、 addicted to stress effects,In fact it is the _ addiction rather than the physical effects that makes it really hard to _ smoking. When an adolescent realizes how _ he or she is becoming, it is too late. Sadly the _ symptoms can be quite severe for some people. Of course the best way to deal with th

36、ese drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!,mental,quit,unfit,withdrawal,USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS,Choose the prepositions to form phrases.,1. ashamed _ sth / sb / oneself 2. embarrassed _ sth 3. disappointed _ sth / sb 4. grateful _ sb _ sth 5. angry _ sb _ sth 6. delighted _ sth 7

37、. nervous _ sth 8. upset _ sth 9. bored _ sth / sb 10. shocked _ sth,with of about at for by into,of,about,with,with,about / for,with / by,about,(with sb) about / by,with,at / by,to for,Translations,1、聽到我叔叔贊美吸煙讓我覺得尷尬，我希 望其他人能做出自己的判斷而不會(huì)效法他。 (awkward; judgement) I felt awkward hearing my uncle praise

38、smoking, and I hoped that others would make their own judgment and not follow his example. 2、男孩為自己的表現(xiàn)感到羞愧，當(dāng)醫(yī)生將針 管插入他的胳膊抽血的時(shí)候他暈倒了。 (ashamed; needle) The boy felt ashamed of his behavior. When the doctor put a needle in his arm and took out some blood, he fainted.,Translations,3、當(dāng)杰克把最后一包香煙扔掉以后，他立刻 感覺自

39、己像一個(gè)從不吸煙的人。 (packet; cigarettes; feel like a non-smoker) When Jack threw away his last packet of cigarettes, he immediately began to feel like a non-smoker. 4、專家們正考慮一項(xiàng)關(guān)于禁止向青少年販賣酒 和香煙的提議。 (ban; alcohol; adolescents) The specialists are considering a proposal to ban the sale of alcohol and cigarettes

40、to adolescents.,Translations,5、盡管寒冷，他還是跳入河中將落水的男孩從 水中拉了出來。他冒了很大的危險(xiǎn)，但孩子的 生還使他感到極為快樂。 (in spite of; take a risk; survival) In spite of the cold, he jumped into the river and pulled the fallen boy out of the water. He took a great risk, but the survival of the boy made him feel extremely happy.,Transla

41、tions,6、父母親由于不喜歡未出生嬰兒的性別而決定 墮胎是違法的。對(duì)女性的偏見甚至持續(xù)到今天， 這讓我很氣憤。 (illegal; abortion; prejudice; against; female) Its illegal for parents to decide to have an abortion because they dont like the gender of their unborn baby. Im so angry that this prejudice against female children continues even today.,Transl

42、ations,7、因?yàn)橛兄袊?guó)艾滋病策略支持項(xiàng)目（CHARTS） 的贊助，許多像濮存昕那樣的名人一直積極參 加遏制艾滋病的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 (due to; campaign against) Due to the sponsor of CHARTS project, many famous people like Pu Cunxin have been active in the campaign against AIDS.,Translations,8、課文中一些造成學(xué)生理解困難的句子在教材 后附錄中的注釋部分做了進(jìn)一步的解釋。 (comprehension; appendix) Some sente

43、nces in the texts which cause students comprehension difficulties are further explained in the notes of the appendix at the end of the textbook.,Unit 3 A healthy life,Grammar The use of “it”,Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of “it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and c

44、an be used in many ways. Here are two ways. “It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.,It is amazing that at my age I am still fit. It is easier to fall than to rise. I think it best that you should do more exercise. It is no good crying ove

45、r spilt milk. He found it difficult to accustom himself to getting up early.,Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of “it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways. Here are two ways. Impersonal “it” can be used to talk about time, distance, weather, etc

46、.,It is a beautiful day. It takes all sorts. It never rains but it pours. It is 10 kilometres to the castle. It was time to quit smoking.,Grammar,The use of “it”,1. It rains heavily. 2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddads house to James. 3. It is November 11, 2005. 4. It is 9 oclock at night. 5. Itll

47、 be lovely in the garden tonight 6. It is bad to smoke. 7. It is likely that he will succeed.,天氣,距離,日期,時(shí)間,形式主語,環(huán)境,形式主語,1. it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指 剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù): Xian isabeautifulcity, isntit? 2. 也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒（未知性別的 嬰兒或孩子）: - Is this your dog? - No, it isnt.,一、it 作人稱代詞,二、it作非人稱代詞,it有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、 時(shí)間、日期、距離、價(jià)值、

48、度量衡、溫度、 環(huán)境等，稱為非人稱的it： 1. 指天氣： It is a lovely day, isntit? It is a bit windy. 2. 指時(shí)間: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 3. 指環(huán)境: It was very quiet inthecaf.,4. 指距離： It is half an hourswalkto the city centre from my home. 5. 指日期： - Whats the date today? - Its May 1, 2015. 6. 指季節(jié)： It is summer

49、now. 7. 指度量衡： It is about 5 kilograms. 8. 指價(jià)值： - Whats the cost of the T-shirt? - It is 150 yuan.,替代作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。,三、it用作形式主語,1、替代作主語的動(dòng)詞不定式,1) It + be + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞，常見的 有： easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossib

50、le, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. It is important to learn English well

51、. It is very hard for him to study two languages.,2) It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 此處adj. 通常為描述人的形容詞，常見的 有： kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy Its kind of you to help me with the problem. Its very

52、 nice of you to help me. It was stupid of me to talk in that way to my mother.,3) It替代作主語的動(dòng)名詞的常見句型 Its no good / use doing Its (well) worth doing Its (well) worth ones while doing / to do Its (well) worth while doing / to do Its no use crying over spilt milk. Its well worth visiting the History Muse

53、um.,2. it作形式主語替代主語從句 1) It is adj. + clause It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain that . 該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引 導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為“清楚(顯然，真的)” 是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. Itisobvious thatthe earth

54、is round. = That thatthe earth is round isobvious.,It is important / necessary / right / strange / natural. that .+ (should) do 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中 的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣 (should + 動(dòng)詞原形)，should 可以省去。 It is necessary that we (should) arrive there earlier. It is important that we (should) finish the

55、task ahead of time. Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.,2) It is v-ed that= sb. / sth. is v-ed to do It is said (reported / learned / believed / thought / known / told / hoped.) that . 該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句；該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為 “據(jù)說(據(jù)報(bào)道, 據(jù)悉)”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. = He is sai

56、d to have come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. = Another earth satellite is reported to have been put into orbit.,It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . + (should) do 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過去 分詞是表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令等詞時(shí)，that 后的 從句要用虛擬語氣(should + 動(dòng)詞原形)，should

57、 可 以省略。常譯為“ 據(jù)建議；有命令”。 Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.,3) It is + noun + 從句 It is a pity (a shame / an honor / a good thing / a fact / a surprise. ) that . 該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣 （should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去。表示 出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義 時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。例如： It

58、 is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是 遺憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！,四、it作形式賓語,當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式、動(dòng)名 詞、賓語從句時(shí)，往往把賓語放在它的補(bǔ) 足語后面，而用it作形式賓語，放在賓語 補(bǔ)足語之前。 該句型中的it作形式賓語，常用的動(dòng) 詞有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。,I think it no use arguing with him. 我認(rèn)為和他爭(zhēng)吵沒有用。 I found it very interesting to study English. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語非常有趣。 He mad