Academic English復(fù)習(xí),好好背哈.docx

Academic EnglishUnit1:Studying BusinessNew words and expressionsAdversity逆境；不幸 Capitalistic資本主義的Compelling令人信服的 array大群；大堆；大量stockholder股東work force勞動(dòng)力prospective可能的，潛在的underestimate低估dedication奉獻(xiàn)；熱忱perseverance堅(jiān)忍；堅(jiān)持不懈mailable可郵寄的cooperative合作完成的on-demand按要求的billionaire億萬(wàn)富翁undercapitalization資本不足convertible敞篷汽車sander打磨機(jī)vendor賣家Hispanic講西班牙語(yǔ)的stockbroker股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人personality名人（尤指藝人或運(yùn)動(dòng)員）facet (問題，情況，性格等的)一個(gè)方面free enterprise自由企業(yè)制度American Express美國(guó)運(yùn)通公司Red Cross紅十字會(huì)Save the Children救助兒童會(huì)business plan經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)劃；創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃mutual fund共同基金business landscape商業(yè)格局close substitute功能接近的替代品competitive advantage競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)competitive dynamics 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)勢(shì)entrepreneur企業(yè)家pricing定價(jià)price sensitive/insensitive 對(duì)價(jià)格（不）敏感的price targeting區(qū)別定價(jià)策略sales force銷售隊(duì)伍social networking site（SNS）社交網(wǎng)站target audience目標(biāo)受眾complete the sentences1. The bank，s credit rating has been downgraded because of concerns about undercapitalization.(資本不足)2. Fees and expense are an important consideration in selecting a mutual fund because these charges lower your returns.3. If you seek financing through a bank or an investor，you，d better come up with a compelling business plan.4. The bank charges a fixed rate for each transaction.（交易）5. This is why no research study，no matter how far back it extends,will ever fully prescribe an accurate road map for business of the future。6. Intelligent on-demand products provide simpler，faster，and cheaper solutions for customers to lower cost.7. He has been charged with tax fraud.（欺騙，詐騙）8. Women now represent almost 50% of the work force.9. When it comes to purchasing a new lap-top,customers service matters.Unit2:MarketingNew words and expressionsmarketer營(yíng)銷人員commonality共同特征；共性manipulation操縱；控制charged引起強(qiáng)烈感情的；maximize使最大化entice誘使；誘惑nutritious有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的sociological社會(huì)學(xué)的；社會(huì)的scent氣味；香味tangible可觸知的；明確的boutique精品店（尤指精品服裝店）lifeblood命脈；生命線capitalism資本主義profitability盈利；利潤(rùn)discount store折扣商店public relations公共關(guān)系銷售行為客戶關(guān)系管理經(jīng)營(yíng)理念滿足消費(fèi)者需求操縱營(yíng)銷工具誘導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品有效營(yíng)銷理想的目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)促銷產(chǎn)品1 the act of sales 2 manage customer relationships3 business philosophy4 satisfy consumer requirements5 manipulate the tools of marketing6 entice consumers to buy products7 effective marketing8 ideal target market9 promote productsmaximize interest10 利益最大化the packaging of the product11 產(chǎn)品包裝the design and manufacturing of the product12 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)與生產(chǎn)an established brand13 知名品牌consume a product14 消費(fèi)產(chǎn)品exclusive distribution15 獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷event marketing16 事件營(yíng)銷cut the cost of manufacturing17 減少生產(chǎn)成本complete the sentences5 Exclusive distribution is a situation in which only certain dealers are authorized to sell a specific product within a particular territory.6 The activity of designing or developing a themed activity, occasion, display, or exhibit (such as a sporting event, music festival, fair, or concert) to promote a product is called _.target market 3 There is no doubt that in todays business environment, it is becoming increasingly difficult to manage customer relationships profitably.2 sales promotion is the use of activities or materials in order to increase the sales of a product or service.1 While it is possible that one promotional method may be used, it is likely that two, three, or four methods will be used in a promotion mix, depending on the type of product and _ involved.4 Marketers often leverage(借貸收購(gòu)) the positive equity of an existing offering by launching a new product using the established brand name.6 The activity of designing or developing a themed activity, occasion, display, or exhibit (such as a sporting event, music festival, fair, or concert) to promote a product is called event marketing.Definitions of marketingMarketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders.市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷是一種組織職能，也是一套流程，用于為客戶創(chuàng)造、傳播和交付價(jià)值及管理客戶關(guān)系，并惠及組織及其利益相關(guān)者。