綜合英語(yǔ)6課文翻譯(1-7).doc

Unit1TechnologyinReverseLetmeintroduceyouretardedtechnology.Itstheoppositeofadvancedtechnology.Advancedtechnologyenablesustodousefulnewthingsortodooldthingsmoreefficiently.Bycontrast,retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Worse,itencouragesustodothingsthatdontneeddoingatall.Ithasmadewasterespectable,elaboratealluringandevenfun.1.讓我給你介紹落后科技。它是先進(jìn)科技的對(duì)立面。先進(jìn)的科技讓我們更有效地利用新事物或是舊事物。相反，落后科技則會(huì)使那些本來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單快捷的做事方式變成新和浪費(fèi)。更糟糕的是，它會(huì)鼓勵(lì)我們做那些不需要的事，使浪費(fèi)變得可敬，值得做，誘人，甚至是有趣。Justtheotherweek,NEWSWEEKreportedaboominelectronicbooks.Theideaistoputbooksontodiscsthatyoucanplugintoyourcustomizedbook-displayingcomputer.Heresaswellideaofretardedtechnology.Ontheonehand,youcanbuya$900or$9,000book-readingcomputerthatyoucanfeedwith$20discsofyourfavoritebooks.Itscumbersome.Ifyoutakeittothebeach,itgetscloggedwithsand.Youcantuseitasapillow.Ifitslipsoffthekitchencounter,itsmashes.2.幾個(gè)星期前，新聞周刊報(bào)道了電子書(shū)的一個(gè)爆炸新聞。這個(gè)創(chuàng)意是你可以把書(shū)裝在可以接通你電子書(shū)電腦的光盤(pán)上。這是落后科技的極佳創(chuàng)意。一方面，你得買(mǎi)個(gè)價(jià)值900美元或900美元的，可以裝滿20本你最喜歡閱讀書(shū)的書(shū)本閱讀電腦。這很繁瑣。如果你帶它去沙灘，它可能會(huì)摔在地上。你不能把當(dāng)做枕頭去用。如果在廚房柜臺(tái)上滑倒，還會(huì)打碎。Ontheotherhand,youcanbuyanold-fashionedbook.Itscheaper,moremobile,lessfragileandmoredurable.Youcanlendit,eventocasualfriends.Ifyoudontlikeit,youcanstopreadingwithouthatingyourselfforeverbuyingit.Losingitisnotatraumatizingevent.3.另一方面，你可以買(mǎi)本舊書(shū)。它會(huì)便宜，更方便，不容易碎，還很耐用。你可以借出去，甚至是陌生人。如果你不喜歡它，可以不去考慮你曾經(jīng)買(mǎi)了它而恨自己去不讀。弄丟了，也不是件多么傷心的事。Thepro-technologycomebackisthatcomputerswillsomedaycompressentirelibrariesontochipsordiscsand,thereby,openvastvistasofinformationtoalmostanyone.Thetroublewiththisisarithmeticandcommonsense.Aschoollibrarywith2,000bookscantheoreticallyserve2,000readerssimultaneously.Aschoollibrarywithonecomputerterminalthatcancallup200,000bookscanserveonlyonereaderatatime.Thecomputercreatesabottleneck.Sure,thelibrarycanbuymorecomputers,buttheyrecostlierandbulkierthanbooks.Finally,therescommonsense:domostpeoplereallyneedaccessto,say,theentirecollectionoftheNewYorkPublicLibrary?4.支持科技回歸是因?yàn)殡娔X有一天將整個(gè)圖書(shū)館壓縮在芯片或是光盤(pán)上，從而，給幾乎任何人開(kāi)放巨大信息的影像。帶來(lái)的麻煩是算術(shù)和常識(shí)問(wèn)題。