There be句型的幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法.doc

Therebe句型的幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法AnnneverdreamsofforhertobesentabroadverysoonA）theretobeachanceB）therebEingachanceC）therebeachanceD）beingachance該題的答案為B）。動詞dreamof要求跟V-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，更準(zhǔn)確地講是介詞of后要求跟V-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，therebeingachance意為有一個機會又如：NoonehadtoldSmithabout_alecturethefollowingdayA）therebeB）therewouldbeC）therewasD）therebeingD）。介詞about后要求跟V-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，therebeing（alecture）意為有（一個講座），ItisfairlycommoninAfricafortheretobeanensembleofexpertmusicianssurroundedbyotherswhojoininbyclapping，singing，orsomehowaddingtothetotalityofmusicalsound該句子中出現(xiàn)了fortheretobe的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果按照上一題的解題思路去理解：介詞后要求跟V-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，那么，這一結(jié)構(gòu)似乎是錯的；但是，實際上此結(jié)構(gòu)沒有錯，這就是本文想要解答的問題：therebe句型的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法。一、therebe句型與各種情態(tài)動詞連用。例如：TheremustbesomethingwronghereTheremightstillbesomevacantseatsintherearThereoughttobesomethingwithwhichtofillyourstocking二、therebe句型中的謂語動詞be被belikelytobe，happentobe，seem（tobe），occur等代替，用來描寫事物。例如：TherearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthantheyhavebeenpreparedforTherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomTheredoesntseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteamThereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthelandscape，therelativelengthofdayandnight，andtheclimatemustallplayabigpartindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweareTherehaveoccurredmanygreatchangessincewemetlast三、therebe句型中的謂語動詞be被一些不及物動詞代替，如live，stand，exist，remain等，用來表示靜止、存在、有。例如：TherelivesafamilyoffiveinthevillageThereremainsnothingmoretobedoneTherestandstheMonumenttothePeoplesHeroesatthecenteroftheTiananmenSquareThereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion四、therebe句型中的謂語動詞be被一些不及物動詞代替，如come，springup，appear，emerge，arrive，enter，follow,等，用來表示突然出現(xiàn)。例如：ThereappearstobenosubstituteforthisstuffyetTherecameacompanyofactorsandactressesTherefollowedaspiriteddiscussionafterclass五、therebe句型中be用不定式，形成（for）theretobe賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)，表示有或存在（某種情況），在（for）theretobe賓格詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語是賓格詞。這種不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作邏輯賓語、狀語和主語。1theretobe賓格詞在句中作賓語。例如：Thestudentsexpectedtheretobemorereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexamstheretobe賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作動詞expect的賓語，句中的賓格詞morereview-ingclasses作theretobe不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。特別應(yīng)該注意的是there后的不定式只能用tobe的形式，因為這種不定式結(jié)構(gòu)是從therebe結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化而來的。又如：PeopledontwanttheretobeanotherwarMembersliketheretobeplentyofchoiceItisfairlycommoninAfricafortheretobeanensembleofexpertmusicianssurroundedbyotherswhojoininbyclapping，singing，orsomehowaddingtothetotalityofmusicalsoundtheretobe賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作介詞for的賓語，句中的賓格詞anensembleofexpertmusicians作theretobe不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。2fortheretobe賓格詞在句中作狀語。例如：Itisntcoldenoughfortheretobeafrosttonight，soIcanleaveJimscaroutquitesafely（fortheretobe賓格詞作結(jié)果狀語）特別應(yīng)該注意的是，fortheretobe賓格詞在句中作狀語時必須用介詞for引出therebe后面的賓格詞。又如：Fortheretobesuccessfulcommunication，theremustbeattentivenessandinvolvementinthediscussingitselfbyallpresent（fortheretobe賓格詞作目的狀語）Theyplannedfortheretobeanothermeeting（fortheretobe賓格詞作目的狀語）3theretobe賓格詞在句中作主語。例如：Itsagreatpityfortheretobemuchtroubleinthecompany特別應(yīng)該注意的是，fortheretobe賓格詞在句中作主語時必須用介詞for引出therebe后面的賓格詞。又如：ItisimpossiblefortheretobeanymoreapplesFortheretobesofewpeopleinthestreetswasunusual六、therebe句型中be用Ving分詞，形成（of）therebEing賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)，表示有或存在（某種情況），在（of）therebe-ing賓格詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語是賓格詞。1therebeing賓格詞在句中作賓語。例如：Haveyoueverthoughtoftherebeingsomanyworkunitsforyoutochooseonthetalentsmeeting？（therebeing賓格詞作賓語）therebeing賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作介詞of的賓語，句中的賓格詞somanyworku-nits作therebeingV-ing分詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。又如：NoonehadtoldhimanythingabouttherebeingabeautifulstoryaboutthelakeJohnwasrelyingontherebeinganotheropportunity2therebeing賓格詞在句中作狀語。例如：Therebeingnocauseforalarm，shewentbacktoherbedroom（therebeing賓格詞作原因狀語）therebeing賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，句中的賓格詞nocause作therebeingV-ing分詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。又如：Therehavingbeenastrongsuspicionagainsttheabilityofthedirector，thedepartmentaskedhimtoresign（therebeing賓格詞作原因狀語）Therebeingnothingtobedone，theyhavetogobackhome（therebeing賓格詞作原因狀語）Therebeingnofurtherbusiness，thechairmanclosedthemeeting（therebeing賓格詞作原因狀語）3therebeing賓格詞在句中作主語。例如：Therebeingabusstopsonearthehouseisagreatadvantagetherebeing賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語，句中的賓格詞abusstop作therebeingV-ing分詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語。七、therebe句型中be用beV-ed分詞，形成therebeV-ed分詞賓格詞結(jié)構(gòu)，表示有或存在（某種情況），在therebeV-ed分詞賓格詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語是賓格詞。例如：TherewasfoundalotoffoodinthekitchencupboardTherearenowpublishedmillionsofbookseveryyearinChinaTherewasshownattheexhibitionanelectroniccomputermadeinShanghai八、therebeno主語名詞的習(xí)慣用法。1V-ing分詞在therebeno結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語，表示不可能、無法。例如：ThereisnodenyingthefactthatChinaisstilladevelopingcountryThereisnojokingaboutsuchmattersThereisnotellingwhatwillhappentohimnext2thereisnopointV-ing分詞，表示沒有必要，無用，沒有意義，沒有用處。例如：Wearedisappointedwiththenewofficerelectedinourbridgeclub，buttherEisnopointworryingaboutit3thereisnouseV-ing分詞，表示無用，沒有意義，沒有用處。例如：Thereisnouseadvisinghimtogiveupsmoking4thereisnogoodV-ing分詞，表示無用，沒有意義，沒有用處，沒有益處。例如：Thereisnogooddiscussingthematterwithsuchafool九、在由therebe主語名詞引起的句子中，修飾主語的情況。1在由therebe主語名詞引起的句子中，用來修飾主語的不定式可以用被動形式，也可以用主動形式。例如：ThereisnotimetolosetobelostTherearestillmanythingstotakecareoftobetakencareof在口語中多用主動形式。但是有時候兩種形式可能表示不同的意思。試比較：Thereisnothingtodonow（Wehavenothingtodonow）Thereisnothingtobedonenow（Wecandonothingnow）T