人教版賓語從句第一第二單元語法教案

賓語從句第一，第二單元語法適用學(xué)科高中英語適用年級(jí)高一教材版本全國人教版課時(shí)2課時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握賓語從句的概念及其識(shí)別要領(lǐng)。學(xué)會(huì)使用正確的引導(dǎo)詞連接相應(yīng)的賓語從句教學(xué)重點(diǎn)賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇教學(xué)難點(diǎn)關(guān)系詞的選擇教學(xué)過程1、 課堂導(dǎo)入 學(xué)習(xí)了這單元的課本內(nèi)容之后，我們對(duì)一些重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)有了基本了解，接下來這堂課我們將重點(diǎn)講解本單元涉及的重點(diǎn)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)賓語從句。初中階段已經(jīng)涉及到這個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，高中我們將進(jìn)一步深入講解。二、復(fù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)在老師的帶領(lǐng)下復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課的內(nèi)容。1、本單元重點(diǎn)單詞1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset) 2. concern v. 擔(dān)憂; 涉及; 關(guān)系到 n. 擔(dān)心，關(guān)注；（利害）關(guān)系3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解決4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷 5. disagree vt. 不同意2、本單元重點(diǎn)詞組 1.add up合計(jì) 2.go through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 3.on purpose 故意 4.get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進(jìn)展5.in order to 為了3、本單元重點(diǎn)句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 2. I dont set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do 3. it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.三、知識(shí)講解考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1、賓語從句的定義： 關(guān)于賓語1. 賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，一般放在及物動(dòng)詞后面。如：Our team beat all the others.我們的球隊(duì)打敗了所有其他球隊(duì)。2.有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，賓語也可以放在句首，如：Two weeks you shall have .你可以有兩周的時(shí)間。3.名詞作賓語 Face the facts!4.代詞作賓語 They wont hurt us.5. 數(shù)詞作賓語 If you add 5 to 5, you get 10賓語是句子的一個(gè)重要成分，它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞短語或句子充當(dāng)。當(dāng)一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)， 這個(gè)句子就叫做賓語從句?？键c(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2、賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu) 1、主句+ that（無詞義，可省略）+從句（陳述句語序） 2、主句+ whether / if （是否）+從句（陳述句語序） 3、主句+疑問詞+從句（陳述句語序） 考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3：賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞按所引導(dǎo)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)可以分為三類。1、that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句原句如果是陳述句，變賓語從句時(shí)要用 that 引導(dǎo)，that 無實(shí)義，只起到引導(dǎo)的作用。在口語和非正式文體中?？墒÷?。如:(1)I think (that) I can sell newspapers. 我想我可以賣報(bào)紙。 (2) I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete. 我知道他是一名加拿大運(yùn)動(dòng)員。 (3) Do you think (that) the children need to write. 你認(rèn)為孩子們需要寫一首歌嗎？ (4 )Maria says (that) she doesnt like the uniforms. 瑪麗亞說她不喜歡校服。2、whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句原句若是一般疑問句，變賓語從句時(shí)用whether /if 引導(dǎo)，whether /if意為“是否”。如： (1)I want to know whether / if people will leave as soon as they finish eating in western countries. 我想知道西方國家的人是否是一吃完飯就離開。 (2)Could you tell me if /whether its polite to speak loudly at the table ? 你能不能告訴我吃飯時(shí)大聲講話是否有禮貌？ (3) I dont know if/whether you are right. 我不知道你是否正確。注意：whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用法區(qū)別用whether /if “是否”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，通常情況下whether /if 可以互換。但以下情況 whether 不能 用if 換：（1）Whether后面緊跟有or not時(shí)。如：I dont know whether or not it rains. 我不知道是否會(huì)下雨。I wonder whether we stay or whether we go我不知道我們是去還是留。（2）在介詞之后用whether。如：Im interested in whether he likes English我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。（3）在不定式前用whether。如：He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。I dont know whether to go我不知去否。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。（4）whether 引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首首時(shí)。如：Whether they will go by air or by train hasnt decided. 他們是乘飛機(jī)去還是乘火車去還沒有定下來。（5）有些動(dòng)詞 (如：discuss) 后面只能跟whether，不能跟if。 如：We discussed whether we should let him join our team.我們商量是否讓他加入我們隊(duì)。（6）whether 可以與虛詞it連用，并可引導(dǎo)不定式，但if 不能這樣用。 如：Its not clear whether he will be able to come。他是否會(huì)來還不清楚（7）引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時(shí)宜用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question她是否能來還是個(gè)問題。The question is whether we can catch the bus問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。（8）若用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，則用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book可理解為：aPlease let me know whether you like the book請(qǐng)告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。