一個(gè)藏書(shū)2000冊(cè)的學(xué)校圖書(shū)館理論上可以同時(shí)服務(wù)兩千人。而裝有一個(gè)搜索200000冊(cè)圖書(shū)的電腦終端的學(xué)校圖書(shū)館一次只能服務(wù)一個(gè)讀者。電腦成了瓶頸。當(dāng)然，圖書(shū)館可以買(mǎi)更多的電腦，但那比圖書(shū)更笨重和浪費(fèi)。最終形成一個(gè)共識(shí)：大多數(shù)人真的需要這種途徑，比如說(shuō)，紐約公共圖書(shū)管的整個(gè)收藏嗎？Heresanotherexampleoftechnologyracingbackward:thevideopressrelease.Inmybusiness,werebombardedwithpressreleasesforproducts,politiciansandpolicies.Andnowtherearepromotionalvideos.Insteadofa10-centpressreleasethattooktwodaystoprepareand29centstomail,Igeta$4.50tapethatcost$2tomailandtwomonthstoprepare.Icanreadstandardpressreleasesin10or15secondsbeforetossing99percentofthem.Butthevideosgettossedimmediately.ToviewthemwouldrequirefindingaVCRandwastingfiveto10minuteswatching.Sorry,nosale.Thevideocostsmoreanddoesless.5.另一個(gè)科技倒退的例子是新聞稿錄像。就我而言，我們總是圍繞在產(chǎn)品，政治和治安的新聞下。還有一些促銷(xiāo)新聞錄像。代替一張10美分的新聞，它的花費(fèi)是兩天去準(zhǔn)備，并花29美分去郵寄，我可以得到一個(gè)4.5美元的磁帶，它的花費(fèi)是2美元郵寄，2個(gè)月去準(zhǔn)備。在沒(méi)有完全了解前，我可以在10到15秒內(nèi)閱讀一份標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的新聞稿。但錄像可以直接扔。去游覽它們需要一臺(tái)錄像機(jī)，花5到10分鐘去觀看。不好意思，沒(méi)有銷(xiāo)售。這個(gè)錄像得不償失。Iamnotabouttoarguethatalltechnologyisbad.Heavens,no.Oursisaneraofconspicuoustechnologicalupheaval.Butthepurportedgainsofnewtechnology-risingincomes,greaterproductivity-seemtoeludeus.Somehow,theparadoxmustbeexplained.Onetheoryholdsthatwerestillintheprimitivestagesof,say,thecomputerrevolution,whosefullbenefitswillsoonburstuponus.Maybe.(Acorollaryisthattechno-dopeslikemeareholdingbackprogress.)6.我不準(zhǔn)備去爭(zhēng)論所有科技都不好。上帝，沒(méi)有。我們身處顯而易見(jiàn)科技的巨變下。但新科技的預(yù)想收獲，增加收入，豐富產(chǎn)品，看起來(lái)離我們漸行漸遠(yuǎn)。不管怎么樣，我們需要求知。一個(gè)理論說(shuō)明我們?nèi)蕴幱?，比方說(shuō)，電腦革命的初級(jí)階段，它的收獲將會(huì)在我們身上爆發(fā)?？赡馨桑ㄒ粋€(gè)推論是像我一樣的科技笨蛋正在阻礙進(jìn)步。）Buttothistheory,Iwouldaddthenotionofretardedtechnology.Yup,thegainsfromnewtechnologiesareplentifulandreal.Butthebenefitsarebeingcrudelyoffsetbyalotoftechnology-inspiredwaste.Technologyisoftenmisusedbecausethereasonspeopleembraceitcanbefairlyfrivolous.Towit:7.但對(duì)于這種理論，我想補(bǔ)充落后科技的理論。是的，從新科技得到的是巨大和真實(shí)的。但這種收獲卻被一大堆希望科技垃圾粗辱地抵消?？萍荚诒粸E用，因?yàn)槔硇缘娜嗽谙喈?dāng)愚蠢地使用它。比如說(shuō)：SocialStatus.SupposeyourbrotherinHonolulugetsacarphone.Hemightevenneeditforwork.Canyouthenbewithoutone?Obviouslynot.Needisntanissue.