English Test-V2.docx

- 沒有填黃的題目都是個性題，大家的答案應該不一樣，請各自準備。- 填黃的題目都是公共題，答案如下。1. Introduce yourself to each other2. What are the 3 most important qualities when evaluating a candidate for your job & why?3. Give me 3 advantages & 3 disadvantages of video & teleconferencing. StacyVideoTeleconferencingAdvantage1) You can view the behavior of the people;2) Useful: Reaches many people at different location simultaneously;3) More timely and frequent communications1) Cost saving;2) Convenience;3) Can mute;Disadvantage1) expensive2) internet connection required;3) more preparation required1) Cannot see;2) The line can be dropped easily;3) Cannot group many people4. What are signposts and why are they so important for presentations? KayeSignposts are used to signal the structure and progression of the presentation. Signposts are thus expressions that outline and structure the points of information or line of argumentation in the utterance/conversation. Presentation should be clearly structured, not just to the speaker but also to the audience. During the introduction, the presenter should tell the audience what the presentation structure will be. It is important that the presenter make it clear to the audience when he does what in the presentation by putting up signposts for them, at the beginning and all along the route. The presenter can use signposts to indicate, for instance, the change from the opening to the main body, and to introduce the ending of the presentation. Signposts can also be used to indicate the progression from one point to another in the main body. The audience can base on that visualize the presentation.We should also make sure that there is variation in the signposts we use. So instead of using the same signpost over and over again to indicate the progression into a new point, we use a couple of different ones, so we dont just go and then., and then., and then.Below are some signposts examples.To begin with, First of all, Secondly, Then, Finally, As you may know, This means, On the other hand, Let us now turn toOn the contrary, Furthermore, To sum up, Moreover, Moving on to5. Discuss 5 different important presentation tactics & why are they crucial for a successful presentation. SarahThere are 5 important presentation tactics: 1)Preparation/Practice Practice improves presentation. Good preparation is very important. Good preparation and planning will give you confidence. Your audience will feel your confidence and have confidence in you. This will give you control of your audience and of your presentation.2)Interactionto build a warm and friendly relationship with your audience.3)Visuals (flow chart, pie chart, line graph, table, bar chart)to draw audience attention to the key points.4)Toneto maintain interest by varying the speed, volume and pitch of your voice.5) Signposts (moving on, first, to sum up, next, then, in conclusion, finally)It is useful to signpost the presentation to show where one part ends and a new one starts. This helps to orientate the audience by making the structure of the presentation clear to follow.More for reference:6) Eye-contactBe careful to establish eye contact with each member of your audience. Each person should feel that you are speaking directly to him or her.7)Facial Expression8)Stats/Statistics, Graphs, Anecdotes, Quotes, Jokes6. Using anything that you want, describe the past and future trend of it using the appropriate verb/adverbs and noun/adjective.7. Discuss your top 3 strengths and weaknesses.8. What are the three types of questions and be prepared to give an example of each and why they are important? PhillipTypes of survey questions are, Open-endedThis type of question allows participants to respond in any way they choose. Open-ended questions provide primarily qualitative data, and are frequently used in exploratory research.ExampleQ: What are your feelings on gay marriage?A: Participants provide answers in their own words. Semi-openThis type of question allows participants to respond to as many selections they want and add extra options. Semi-open gives a balance between quantitative and exploratory aspects of the other two types of questions.ExampleHow do you relax (select all that apply):_ Exercise_ Watch TV_ Drinking_ KTV_ Reading_ Playing sports_ Other: _ Closed-endedIn contrast to open-ended questions, closed-ended questions require participants to choose from a limited number of responses predetermined by the researcher. There are 5 basic types of closed-ended questions: Multiple-choice, Categorical, Likert-scale, Numerical, Ordinal. Closed-ended questions provide primarily quantitative data, and are frequently used in confirmatory research. Multiple ChoiceUse a multiple-choice question when you want your respondents to choose the best possible answer among all options presented.ExampleWho wears glasses in your family ?口Father 口 Mother 口Brother 口Sister 口Spouse CategoricalUse a categorical question when the possible answers are categories, and the respondent must belong to one category.ExampleWhat kind of glass you wear, if you have short eyesight problem(近視) ?_ Physical glass (普通眼鏡)_ Lens (隱形眼鏡)_ No (近視，但不佩戴眼鏡) Likert-ScaleUse a Likert-Scale question when you are trying to determine respondents attitudes or feelings about something.ExampleDo you think computer is the main reason causing the teenage having short eyesight?For disagree to fully agree: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.Not reallycould beone of the reasonsmost probablyexactly the main reason OrdinalSometimes you may want your respondents to rank order their responses. A ranking indicates the importance assigned by a participant to an attitudinal object.ExamplePlease rank the importance of the following qualities in a team leader. (Please fill in your rank order in the spaces provided using the numbers 1 through 5)_ A team leader that is sincere_ A team leader that gets resources for the team_ A team leader that is an advocate for the team_ A team leader that is a strong disciplinarian_ A team leader that is a good motivator NumericalWhen the answer must be a number, ask a numerical question.ExampleWhat is your current age? (select one)_ Less than 18_ 18 to 29_ 30 to 49_ 50 or olderRemember: How you develop your questions depends on why you are conducting your survey, and how you plan to apply the data from your survey to your survey problem. Educate yourself on the various types of survey questions, and what purpose they serve before developing questions for your own survey project.9. What are the 5 negotiation tactics? Susanna10. What are the 1st and 2nd conditional and why are they important in negotiation? AustinThe 1st conditional sentences are used to talk about real and possible situations. Here we use a simple present tense in the if-clause and will + infinitive in the result clause.If you work hard, you will win.If you invite her, she will come.The 