外研版小學(xué)詞匯句型時態(tài).doc

.詞匯分類顏色類：colour 顏色；red 紅色；yellow 黃色；white 白色；pink 粉紅色；purple 紫色；brown 棕色；blue 藍(lán)色；black 黑色；green 綠色；orange 橘紅色、橙色數(shù)字類：one 1；two 2；three 3；four 4；five 5；six 6；seven 7；eight 8；nine 9；ten 10；eleven 11；twelve 12；thirteen 13；fourteen 14；fifteen 15；sixteen 16；seventeen 17；eighteen 18；nineteen 19；twenty 20；twenty-one 21；thirty 30；forty 40；fifty 50；sixty 60；seventy 70；eighty 80；ninety 90first (1st ) 第一；second (2nd ) 第二；third (3rd ) 第三課程類：Chinese 語文；English 英語；P. E. 體育；math 數(shù)學(xué)；music 音樂；art 美術(shù)；science 科學(xué)天氣類：weather 天氣；rainy 下雨的；sunny 晴朗的；snowy 下雪的；windy 刮風(fēng)的；cloudy 多云的warm 溫暖的；cold寒冷的；cool 涼爽的；hot 炎熱的動物類：rabbit 兔子；cat 貓；dog 狗；duck 鴨子；pig 豬；panda 熊貓；bird 鳥；hen母雞；cow 奶牛；lamb 羊羔；goat 山羊；sheep 綿羊；horse 馬；bear 熊；giraffe 長頸鹿；monkey 猴子；donkey 驢；kangaroo 袋鼠；lion 獅子；tiger 老虎；deer 鹿；squirrel 松鼠；snake 蛇；whale 鯨；fish 魚；mouse 老鼠；elephant 大象水果類：apple 蘋果；pear 梨；orange 橘子；banana 香蕉；grapes 葡萄；watermelon 西瓜；strawberry 草莓食物類：fish 魚；beef 牛肉；chicken 雞肉；rice 米飯；noodles 面條；tofu 豆腐；tomato 西紅柿；potato 土豆；cucumber 黃瓜；carrot 蘿卜；eggplant 茄子；bread 面包；egg 蛋；green beans 青豆；onion 洋蔥；tea 茶；milk 牛奶；coffee 咖啡；Coke 可樂；juice 果汁味道類：tasty 可口的；yummy 好吃的；sour 酸的；sweet 甜的；salty 咸的；fresh 新鮮的；healthy 健康的服裝類：pants 長褲；jeans 牛仔褲；socks 短襪；shoes 鞋子；T-shirt T恤衫；shorts 短褲；dress 連衣裙；boots 靴子；shirt 襯衫；skirt 裙子；jacket 夾克衫職業(yè)：doctor 醫(yī)生；farmer 農(nóng)民；driver 司機；nurse 護士；teacher 老師；accountant 會計；singer 歌唱家；writer 作家；salesperson 售貨員；engineer 工程師；actor 男演員；actress 女演員；policeman 警察；artist 畫家；TV reporter 電視臺記者；student 學(xué)生；cleaner 清潔工時間：oclock 點鐘；in the morning 在早上；in the afternoon 在下午；in the evening 在晚上；at noon 在中午；tomorrow 明天；yesterday 昨天；today 今天；this morning 今天早上；this evening 今天晚上；this afternoon 今天下午；next weekend 下周末；next week 下周；this weekend 這個周末；on the weekend 在周末；usually 通常；often 經(jīng)常；sometimes 有時候；tonight 今晚；never 從不地點：library 圖書館；school 學(xué)校；pet shop 寵物商店；park 公園；post office 郵局；cinema 電影院；bookstore 書店；hospital 醫(yī)院；science museum 科學(xué)博物館；bank 銀行；supermarket 超市；shoe store 鞋店；garden 花園交通工具：train 火車；bike 自行車；plane 飛機；car 汽車；jeep 吉普車；ship 輪船；on foot 走路；bus 公共汽車；subway 地鐵方位詞：in 在里面；on 在上面；under 在下面；behind 在后面；in front of 在前面over 在上面（懸空）；near 在附近；turn left 向左轉(zhuǎn)；turn right 向右轉(zhuǎn)；next to 與相鄰；west 西；east 東；north 北；south 南；on the left 在左邊；on the right 在右邊書籍：comic book 漫畫書；newspaper 報紙；magazine 雜志；post card 明信片；dictionary 字典房間類：living room 客廳；study 書房；kitchen 廚房；bathroom 浴室；bedroom 臥室；classroom 教室用品類：ruler 尺子；pen 鋼筆；pencil 鉛筆；pencil-case 鉛筆盒；book 書；bag 包；boat 小船；picture 圖畫；board 板；teachers desk 講臺桌；light 燈；kite 風(fēng)箏；computer 電腦；football 足球家具類：mirror 鏡子；end table 床頭柜；closet 衣柜；curtain 窗簾；bed 床；trash bin 垃圾桶；chair 椅子；desk 桌子；window 窗戶；table 臺桌；phone 電話；sofa 沙發(fā)；door 門；floor 地板；wall 墻稱呼類：family 家庭；father 父親；mother 母親；brother 兄弟；sister 姐妹；grandparents （外）祖父母；uncle 叔叔；aunt阿姨；parents 父母；baby 嬰兒；boy 男孩；girl 女孩；friend 朋友描述人物的形容詞：strong 強壯的；thin 瘦的；tall 高的；short 短的，矮的；big 大的；small 小的；long 長的；young 年輕的；old 老的；active 積極的；heavy 重的；cool 酷的；smart 聰明；kind 和藹可親的；strict 嚴(yán)格的；quiet 安靜的；funny 滑稽可笑的；fat 胖的星期類：Mon. 星期一；Tue. 星期二；Wed. 星期三；Thu. 星期四；Fri. 星期五；Saturday 星期六；Sunday 星期天；day 天月份類：Jan. 一月；Feb. 二月；Mar. 三月；Apr. 四月；May 五月；June 六月；July 七月；Aug. 八月；Sept. 九月；Oct. 十月；Nov. 十一月；Dec. 十二月；date 日期季節(jié)類：season 季節(jié)；spring 春天；summer 夏天；fall 秋天；winter 冬天小學(xué)英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)一、主系表結(jié)構(gòu)be ( am/ is /are/ was/were)I am ten years old. 陳述句否定句：I am not ten years old.一般疑問句：Am I ten years old?/ Are you ten years old? Yes, I am. No, Im not.