(Since1985,thenumberofcellularsubscribershasleapedfrom340,000toabout8million.)社會(huì)地位。假如你的一位在夏威夷的兄弟得到一部車(chē)載電話。他僅僅是為了工作需要它。你不想要一部嗎？很顯然不是。需求不是一個(gè)問(wèn)題（自1985年，移動(dòng)電話的數(shù)量從34萬(wàn)陡增到800萬(wàn)部。）AdultPlay.Newmachinesareoftengrown-uptoys,successorstoLegosanddolls.AwomanIknowwell(mywife)recentlyexultedaftercreatinginvitationcardsonherpersonalcomputer.(Idarednotaskhowlongthistook.)IknowIcouldhavegoneoutandboughtHallmarkcards,shesays.ButImsoproudofmyself.Imthrilled.Intheoffice,computermailhastransformedidlechitchatintoanall-dayaffair.成人娛樂(lè)。新機(jī)器往往是成長(zhǎng)玩具，樂(lè)高積木和玩偶的使用者。一個(gè)我非常了解的女人（我的妻子）最近很高興，她在自己的個(gè)人電腦上制作了邀請(qǐng)函。（我不敢去問(wèn)她花了多久。）“我知道我本可以出去，買(mǎi)張豪馬卡片”，她說(shuō)?！暗液茏院?，很興奮。”在辦公室，電腦郵件已經(jīng)讓空虛的無(wú)聊轉(zhuǎn)變成一整天的事務(wù)。TheMountEverestEffect.Everynewtechnologyinspiresthetemptationtoseewhatitwilldo-nomatterhowinaneortime-consumingthetask.ThisisthetechnologicalequivalentofWereclimbingthatmountainbecauseitsthere.Hence,thevideopressrelease.Entireareasofacademiclife(politicalscience,economicsandevenhistory)arenowincreasinglygivenovertonumbercrunching.Computersallownumberstobeeasilycrunched;sotheyare.Genuinethoughtisdiscouraged.Thesamethought-deadeningprocessafflictsAmericanmanagers.珠峰效應(yīng)。每項(xiàng)新科技會(huì)產(chǎn)生誘惑來(lái)看它能做什么，不管它多么愚蠢或是花了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間實(shí)驗(yàn)。這就是“我們?cè)谂老蚰亲谀堑拇笊健钡膶?duì)等物。今后，則是錄像新聞稿。學(xué)術(shù)生活（政治學(xué)，經(jīng)濟(jì)甚至歷史）的整個(gè)范圍正在極大的數(shù)量在運(yùn)算。電腦允許數(shù)字很容易運(yùn)算。它們確實(shí)是。天才的想法是不被鼓勵(lì)的。同樣壞想法的加工折磨著美國(guó)用戶。Thesurvivalofstupidtechnologyisordainedbyegoandmoney.Newtechnologiesoftenrequireaheftyinvestment.Onceinvestmentsaremade,theycanteasilybeunmade.Todosowouldbeembarrassing.Oldandinexpensivewaysofdoingthingsareeliminatedtohelppayfornewandexpensivemethods.Retardedtechnologybecomesinstitutionalizedandpermanent.8.愚蠢科技的存在是被自我和金錢(qián)而制定的。新科技往往需要一大筆巨額投資。一旦投資，它們則不容易被制造。這樣做將會(huì)很尷尬。舊的便宜的方法被淘汰來(lái)幫助新的昂貴的方法。落后的科技正逐漸有組織和長(zhǎng)久。、Thisisroutinelydenied,becausepeoplewontadmittheyrefrivolousorwasteful.Onesurveyofcellular-phoneownersfoundthat87percentsaidtheirphonesraisedtheirproductivitybyanaverageof36percent.Morethanhalf(54percent)saidthephonehadimprovedtheirmarriages.Imagineifthesegainsweregeneralizedtotheentirepopulation:oureconomysoutputwouldinstantlyleapfrom$6trillionto$8trillion;divorcerateswouldplunge,andfamilyvalueswouldtriumph.Whatweneedarecellularsubsidiessoeveryonecanhaveone.9.