2013高考英語_高三英語閱讀理解答題規(guī)律與秘訣.doc.doc

請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!2013高考英語高三英語閱讀理解答題規(guī)律與秘訣一、解的十個(gè)特征：1、體現(xiàn)中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解2、照抄原文的不是解，同義替換的是解3、含義不肯定的是解，如：cancouldmayusuallymightmostmoreorlessrelativelybelikelyto含義絕對的不是解：mustalwaysneverthemostallanynoneentirely含義相反的是解4、具體的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解5、帶有some的是解：someonesomebodysometimesomethingcertain6、簡單的不是解，復(fù)雜的是解，字面意思不是解，含義深刻的是解7、帶虛詞的解：anotherothermoreeitherbothalsobesideadditionalextradifferentsameparticularnearlynotenough8、“變化”是解：changedelayimprovepostponeincrease9、“重要的、基礎(chǔ)的”是解：importantnecessityessentialbasisbebasedon10、二選一：反義項(xiàng)有解；形似項(xiàng)有解；近義項(xiàng)有解閱讀題的四種題型及其命題思路1.主旨題中心思想Mainideawhatisthemainidea/pointofthispassage?Maintopicwhatisthemaintopic/subject/title?Purposewhatistheauthorsmainpurposeinthepassage?對策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；解：多為概括性的選項(xiàng)2.細(xì)節(jié)性問題Accroding考查對文章內(nèi)容的掌握，如：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等細(xì)節(jié)問題。對策：利用題目中的關(guān)鍵詞找文章中的對應(yīng)詞，在對應(yīng)詞的周圍尋找答案。Number考查對文章中數(shù)字的掌握，1）運(yùn)算型：通過簡單的四則運(yùn)算求解。對策：原始數(shù)據(jù)不是解。2）多選一型：文中出現(xiàn)多個(gè)時(shí)間或數(shù)字，對應(yīng)不同的事物，考其中的一個(gè)。對策：對號入座。3）范圍型，4）世紀(jì)型Except題型即三缺一型，要求選出一個(gè)不符合文章內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)。Which題型對策：這兩種主要考并列句、列舉句請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!3.推斷型問題命題包括以下動(dòng)詞：infer,imply,suggest,conclude,assume.對策：1）根據(jù)文中的關(guān)鍵詞、短語、結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行推斷；2）通過閱讀某段或幾段內(nèi)容3）注意：要根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推斷，不能憑空猜測。4.詞匯型問題考查熟詞偏義或在特定場合具體的詞義對策：常見含義不是解生詞的含義推斷對策：根據(jù)上下文判斷其合理的詞義才是唯一的出路?？偨Y(jié)：常見的命題思路：文章的中心、段落的中心指代關(guān)系makegainsmakeaprofit因果關(guān)系正因果關(guān)系文中A導(dǎo)致B，問題：有了B這一結(jié)果，為什么，答案是A反因果關(guān)系文中A具有X特性，B與A不同，問，B有何特點(diǎn)，答案是非X特性。或AB，考非A非B二、文章的十大考點(diǎn)1、列舉處常考細(xì)節(jié)題，特別是Which型和Except型；2、轉(zhuǎn)折處和對比處?？糎owever,but,yet,infact,although,轉(zhuǎn)折：unlike,until,however,but等。3、例子常考推斷題和細(xì)節(jié)題as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,i.e.etc.4、數(shù)字和年代?？嘉闹械臄?shù)字、年代和日期常常是命題的重點(diǎn)。5、最高級和絕對性詞匯?？即鸢妇哂形ㄒ恍詍ust,all,only,anyone,always,never,或most,first.6、專有名詞?？既嗣⒌孛葘Ｓ忻~7、細(xì)節(jié)處常考細(xì)節(jié)題同位語，插入語，定語，長句的后半句，從句，副詞，介詞，不定式。8、因果句常考推斷題因果連詞：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,consequentlyetc因果動(dòng)詞：cause,resultin，originatefrom,etc因果名詞：base,basis,result,consequence.etc請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!9、段落中心句?？贾黝}題和細(xì)節(jié)題段首句和文尾句往往是作者表達(dá)中心思想和進(jìn)行總結(jié)綜述之處，10、特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)?？技?xì)節(jié)題破折號、括號、冒號表示解釋，引號表示引用示例1、Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors(流星)butalsobecauseofraysfromsunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamageapersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butnotcellsofhissexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthof(deformed)childrenorevengrandchildren.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnotreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Atpresent,radiationseemstobethegreatestphysicalhazardtospacetravelersbutitisimpossibletosayjusthowseriousthehazardwillturnouttobeinthefuture.1、Accordingtothepassage,withoutatmosphereA)spaceshipscanneverbeshotintospaceB)sunlightcantreachtheearth（具體不是解）C)plantscanproducevariedfoodD)ourenvironmentwouldbeintolerable（概括是解，含義相反的是解）2、WhenmenspendlongperiodinspacetheywillprotectthemselvesbyA)takingspecialdrugsB)wearingspecialsuits（替換spacesuits是解）C)usingaprotectiveblanketD)nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet3、ThegreatestdangertomeninspaceisA)meteorsB)weightlessnessC)radiationD)magneticforce轉(zhuǎn)折處最高級舉處長句后半句轉(zhuǎn)折，長句后半句列舉處，因果關(guān)系請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!4、Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A)thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformedB)thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgansC)radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations（may是解）D)radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful5、Radiationisdangeroustomen,A)butwedontknowexactlyhowdangerousitisB)butonlyinspace（替換是解）C)soweshouldbuildupourhealthD)andwecandonothingaboutitatthepresenttime示例2、Everyweareallinfluencedbythemassmedia.Althoughsomecriticsofthemediaclaimthatthesemeansofcommunicationareusedmainlytocontrolourthinkingandgetustobuyproductsthatwedontneed,themediaalsocontributetokeepingpeopleinformed.Inotherwords,whiledangersdoexist,thebenefitsofthemediafaroutweighthedisadvantages.Mostofthemessagesbroughttoviewers,listeners,andreadersaredesignedeithertoinformortoentertain,andneitherofthesegoalscanbeconsidereddangerousorharmful.Ifconsumersofthemediacouldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessagescritically,i.e.tothinkcarefullyaboutwhatisbeingcommunicated,theywouldbeabletotakeadvantageoftheinformationandenjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit.Thekeytocriticalthinkingisrecognizingthepurposesofthenewsorscriptwriters,theadvertisers,andsoon.Arebothsidesofanissuebeingpresented?Istheamountofviolenceandkillingshownnecessarytothepointofastory?Haveenoughfactsaboutaproductbeingadvertisedbeenpresented?Besides,inacountrywithademocraticformofgovernment,thepeoplecanbekeptinformedbythemassmedia.Tobeabletoexpresstheirviewsandvoteintelligently,citizensneedtheopportunitytohearnews,opinions,andpublicaffairsprogramming.InformationaboutcurrenteventsispresentedindepthonpubliclyfundedTVchannelsandradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers.Inaddition,thepublicbroadcastingmediacanhelpviewersandlistenerstocompleteorfurthertheireducation.Themediaalsogivepeopletheinformationtheyneedintheirdailylivesandthemediacanbeavaluablemeansofeducatingthepublic.Eventhoughthemediacanbemisused,mostoftheireffectsarepositive.1.ThemainpointthewritertriestomakeinthistextisthatA.Advertisingisharmfulwhenitpresentsincorrectinformation.B.Thepositiveeffectsofthemassmediaoutweighthenegativeones.（概括是解）C.Peopleshouldlearntotakeadvantageofthemediasbenefits.D.TVismoreusefulasameansofentertainmentthanasameansofprovidinginformation.2.Whatshouldconsumersofthemassmediabetaughtatanearlyage?A.Tobringtheirimaginationintofullplaywhenwatchingprogramsoflowquality.B.Tobuyproductsadvertisedsothatthedemandincreases.C.ToturnofftheTVsetwhenhurtbybadprograms.舉例，長句因果，列舉，長句后半句轉(zhuǎn)折，長句后半句請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!D.Tothinkcarefullyaboutthemessagesbroughttothem.（替換是解）3.Wecanlearnfromparagraph3thatcitizenswillbeinabetterpositiontoexpresstheirviewsandmaketheirchoicesiftheyareA.HighlyeducatedthroughTVandradio.B.WellprotectedbythegovernmentC.HighlypaidbytheemployersD.Wellinformedbythemedia（概括是解）4.Theunderlinedphrase“indepth”inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedbyA.Thoroughly（句義，詞形）B.PartlyC.RelativelyD.Simply沈陽吳軍高分英語家教地址：鐵西區(qū)啟工街地鐵口旁第一城A組團(tuán)3號一層網(wǎng)址:電話：2012高考英語翻盤逆轉(zhuǎn)押題預(yù)測必考點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單主講人：吳軍第一部分：單項(xiàng)選擇定語從句出題思路預(yù)測先行詞n./pron-被定語從句修飾的,根據(jù)先行詞選擇連接詞物：which/that/whose人：who/whom/that/whose當(dāng)先行詞與連接詞后面的名詞