bIf you like the book，please let me know你如果喜歡這本書，請(qǐng)告訴我。3、特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句原句如果是特殊疑問句，變賓語從句時(shí)要用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。疑問詞包括疑問代詞（what, which, who, whose) 和疑問副詞（when, how, where, why)。 如：Do you know who that man is over there ? 你知道那邊那個(gè)人是誰嗎？You may ask what North American people wear on special days.你也許會(huì)問北美洲的人在特殊的日子里穿什么衣服。I ask Tom which Chinese dish is his favorite.我問湯姆他最喜歡的是那一道中國菜。I dont know who will come to the English corner.我不知道誰會(huì)來英語角。Can you tell me how you deal with the problem ? 你能告訴我你怎樣解決這個(gè)問題嗎？Can you tell me where they are ?你能告訴我他們?cè)谀睦飭??I ask him why his hot dogs are so popular. 我問他為什么他的熱狗這么受歡迎?？键c(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)4：賓語從句的語序 賓語從句的語序一定要使用陳述句語序。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：（1）連接詞謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有： who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？The small children dont know what is in their stockings這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？（2）連接詞名詞謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room老師問我們房間里有多少人。（3）連接詞主語謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if whether（在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？（4）連接詞名詞主語謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)5：賓語從句主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問題（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可根據(jù)需要選用相應(yīng)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如： I dont know when he will come back我不知道他將何時(shí)回來。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。（2）如果主句是過去時(shí)，賓語從句只可根據(jù)需要選用過去時(shí)態(tài)即一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)的某一種形式。如：The children didnt know who he was孩子們不知道他是誰。He asked his father how it happened他問他父親這件事是如何發(fā)生的。（3）如果賓語從句所表示的是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作等，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。三、例題精析【例題1】【題干】 改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句： “My father works in a bank,” Zhang Hui says. Zhang Hui says his father in a bank. 【答案】that ；workshop 【解析】由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，無意義，只起連接作用，在口語或非正式文體中常被省略?！纠}2】 【題干】改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句： “Do you have any rooms to rent?” she asked me. She asked me I any rooms to rent. 【答案】whether/if；had 【解析】當(dāng)從句由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí)，要用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)，表示選擇，意為“是否”?！纠}3】 【題干】根據(jù)漢語完成英語句子： 告訴我你是什么意思。 Tell me . 出租車司機(jī)問我想去哪里。 The taxi driver asked me to go. 【答案】what you mean; where I want to go 【解析】由連接代詞who / whom / which / what / whose或連接副詞when / where / why / how引導(dǎo)的賓語 從句，連接詞在從句中都充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，不可省略。【例題4】 【題干】判斷句子的正誤并改正： I dont know who is he talking to. 【答案】I dont know who he is talking to. 【解析】在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語從句必須用陳述語序。即：連接詞主語謂語其他。【例題5】 【題干】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：來源:學(xué),科,網(wǎng) David says he （like）Chinese food very much. I know that you （have）a meeting next week. 【答案】likes; will have 【解析】如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選用所需的時(shí)態(tài)。課堂運(yùn)用【基礎(chǔ)】1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave【答案】D 你決定什么時(shí)候去澳大利亞了嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序。2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序，where作從句的賓語。3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema【答案】C賓語從句用陳述語序，where表示地點(diǎn)。4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how【答案】A if表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how【答案】B 有or not， 所以用whether.6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost【答案】C 賓語從句用陳述語序.7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is【答案】A賓語從句用陳述語序,who 作從句的賓語。8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup【答案】A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞，整體做從句的賓語。9.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts【答案】A 賓語從句用陳述語序。10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill【答案】D 主句是過去時(shí)，從句也要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，醫(yī)生問我之前我已經(jīng)病了，所以用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)?！眷柟獭?1.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow【答案】C. if連接賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序。12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to【答案】B. whose是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞，整體做從句的賓語。