這是正常的否定，因?yàn)槿藗儾粫?huì)承認(rèn)自己很愚蠢和奢侈。一項(xiàng)關(guān)于移動(dòng)手機(jī)擁有者得調(diào)查顯示87%的用戶說(shuō)手機(jī)平均提高了他們的生產(chǎn)量36%。一半以上（54%）說(shuō)手機(jī)提高了他們的婚姻質(zhì)量。假設(shè)這些被廣泛普及到整個(gè)人群。我們經(jīng)濟(jì)的出口量將會(huì)立馬從6萬(wàn)億增長(zhǎng)到8萬(wàn)億。離婚率將會(huì)銳減，家庭價(jià)值觀會(huì)和諧。我們需要做的是讓每個(gè)人成為手機(jī)用戶。Thebeatgoeson.AppleComputerrecentlyannouncedNewton,thefirstofagenerationofhandheldpersonaldigitalassistants.Newtonwill,Applesays,recognizeyourhandwritingwhenyouscribblesomethingonitssmalldisplayscreen.Thisseemsimpressive.YouscrawlJoeSmith,andNewtoncallsupJoeSmithfromitsmemoryandtellsyouJoesphonenumberandanythingelseyouveputinJoestinyfile.JustlikeaRolodex.10.步伐繼續(xù)著。蘋(píng)果電腦最近發(fā)布newton，第一代個(gè)人型掌上電腦。蘋(píng)果說(shuō)，newton將會(huì)認(rèn)可你的書(shū)寫(xiě)方式當(dāng)你在小小屏幕隨意幾筆時(shí)。這讓人印象深刻。你亂寫(xiě)出“joesmith”，newton將會(huì)從存儲(chǔ)中提取“joesmith”，告訴你joe的電話號(hào)碼及其你記錄關(guān)于joe的個(gè)人文件，像名片盒一樣。Hey,maybeaRolodexisbetter.Itscheaper.Howaboutastandardnotebookoraddressbook?Theyalreadyaccepthandwriting.Evenfancyaddressbookscostonly$15or$20.ApplesaysNewton(whichwillalsoactasapagerandsendmessagesoverphonelines)willbepricedwellunder$1,000.Itshouldbeasmashingsuccess.11.喂，可能名片盒更好些。它很便宜。一個(gè)普通筆記本和地址薄怎么樣？它們可以書(shū)寫(xiě)。每個(gè)奇特的地址薄只需15到20美元。蘋(píng)果宣布newton（可以像紙一樣并通過(guò)電話線發(fā)送短信）將會(huì)定位在1000元下的合理價(jià)格。這將是個(gè)了不起的成就。Unit2AClassActGrowingupinbomb-blitzedManchesterduringtheSecondWorldWarmeanttimesweretough,moneywasshort,anxietywasrifeandthepawnshopwasafamiliardestinationformanyfamilies,includingmine.1. 成長(zhǎng)在二戰(zhàn)期間戰(zhàn)火連天的曼徹斯特意味著生活艱辛，金錢(qián)緊缺，整日焦慮不安，當(dāng)鋪成了大多數(shù)家庭經(jīng)常去的地方，當(dāng)然也包括我家。YetIcouldnothaveaskedformoreenterprisingandoptimisticparents.Theyheldourfamilytogetherwithhardwork,dignityandbucketloadsofcheer.Mysturdyandingeniousfathercouldturnhishandtoalmostanythingandwasnevershortofcarpentryandhandymanwork.Heevenparticipatedintheoddboutofbackstreetboxingtomakeendsmeet.Forherpart,ourMomwasthriftyandmeticulouslyclean,andherfivechildrenwerealwayssenttoschoolwellfed,scrubbedandattiredspotlessly,despitethetryingconditions.2.然而，我不能對(duì)已經(jīng)很有進(jìn)取心和積極樂(lè)觀的父母有更多的要求了。他們艱辛地工作，用尊嚴(yán)和快樂(lè)來(lái)支撐著這個(gè)家庭。我剛毅而又智慧的父親幾乎無(wú)所不能，而且從不缺木匠和手工藝活。為了滿足家庭開(kāi)支，他甚至參加了非法組織的拳擊比賽。至于我的母親，她勤勞節(jié)約，極愛(ài)干凈。即使條件艱苦，在母親的照料下，她的五個(gè)孩子總能吃得飽飽地，穿得干干凈凈地去學(xué)校。Thetroublewas,althoughmyclotheswereironedtoaknife-edge,andshoespolishedtoagleam,noteveryitemwasstandardschooluniformissue.WhileMomhadscrimpedandsavedtoobtainmostofthegear,Istilldidnthavetheprescribedblueblazerandhatband.3.盡管我的衣服熨得很平整，鞋子擦得發(fā)亮，還是不符合學(xué)校的著裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。盡管媽媽勤儉持家，想辦法為我們做衣服，但是我還是沒(méi)有學(xué)校指定的藍(lán)色校服和帽徽。Becauseofthewar,rationingwasinplaceandmostschoolshadrelaxedtheirattitudetowardsproperuniformsknowinghowharditwastoobtainclothes.Nevertheless,thegirlsschoolIattendedmadeitstrictpolicythateachofitsstudentswasproperlyattired,andthedeputyheadmistresswhoranthedailyassemblymadeithermissiontoteachmealesson.4.由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，政府實(shí)施定量配給制。很多學(xué)校都放寬了對(duì)學(xué)生著裝的要求，因?yàn)樗麄冎涝谀莻€(gè)時(shí)候弄到衣服是一件很困難的事情。盡管如此，我所在的女子學(xué)校對(duì)著裝的要求依舊很?chē)?yán)格，每個(gè)學(xué)生必須要穿學(xué)校指定的校服。所以，每天主持校會(huì)的副校長(zhǎng)就把教我一個(gè)人如何著裝當(dāng)成了他的工作。DespitemyattemptsatexplainingwhyIcouldntcomply,anddespitethefactthatIwasmakingslowprogresstowardsthefulluniform,everydayIwouldbehauledoutoflineandmadetostandonthestageasashiningexampleofwhatnottoweartoschool.5.雖然我努力地向老師說(shuō)明我不能遵守的理由，并且事實(shí)上，我也在努力地改進(jìn)，但是每天老師都會(huì)把我從隊(duì)伍中拉出來(lái)，然后讓我站到臺(tái)上，作為不穿校服到學(xué)校的學(xué)生的典型。EverydayIwouldbattlebacktearsasIstoodinfrontofmypeers,embarrassedand,mostoften,alone.Mypunishmentalsoextendedtobeingbarredfromthegymteamortonottakingpartintheweeklyballroomdancingclasses,whichIadored.IdesperatelywishedthatjustoneteacherinthishorridschoolwouldopentheireyesandseeallIcoulddo,ratherthanconstantlytellingmewhatIcouldntdo.6.每天，當(dāng)我獨(dú)自一人尷尬地站在同學(xué)們的面前時(shí)，我都會(huì)強(qiáng)忍住淚水。為了懲罰我，老師甚至不允許我參加體操隊(duì)，也不允許我參加我最喜歡的每周一次的交易舞會(huì)。我多么希望在這所可怕的學(xué)校里，能有這樣一位老師，他會(huì)睜開(kāi)雙眼，然后看看我會(huì)做什么，而不是不斷地告訴我不能做什么。However,inmy12-year-oldmindIhadnochoicebuttoseethepunishmentthrough.Iknewitwasveryimportantnottoletmywell-meaningmotherknowaboutthisritualhumiliation.IdidntdareriskhercomingtotheschooltospeakupformeasIknewtheblinkered,hard-nosedstaffwouldsimilarlymortifyherandthatwouldmeantwoofusunhappyandindignant.And,heavenforbid,ifsheevertoldmyfatherhewouldhaveinstantlybeenonthewarpathinmydefence.7.