n存在所屬關(guān)系時(shí)（的）2012定從預(yù)測1Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it2012定從預(yù)測2Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that2012定從預(yù)測3Ivebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!2012定從預(yù)測4Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those2012定從預(yù)測5Aperson_e-mailaccountisfullwontbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever2012定從預(yù)測6Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing_developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that2012定從預(yù)測7Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.whatas與which均可替代整個(gè)主句在非限制性定語從句中，均可替代整個(gè)主句.如從句在主句之后，兩者皆可用；如從句在主句之前，用as。介詞/逗號后,永遠(yuǎn)不用that!Theyfailedintheexam，as/whichisnatural.Asisknowntoall，theearthmovesaroundthesun.HepassedtheCollegeEntranceExamination,madehisparentsveryhappy.A.asB.whichC.thatD.it2012定從預(yù)測8_isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What比較：_isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2012定從預(yù)測9Jimpassedthedrivingtest,A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2012定從預(yù)測10_isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What2012定從預(yù)測11Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which2012定從預(yù)測12_hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What地點(diǎn)：where/which/that時(shí)間：when/which/that2012定從預(yù)測13TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,is請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!oneofLondonstouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2012定從預(yù)測14Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where2012定從預(yù)測15Occasionsarequiterare.Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when2012定從預(yù)測16Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when2012定從預(yù)測17Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where怎么確定關(guān)系代詞前用什么介詞?（1）定語從句中動(dòng)詞和什么介詞搭配Guncontrolisasubject_Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(aboutwhich-argueaboutsth)Thereisnoone_shecanturnwhenintrouble(towhom-turntosbforhelp)（2）先行詞常和什么介詞搭配。Thereason_hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.(forwhich-thereasonfor)2012定從預(yù)測18Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich2012定從預(yù)測19GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich2012定從預(yù)測20Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich2012定從預(yù)測21Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):插入語和定語干擾!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!請上或上百度,輸入沈陽英語家教吳軍查詢!2012定從預(yù)測22Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstructionhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.AforwhichBwithwhichCofwhichDtowhich2012定從預(yù)測23Thenewlybuiltcaf,thewallsof_arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which2012定從預(yù)測24MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that2012定從預(yù)測25Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these2012定從預(yù)測26Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom定語從句真題練習(xí)2009遼寧Theyvewontheirlastthreematches,_IfindabitsurprisingA.thatB.whenC.whatD.which2007遼寧Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis2006遼寧Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study；ofwhomB.study；ofthemC.studying；ofthemD.studying；ofwhom2004遼寧Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatDBDA名詞性從句出題思路預(yù)測區(qū)別什么從句應(yīng)看主句，主句不完整時(shí)從句肯定是名詞性從句。主句完整時(shí)，從句可能是定語從句，狀語從句，或者同位語從句。Ihaveforgottenwherewewentyesterday.Wherewewentyesterdayiscoveredwithallkindsofflowers.Oh!Thisiswherewecameyesterday.Thisistheplacewherewecameyesterday.請上ww