英語幾大從句

1 主語從句主語從句 1 主語從句可直接位于主語的位置 如果從句較長 謂語又較短 可用 it 作形式主語 而將從句放在句末 常見的句型有 It is a fact a pity a question good news that It seems appears happened has turned out that It is clear important likely possible that It is said reported estimated has been proved that It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same gener ation It seems that the performance is very useful 2 what 引導的主語從句表示 的東西時 一般不用 it 作形式主語 What we lack is experience 3 what who when why whether 等詞含有各自的疑問意義 但它們引導的主語從句 都用 陳述語序 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again I did know why I felt like crying 2 2 賓語從句賓語從句 1 賓語從句可位于及物動詞 介詞和某些形容詞后 連詞 that ?？墒÷?介詞后一般接 疑問詞引導的賓語從句 in that 因為 except that 除了 but that 只是 已構(gòu)成固定搭配 其他介詞后一般不接 that 引導的賓語從句 I promised that I would change the situation All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children This article is well written except that it is a bit too long 2 賓語從句后如有賓補 要用形式賓語 it 來代替 而把賓語從句移至賓補之后 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind 3 在 think believe suppose expect 等動詞后的賓語從句中 如果謂語是否定的 一般將否 定詞移至主句謂語上 賓語從句則變成肯定形式 He didn t think that the money was well spent 3 表語從句表語從句 表語從句出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)為 主語 系動詞 表語從句 的句子中 表語從句除可用 that what w hen why whether how 等引導外 還可由 because as if though 等引導 that 常可省略 如主句主語為 reason 只能用 that 引導表語從句 不可用 because Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common typ e of life in America The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food su pplies 3 It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller 賓語從句后如有賓補 要用形式賓語 it 來代替 而把賓語從句移至賓補之后 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind 4 同位語從句同位語從句 同位語從句用于對前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進一步說明 一般用連詞 that 引導 由于先行名詞的 意義不同 也可用 whether who when where what why how 等引導 常見的先行名詞有 fa ct idea belief news hope conclusion evidence suggestion order problem report decision 有時由于謂語較短 將同位語從句位于謂語之后 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time The news came that their team had won the championship 4 5 定語從句定語從句 定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞 也可以是一個句子 定語從句通常位于先行 詞之后 由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導 限制性定語從句限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句修飾先行詞 對先行詞起修飾作用 緊接先行詞之后 無逗號 若省去 原句意思不完整 引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有 who whom whose which that 等 who who m whose 用于指人 whose 有時也可指物 相當于 of which which 用于指物 that 既可 指人也可指物 但只用于限制性定語從句中 關(guān)系代詞除了引導定語從句 替代先行詞外 還在從句中擔任主語 賓語 定語等 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and o rganizations Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other p eople The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother 1 當先行詞是 all anything everything something nothing 等不定代詞或先行詞前有 first last a ny few much some no only 以及形容詞最高級修飾時 只能用關(guān)系代詞 that 引導從句 That is all that I ve heard from him He s the first person that I m going to interview this afternoon 2 關(guān)系代詞的省略關(guān)系代詞的省略 在從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞?？墒÷?關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞 作介詞賓語時不可用 that 只 可用 which 或 whom 引導從句 并且不可省略 但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時 作為介詞 賓語的關(guān)系代詞仍可用 that 也可省略 This is one of those things with which we have to put up This is one of those things which that we have to put up with 3 引導定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有 when where why 等 關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語 意義上相 當于一個 介詞 which 的結(jié)構(gòu) Even in comic books where in which there are no words the stories are fully expr essed through the drawings No one knows the reason why for which he was so angry that day 5 5 定語從句定語從句 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞 也可修飾整個主句 起補充說明作用 與主句之間有 逗號隔開 若省去 原句意思不受影響 不可用 that 引導非限制性定語從句 關(guān)系詞不可 省略 Every object has a gravitational pull which is rather like magnetism 介詞 which whom whose 引導的定語從句 介詞 which whom whose 可引導限制性定語從句 也可引導非限制性定語從句 該結(jié) 構(gòu)中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配 或先行詞的習慣搭配 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar as 引導的定語從句引導的定語從句 as 引導的定語從句主要用于 such as 及 the same as 的結(jié)構(gòu)中 代替先行詞是人 或物的名詞 as 引導非限制性定語從句時 代替整個主句 從句可位于主句之前 之后或 中間 These are not such problems as can be easily solved as 代替先行詞 problems As is mentioned above no single company or group can control what happens on t he Internet as 代替主語 6 狀語從句狀語從句 時間狀語從句時間狀語從句 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有 1 when whenever while as after before since till until once 等 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here 2 as soon as hardly scarcely when no sooner than each every time the moment im mediately that 等 As soon as I sent an e mail message I received positive responses The moment he heard the good news he jumped with joy 地點狀語從句地點狀語從句 引導地點狀語從句的連詞是 where wherever Wherever she went she took her little daughter with her 原因 結(jié)果和目的狀語從句原因 結(jié)果和目的狀語從句 1 引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有 because as since now that seeing that considering that in that 等 Considering that he is a freshman we must say he is doing well 2 引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有 so that such that so that that so 等 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave 3 引導目的狀語從句的連詞有 so that in order that for fear that lest 等 從句常使用 m ay might can could would 等情態(tài)動詞 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway st ation 條件和讓步狀語從句條件和讓步狀語從句 1 引導條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有 if unless as so long as on condition that in case provided providing that supposing 等 As long as you have the right equipment you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data 2 引導讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有 though although whether even though even if no m atter what when how whatever whenever wherever however 等 though even if 等 引導狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成含有 as 的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 具有強調(diào)意義 其結(jié)構(gòu)為 形容詞 副 詞 動詞 名詞 as 主語 謂語 No matter what you may say I would not change my mind Young as he is he is quite experienced in this work though he is y