然而，在我十二歲的記憶中，除了接受懲罰我別無(wú)選擇。不要讓我善良的母親知曉這種慣例的懲罰對(duì)我而言是很重要的，我不敢冒險(xiǎn)讓她來(lái)學(xué)校為我說(shuō)情，因?yàn)槲抑佬男鬲M隘、不講情面的教員會(huì)同樣地使她難堪，那意味著我們倆都會(huì)不愉快、會(huì)有失顏面。千萬(wàn)不要啊，如果她告訴我父親的話，他將會(huì)立即為我大動(dòng)干戈。Thenonedayourfamilywonanewspapercompetitionforafreephotographicportraitsitting.Iwasbesidemyselfwithexcitement:myimaginationfuelledbyglamorousshotsofthepopularHollywoodtemptresses.Icouldntwaittotellmyfriendsthethrillingnews.8.后來(lái)有一天，我們家贏得了一個(gè)報(bào)刊比賽，可以免費(fèi)照相。當(dāng)我想到著名好萊塢影星華麗的照片時(shí)，我非常興奮。我迫不及待地想要把這個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的消息告訴我朋友。Thatwas,untilMamtoldmethatIwouldhavetowearmybest,lacetrimmedbrightgreendresstoschoolthatday,astheportraitsittingwasstraightafterclasses.ShehadnohintoftormentIfaced.9.直到那天，媽媽說(shuō)我必須穿我最好的淺綠色的鑲有蕾絲花邊的裙子去學(xué)校時(shí)，我知道我的想法破滅了，因?yàn)榕恼照迷谡n后，而她卻沒(méi)察覺(jué)到我所面臨的困窘。Therewasnoneofmyusualpleasureinputtingonthecherisheddressthatday.Heavy-hearted,Idraggedmyselftoschool,anemeraldgreentargetinaseaofblue.AtassemblyIdidntbothertowaitforthecommandbuttrudgeduptothestageofmyownaccordtoendurethesniggersoftheothergirlsandthebeadyeyesofthedeputyhead.10.到了這一天，我漫不經(jīng)心地穿上了那條珍愛(ài)的裙子，心情沉重地拖著腳步去了學(xué)校。在校會(huì)上，沒(méi)等到罰站的命令，我就徑直地走上了站臺(tái)，再一次忍受著同輩的嘲笑和副校長(zhǎng)的冷眼。TearsoffrustrationthreatenedtobreakfreeasIwonderedfortheumpteenthtimewhythecallousteachercouldntlookpastmyclothesforonceandseetheobedientandeager-to-participateyounggirlbeneath.11.當(dāng)我無(wú)數(shù)次地想到那個(gè)冷酷無(wú)情的老師對(duì)我的衣服連看都不看一眼，并對(duì)坐在下面乖巧且渴望加入年輕女孩隊(duì)伍的我視而不見(jiàn)時(shí)，委屈的淚水忍不住的想流下來(lái)。AfterassemblyourfirstclasswasEnglishLiterature,myfavouritelessonwithmyfavouriteteacher.IconsoledmyselfthatIcouldatleastlosemyselfinCharlesDickensATaleofTwoCitiesforawhileatthebackoftheclasstorecuperateandregainmycomposure.Imaginemydismaywhen,immediatelytheclassbegan,MissMcVeeorderedmetocomeandsitinthefrontrow,directlybeforeher.Islowlyroseand,blinkingbacktears,headedtothefrontoftheclass.SurelyMissMcVeehadntcrossedintotheenemycamp,too?12.校會(huì)結(jié)束以后，第一節(jié)課是英國(guó)文學(xué)，這是我最喜歡的一門(mén)課，上課的老師是我最喜歡的老師。為了能使我的內(nèi)心平靜下來(lái)，我安慰自己至少我還能在教室的后面享受品讀查爾斯狄更斯的雙城記。當(dāng)我還在假想的時(shí)候，卻突然上課了，邁克維讓我做到教室的前面，難道邁克維已經(jīng)加入了敵方陣營(yíng)？