Marketing refers to the core business philosophy that directs the processes of identifying and fulfilling the needs of individuals and organizations through exchanges which create superior value for all parties.市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷是一種核心經(jīng)營(yíng)理念，它指引識(shí)別并滿足個(gè)人和組織需求的流程，通過交換為所有參與方創(chuàng)造卓越價(jià)值。Marketing is the management process for identifying, anticipating and satisfying consumer requirements profitably.市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷是識(shí)別、預(yù)估和滿足消費(fèi)者需求，并為企業(yè)帶來利潤(rùn)的管理流程。In summary, marketing is: a) discovering and giving consumers what they want and need, and b) doing this at a profit.總之，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷是：a) 發(fā)現(xiàn)并滿足消費(fèi)者的愿望和需求； b) 并在這個(gè)過程中盈利。4ps:product price place promotion5ps:product price place promotion peopleUnit5:E-BusinessNew words and expressionswholesaler批發(fā)商supplier供應(yīng)商bid喊價(jià)；出價(jià)individualized有個(gè)性的formidable了不起的shakeout重大變革；重組optimism樂觀主義analyst分析家broadband寬帶allocate分配project預(yù)測(cè)；推斷cost-effective低成本高利潤(rùn)的originate起源于；來自demographic人口統(tǒng)計(jì)的；人口結(jié)構(gòu)的societal社會(huì)的business-to-business（B2B）企業(yè)對(duì)企業(yè)的電子商務(wù)business-to-customers（B2C）企業(yè)對(duì)消費(fèi)者的電子商務(wù)carrying cost置存成本（也稱“維持成本”）General Motors通用汽車公司eBay易貝網(wǎng)Ford福特汽車公司e-business models 電子商務(wù)模式reduce expenses 減少開銷corporate clients企業(yè)客戶unsold inventory 未售的存貨wholesalers and retailers批發(fā)商和零售商comparison shopping比較購(gòu)物buying preferences購(gòu)物偏好individualized service個(gè)性化服務(wù)generate sales revenues創(chuàng)造銷售收入information database信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)facilitate sales transactions簡(jiǎn)化交易程序fairly priced, high-quality computer products標(biāo)價(jià)合理、高品質(zhì)的電腦產(chǎn)品large quantities of raw materials大量的原材料increase the volume of purchases增加購(gòu)買量build long-term relationships with the customers與消費(fèi)者建立長(zhǎng)期的關(guān)系broadband access to the Internet因特網(wǎng)寬帶連接corporate client公司客戶distribution channel分銷渠道e-business model 電子商務(wù)模式 e-commerce infrastructure 電子商務(wù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施enhance reputation提高聲譽(yù)honor system誠(chéng)信制度complete the sentences銷售鏈不情愿generate sales revenuebuying preferencesIndividualized serviceHuman resourcesgrowth opportunityconduct business增長(zhǎng)機(jī)會(huì)人力資源Unit 7：Brands and BrandingNew words and expressionsgeneric一般的；通用的branding品牌建設(shè)attribute（產(chǎn)品）屬性constitute成分non-profit非營(yíng)利組織go awry出岔子；出錯(cuò)retro（時(shí)裝和設(shè)計(jì)）復(fù)舊的；重新流行的 grainy有顆粒的，有紋理的drive-through免下車的kiosk售貨亭thoroughfare大道；通路unanimously全體一致地aggregate合計(jì)；集合體cement將結(jié)合在一起；加強(qiáng)；鞏固conversely相反地incongruent不一致地；不協(xié)調(diào)地brand experience品牌體驗(yàn)consumer bank零售銀行direct mail郵遞廣告brand loyalty品牌忠誠(chéng)度brand equity品牌資產(chǎn)brand value品牌價(jià)值differentiation差異；差異化luxury brand奢侈品牌niche縫隙市場(chǎng)sub-brand子品牌temp service臨時(shí)雇員中介touch point客戶接觸點(diǎn)translation：1 電郵廣告比郵遞廣告便宜，因?yàn)椴挥没ㄥX買郵票和信封，也不用印刷。Advertising through e-mails are cheaper than through direct mails because there are no costs on such things as stamps，envelopes，or printing.2 這個(gè)品牌的產(chǎn)品廣告與實(shí)務(wù)不一致。There is an inconsistency between the advertising and the product.3 更多的高質(zhì)量客戶接觸點(diǎn)會(huì)讓客戶在出手購(gòu)買前更容易想到你。More high-quality touch points with your customers will make you stand a better chance of beinglo on top of consumer，s minds when they are about to make the purchase.4 購(gòu)買非品牌的產(chǎn)品的主要原因是省錢。Saving money is the primary reason for buying generic products.Unit 9：Personal FinancesNew words and expressionstrade away交換begrudge吝惜；舍不得給lesser更小的；次要的paycheck薪水nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)nebulous朦朧的；含糊的miscellaneous混雜的；各種各樣 stoic淡泊的subsist活下去；維持生活shack簡(jiǎn)陋木屋refrain一再重復(fù)的話preceding在前的；在先的bust（使）破產(chǎn)plastic信用卡muddy攪渾水prey on sb.試圖欺騙（傷害）resultant作為結(jié)果的bells and whistles 點(diǎn)綴品pitch推銷話語(yǔ)impulsive沖動(dòng)的spontaneity自發(fā)性；自然replenish重新裝滿；補(bǔ)充template模板saddle sb. with sth. 使負(fù)擔(dān)；強(qiáng)加fastidiously挑剔地；講究地onslaught大批（人或物）multitude許多（人或物）Bureau of Labor Statistics勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局post-tax income稅后收入Mind the gap小心（站臺(tái)）間隙core value核心價(jià)值insurance settlement保險(xiǎn)理賠coupo codes優(yōu)惠碼choice paralysis選擇麻痹down payment首付equity investor權(quán)益投資者impulsive buy 沖動(dòng)購(gòu)物begrudge bargain1 No one could him the money when he asks for helphes such a nice guy.impulsive 2 This coat was halfprice a real . incomes3 Dont be so think before you act. budget 4 Ave