特殊疑問句：How old are you?He is a teacher. He isnt a teacher.Is he a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.Whats his job? / What does he do?They are pupils. They are not pupils.Are they pupils? Yes, they are. No, they arent.What are they?She was a pupil last year. She wasnt a pupil last year.Was she a pupil last year? Yes, she was. No, she wasnt.When was she a pupil?What was she last year?They were teachers. They werent teachers.Were they teachers? Yes, they were. No, they werent.What were they?二、含有can 的句子I can play basketball.I cant play basketball.Can you play basketball? Yes, I can. No, I cant.What can you do?We canYou canYou canHe canShe canIt canThey can三、含有have got / has got 的句型I have got lots of books. I havent got . Have you got lots ？ Yes, I have. No, I havent. What have you got?He has got a pen.She has got lots of pencils.We have got lots of rulers. What have you got?You have got lots of boxes.They have got lots of English books.Youve got lots of computers.It has got a desk.It hasnt got a desk. Has it got a desk? Yes, it has. No, it hasnt.What has it got?四、含有There be ( is/ are/ was/ were)1. There is a cat in the desk.There isnt a cat in the desk.Is there a cat in the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isnt.What is there in the desk? Where is there a cat?2. There are some computers in the room. There arent any computers in the room.Are there any computers in the room? Yes, there are. No, there arent.What are there in the room? Where are the computers?3. There was a pencil in my pencil box last year. There wasnt a pencil in my pencil box last year.Was there .?Yes, there was. No, there wasnt.What was there in your pencil box last year?4. There were lots of erasers in my pencil box last week.There werent lots of erasers in my pencil box last week.Were there lots of erasers in your pencil box last week?Yes, there were. No, there werent.What were there in your pencil box last week?五、把下列句子改為復(fù)數(shù)。1. This is my book. These are our books.2. That is her computer. Those are their computers.3、 His room is beautiful. Their rooms are beautiful.4 Its knife is on the desk.Their knives are on the desks.小學(xué)英語時態(tài)一提到時態(tài)，就必然用到動詞。首先要明確兩個概念：動詞有五種形式，即：原形（形式），第三人稱單數(shù)（形式），過去式（形式），現(xiàn)在分詞（形式），過去分詞（形式）。小學(xué)階段，句子有以下四種常見時態(tài)，即：一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；一般過去時態(tài)；一般將來時態(tài)；現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)。 式，意思就是各種不同的形式，是對應(yīng)著動詞來說的；時態(tài)，意思就是表達(dá)各種不同的時間的事情，是對應(yīng)著句子來說的。式與時，先搞懂區(qū)別。 一、 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，可能是兩種意思。第一，表示經(jīng)常性的動作，常與often, sometimes, usually, every day, every week, every month, every year等表示頻率的副詞連用。例如：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually go to work by bike. Sam visits China every year. 第二，表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。如：My mother is a worker. There is a computer in our classroom.注意問題： be (am, is, are) 動詞就是獨立的謂語動詞，一個句子中有了be(am, is, are) 就有了謂語動詞了，句子中不能同時出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞。不少同學(xué)經(jīng)常出這樣的錯誤：The boy is often eats hamburgers. 應(yīng)改是 The boy often eats hamburgers. 二、一般過去時態(tài)一般過去時態(tài)，也可能有兩種意思。第一，表示過去發(fā)生的動作，經(jīng)常與明確的表示過去的時間連用，如：last week, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night, last year, last weekend等。如：The family had a picnic in the park last weekend. 第二，表示過去的狀態(tài)。如：There was a small pond in the school before. Mary was a teacher two years ago.注意問題：be(was, were) 是獨立的謂語動詞，它不能與行為動詞的過去式同時使用。同學(xué)們經(jīng)常出這樣的錯誤：It was rained yesterday. 應(yīng)改是It rained yesterday. The ducks were ate our picnic. 應(yīng)改是：The ducks ate our picnic.過去式動詞不存在第三人稱單數(shù)的問題。也就是說，一般過去時態(tài)的句子中，無論主語是什么人稱，單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，過去式動詞都不能加s/es. 三、一般將來時態(tài)一般將來時態(tài)，表示將要發(fā)生的事情。結(jié)構(gòu)是：am/is/are going to + 動詞原形；或者是will + 動詞原形。will 通用于各種人稱之后，不受人