Withdowncasteyesandbowedhead,tearsonceagainthreatenedtobetraymydejection,eventhoughIhadalwaystriedmyhardestnottoshowhowmiserableIwasatbeingsingledouttimeaftertime.13.盡管在我一次又一次被挑出去站著的時(shí)候，我都盡力掩飾我有多么痛苦，但我低垂的眼，低下的頭和流出的淚又一次泄露了我的沮喪。AsItookmyseatatthefront,MissMcVeecockedherheadtoonesideandlookedmeupanddowncarefully.AndthenshecameoutwiththemostwelcomesentenceIhadeverheardatthatmean-spiritedplace.14.由于我坐在前排，邁克維小姐抬起頭從上到下仔細(xì)打量了我一番，之后她說(shuō)出了在這個(gè)心胸狹窄的地方我聽(tīng)到過(guò)的最動(dòng)聽(tīng)的一句話。Mydear,Ideclareyouarethebrightestandloveliestsightinthisentiredrearyschool.IamonlysorrythatIshallhavethepleasureoflookingatyouforjustonelessonandnottheentireday.15.親愛(ài)的，我覺(jué)得你就是這個(gè)沉悶的學(xué)校里最亮麗的最可愛(ài)的一道風(fēng)景線，看到你是一件讓人覺(jué)得愉悅的事情，而我們只有一節(jié)課的見(jiàn)面時(shí)間，不是一整天。Theblockoficethatwasmyyoungheartthawedinstantlyandmyshouldersrosebacktotheirfullheight.ImsurethesmileIgavethatwomanmusthavebeenthewidestshedeverseen.Ifloatedthroughtherestofthedaybuoyedbythewarmthgeneratedbyherthoughtfullychosenwords.16.我冰封的心瞬間就融化了，我開(kāi)始變得很自信。我相信我給她的那個(gè)微笑是她見(jiàn)過(guò)的最燦爛的笑容。在剩余的時(shí)間里我都因她的那些話所帶來(lái)的暖意而飄飄然了。AlthoughEnglishLiteraturewasherforte,thatdayMissMcVeetaughtme,andperhapsthewholeclass,alessonincompassionthatIhaveneverforgotten.Shetaughtmethatonekindwordinatimeofneedcanlastalifetime.Indeed,herthoughtfulwordsstrengthenedapartofmysoulthathasneverbeenweakenedbyanyoneoranythingsince.17.雖然她擅長(zhǎng)的是英國(guó)文學(xué)，但那天邁克維老師給我，甚至整個(gè)班級(jí)，上了一堂讓我至今難忘的教會(huì)人同情的一課。她教會(huì)我:在逆境中一句善意的話可以幫助人的一生。事實(shí)上，她意味深長(zhǎng)的話，讓我內(nèi)心深處的某一部分的靈魂更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，再也不會(huì)被任何人，任何事打敗。Unit3BardsoftheInternetOneoftheunintendedsideeffectsoftheinventionofthetelephonewasthatwritingwentoutofstyle.Oh,sure,therewerestillfull-timescribblers-journalists,academics,professionalwordsmiths.Andthegreatcentersofcommercestillfounditusefultokeeponhandpeoplewhocoulddraftamemo,abrief,apressreleaseoracontract.Butgivenachoicebetweenpickingupapenoraphone,mostfolkstooktheeasyrouteandgavetheirfingers-andsometimestheirmind-arest.1.電話發(fā)明的一個(gè)意想不到的副作用就是使寫(xiě)作脫離原有的格式。確實(shí)，現(xiàn)在仍有一些全職的三流作家，比如記者，學(xué)者，作家。在商業(yè)的中心，當(dāng)人們需要草擬一份備忘錄，簡(jiǎn)介，新聞稿或是合同時(shí)，手寫(xiě)仍然有用。但就拿筆或打電話而言，大多數(shù)人希望采取簡(jiǎn)便的方式并讓自己的手指放松，有時(shí)他們確實(shí)這樣想。