13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape【答案】C 賓語從句用陳述語序。14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying【答案】C賓語從句用陳述語序，時(shí)態(tài)不受限制。15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking【答案】C 主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)槭フQ老人是之前就把禮物放進(jìn)襪子里了，所以用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。【拔高】16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if【答案】B 有or not就用whether.17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch【答案】D 賓語從句用陳述語序, 主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should doC. what to do D. what should we do【答案】B 沒有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語從句用陳述語序，如果選B就是沒有人做什么，us后面是賓語從句，而us是賓格不能作從句的主語，所以 C選項(xiàng)缺少賓語從句的主語，應(yīng)選B.19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do【答案】D我們不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陸地和海洋。What做to do 的賓語。20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money【答案】D 賓語從句用陳述語序，他問我是否我能找出寄錢的人，主句用過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用過去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 【答案】B 賓語從句用陳述語序，what作從句的賓語。22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 【答案】A賓語從句用陳述語序，哪一個(gè)班，所以用which class.23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 【答案】D 你能告訴我怎樣可以去車站，當(dāng)然可以。賓語從句用陳述語序，怎樣用how.24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序。25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 【答案】B賓語從句用陳述語序，誰的襯衫用表示所有格的whose，后面需要跟名詞。課堂小結(jié)：本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)圍繞賓語從句的概念、識(shí)別、引導(dǎo)詞用法等進(jìn)行了講解和分析，主要使同學(xué)們通過學(xué)習(xí)全面掌握賓語從句各方面知識(shí)，達(dá)到靈活運(yùn)用的目的。區(qū)分引導(dǎo)詞的用法和各自特點(diǎn)，并且和定語從句區(qū)分開來，綜合把握初中階段從句的知識(shí)。4、 課堂運(yùn)用【基礎(chǔ)】1. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序，郵局在哪兒，需用表示地點(diǎn)的where.2. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she where livesC. where she lives D. where does she live 【答案】C 我想去看王夫人，但是我不知道她住在哪里。賓語從句用陳述語序。3. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 【答案】B賓語從句用陳述語序4. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 【答案】A賓語從句用陳述語序，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，他住在哪里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，是現(xiàn)在的一種狀態(tài)。5. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 【答案】B 你還沒有決定什么時(shí)候去倫敦嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序，因?yàn)槭悄愦蛩闳惗?，現(xiàn)在并沒有在倫敦，或是已經(jīng)去過了，所以從句用一般將來時(shí)。6. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 【答案】D 不好意思打擾了，你能告訴我，我們將在哪兒檢票呢？賓語從句用陳述語序，主語是第一人稱，所以可以用shall+動(dòng)詞原形。7. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg friedC. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 【答案】A 雞蛋是怎樣被煎的，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，賓語從句用陳述語序。8. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 【答案】A賓語從句用陳述語序。9. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 【答案】B 你知道這是誰的書嗎？賓語從句用陳述語序，誰的書用所有格whose ,后加名詞book.10. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 【答案】C 我現(xiàn)在不知道我的貓?jiān)谀睦?。賓語從句用陳述語序?！眷柟獭?. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 【答案】D. 前一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示選擇“是否”，后一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句表示將來的動(dòng)作，所以用主將從現(xiàn)。2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 【答案】D. 我不知道后天他是否回來，賓語從句用陳述語序。3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 【答案】D. where表示地點(diǎn)，最近的醫(yī)院在哪里。4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 【答案】C 賓語從句用陳述語序，已經(jīng)說了是修理錄音機(jī)，所以不用what, 而用how.5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序，whom作照顧的賓語。6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 【答案】A 主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受限制，住在哪里用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語序。7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序，從句是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 【答案】D賓語從句用陳述語序。9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 【答案】B賓語從句用陳述語序，what在從句中做主語。10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 【答案】D 賓語從句用陳述語序，what在從句中做賓語?！景胃摺?. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate【答案】A. 我的一些朋友對(duì)自然科學(xué)感興趣，但他們誰也講不出下次不明飛行物出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間。賓語從句應(yīng)該用陳述語序。2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad【答案】D.布朗先生什么時(shí)候回中國？抱歉。我不知道他會(huì)在國外待多久。賓語從句應(yīng)該用陳述語序。3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school【答案】A. 我可以進(jìn)來嗎？很抱歉我遲到了。請(qǐng)進(jìn)，但請(qǐng)你告訴我為什么又遲到了嗎？賓語從句應(yīng)該用陳述語序。 4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Mus