2nd conditional is used to talk about unreal and improbable situations. Here we use a past tense in the if-clause and would + infinitive in the result clause.If you worked hard, you would win.If you invited her, she would come.Difference between 1st conditional and 2nd conditional is not a difference of time. Both structures can refer to the present or future; the second conditional simply suggests that a situation is impossible or imaginary.v If you use the 1st conditional, it means it will happen and you give them promise.v If you use the 2nd conditional, it means it may happen or not and you didnt give them promise.11. Discuss the differences between flat and hierarchical structures and what are the adv/disadv of each? Which do you prefer and why? MelodieFlat StructureA flat organization refers to an organization structure with few or no levels of management between management and staff level employees. The flat organization supervises employees less while promoting their increased involvement in the decision-making process.Advantages of Flat Structure It elevates the employees level of responsibility in the organization. It removes excess layers of managements improves the coordination and speed of communication between employees. Fewer levels of management encourage an easier decision-making process among employees. Eliminating the salaries of middle management reduces an organizations budget costs.Disadvantages of Flat Structure Employees often lack a specific boss to report to, which creates confusion and possible power struggles among management. Flat organizations tend to produce a lot of generalists but no specialists. The specific job function of employees may not be clear. Flat structure may limit long-term growth of an organization; management may decide against new opportunities in an effort to maintain the structure. Larger organizations struggle to adapt the flat structure, unless the company divides into smaller, more manageable units.Hierarchical StructureA hierarchical organization follows the layout of a pyramid. Every employee in the organization, except one, usually the CEO, is subordinate to someone else within the organization. The layout consists of multiple entities that descend into the base of staff level employees, who sit at the bottom of the pyramid.Advantages of Hierarchical Structure Employees recognize defined levels of leadership within the organization; authority and levels of responsibility are obvious. Opportunities for promotion motivate employees to perform well. Hierarchical structures promote developing employees as specialists. Employees may narrow their field of focus and become experts in specific functions. Employees become loyal to their departments and look out for the best interest of their area.Disadvantages of Hierarchical Structure Communication across different departments tends to be less effective than in flat organizations. Rivalry between departments may inflame as each department makes decisions that benefit its own interests rather than the organizations as a whole. Increased bureaucracy often hinders an organizations speed to change. Increased time may be required to respond to clients. Salaries for multiple layers of management increase an organizations costs.12. What are the 7 learning styles and how do they apply to you? Nick Visual (spatial)If you use the visual style, you prefer using images, pictures, colors, and maps to organize information and communicate with others. You can easily visualize objects, plans, and outcomes in your minds eye. You also have a good spatial sense, which gives you a good sense of direction. You can easily find your way around using maps, and you rarely get lost. When you walk out of an elevator, you instinctively know which way to turn. The whiteboard is a best friend (or would be if you had access to one). You love drawing, scribbling, and doodling, especially with colors. You typically have a good dress sense and color balance (although not always!). Auditory (musical)If you use the aural style, you like to work with sound and music. You have a good sense of pitch and rhythm. You typically can sing, play a musical instrument, or identify the sounds of different instruments. Certain music invokes strong emotions. You notice the music playing in the background of movies, TV shows, and other media. You often find yourself humming or tapping a song or jingle, or a theme or jingle pops into your head without prompting. Verbal (linguistic)The verbal style involves both the written and spoken word. If you use this style, you find it easy to express yourself, both in writing and verbally. You love reading and writing. You like playing on the meaning or sound of words, such as in tongue twister, rhymes, limericks, and the like. You know the meaning of many words, and regularly make an effort to find the meaning of new words. You use these words, as well as phrases you have picked up recently, when talking to others. Physical (kinesthetic)If the physical style is more like you, its likely that you use your body and sense of touch to learn about the world around you. Its likely you like sports and exercise, and other physical activities such as gardening or woodworking. You like to think out issues, ideas, and problems while you exercise. You would rather go for a run or walk if something is bothering you, instead of sitting at home. You typically use larger hand gestures and other body language to communicate. You probably dont mind getting up and dancing either, at least when the time is right. When you are learning a new skill or topic, you would prefer to “jump in” and play with the physical parts as soon as possible. You would prefer to pull an engine apart and put it back together, rather than reading or looking at diagrams about how it works. The thought of sitting in a lecture listening to someone else talk is repulsive. In those circumstances, you fidget or cant sit still for long. You want to get up and move around. Logical (mathematical)If you use the logical style, you like using your brain for logical and mathematical reasoning. You can recognize patterns easily, as well as connections between seemingly meaningless content. This also leads you to classify and group information to help you learn or understand it. You typically work through problems and issues in a systematic way, and you like to create procedures for future user. You are happy setting numerical targets and budgets, and you track your progress towards these. You like creating agendas, itineraries, and to-do lists, and you typically number and rank them before putting them into action. Social (Interpersonal)If you have a strong social style, you communicate well with people, both verbally and non-verbally. People listen to you or come to you for advice, and you are sensitive to their motivations, feelings, or moods. You listen well a