Whichmakeswhatshappeningonthecomputernetworksallthemorestartling.Everynight,whentheyshouldbewatchingtelevision,millionsofcomputeruserssitdownattheirkeyboards;dialintoCompuServe,Prodigy,AmericaOnlineortheInternet;andstarttyping-E-mail,bulletin-boardpostings,chatmessages,rants,diatribes,evenshortstoriesandpoems.JustwhenthemediaofMcLuhanweresupposedtorenderobsoletethemediumofShakespeare,theonlineworldisexperiencingthegreatestboominletterwritingsincethe18thcentury.2.是什么發(fā)生在電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，讓其如此令人吃驚。每個(gè)夜晚，當(dāng)人們?cè)诳措娨晻r(shí)，數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的電腦用戶在他們的鍵盤(pán)前，撥號(hào)給CompuServe，Prodigy，美國(guó)在線或是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，并開(kāi)始打字，發(fā)郵件，發(fā)布電子公告，聊天，咆哮，謾罵，甚至寫(xiě)個(gè)短故事和詩(shī)歌。當(dāng)麥克盧漢的媒介被認(rèn)為提出了廢棄莎士比亞的媒介時(shí)，網(wǎng)上世界卻在經(jīng)歷著自18世紀(jì)以來(lái)在書(shū)寫(xiě)格式上最大的劇變。ItismyoverwhelmingbeliefthatE-mailandcomputerconferencingisteachinganentiregenerationabouttheflexibilityandutilityofprose,writesJonCarroll,acolumnistattheSan FranciscoChronicle.PatrickNielsenHayden,aneditoratTorBooks,compareselectronicbulletinboardswiththescribblerscompactsofthelate18thandearly19thcenturies,inwhichmemberspassedlettersfromhandtohand,addingalittlemoreateachturn.DavidSewell,anassociateeditorattheUniversityofArizona,likensnetwritingtotheliterarysceneMarkTwaindiscoveredinSanFranciscointhe1860s,whenpeoplewerereinventingjournalismbygraftingitontothetall-talefolktradition.OthersharkbacktoTomPaineandtheRevolutionaryWarpamphleteers,oreventotheElizabethanera,when,thankstoGutenberg,agenerationofEnglishwritersbecameintoxicatedwithlanguage.3.舊金山記事報(bào)的專(zhuān)欄作家，喬恩卡羅爾說(shuō)，我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為電子郵件和電腦會(huì)議技術(shù)在散文的適用和實(shí)用上影響了整整一代人。由托爾出版公司的編輯，帕特里克尼爾森海登認(rèn)為，與18世紀(jì)末，19世紀(jì)初的“作家小彩盒”，每個(gè)成員通過(guò)手與手之間傳遞信件，電子公告欄，在每個(gè)回合增加了一點(diǎn)。，亞利桑那大學(xué)的副主編，大衛(wèi)休厄爾，把網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品比作馬克吐溫在18世紀(jì)60年代發(fā)現(xiàn)的文學(xué)場(chǎng)景，人們正在通過(guò)在充滿是非的人為傳統(tǒng)中移植網(wǎng)絡(luò)作品，從而重新定義新聞業(yè)?；赝旭R斯潘恩和獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的小冊(cè)子作家們，亦或是伊麗莎白時(shí)代，由于古登堡的出現(xiàn)，那個(gè)年代的英國(guó)作家們開(kāi)始沉浸于語(yǔ)言的創(chuàng)作中。Butsuchco