英語時態(tài)講解

1、英語時態(tài)表時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要用法例句一般現(xiàn)在時1 be動詞用am/is/are表示，之后接名詞，形容詞或介詞。often;usually;every;sometimes;always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on sundays/mondays/.;一般現(xiàn)在時表示沒有時限的持久存在的習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，或現(xiàn)階段反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)陳述句：i am an office worker.he is so lazy.they are at home now.否定句： i am not tim.she is not very beautiful.t

2、hey are not in the office.一般疑問句：are you an office assistant? is she beautiful?2 行為動詞用v原形或v-s/es，引導(dǎo)疑問句和否定句，用do或dont；第三人稱時用does或doesnt,有does出現(xiàn)動詞用原形；第三人稱陳述句v后加s或es.陳述句：i work in shanghai.he works at home.davy never watches tv at home.否定句: i dont like the food in kfc.davy doesnt like the food in kfc eit

3、her.一般疑問句:do you want a cup of coffee? does she live near the subway station?一般過去時。1be動詞用過去式was或 were表示。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago;a moment ago;just now;on/in+過去的時間;在過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。陳述句：i was a big boss.he was beautiful.we were in beijing last year.否定句: i was no

4、t at home at that moment.we were not at work yesterday.一般疑問句: were you a teacher?was she in the office last week?2行為動詞用v-ed，陳述句，疑問句和否定句借助于did,有did出現(xiàn)動詞用原形。陳述句：i worked in sunmoon.we studied english there. he lived in hongkong.否定句: i didnt work here.they didnt see me. she liked english a lot.一般疑問句: di

5、d you go to america?did he work in sunmoon?時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要用法例句一般將來時1 任何人稱+will+v原形.tomorrow,the day after tomorrow;soon;next week/month/year/.;the week/month/year/. after next;on/in +將來的時間；in+一段時間；.即將發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)。陳述句：i will fly to kongkong tomorrow.he will go with us.we will arrive in shanghai next week.否定

6、句:i will never believe you again.he will not come tonight.we will not buy a car next year.一般疑問句:will you go there by train?will he come tomorrow?will they live a five-star hotel?2 is/am/are+going to+v原形，表示計劃打算做什么事情。陳述句：im going to go to kongkong by air.否定句:we are not going to buy a house here.一般疑問句:

7、are they going to change their jobs?特殊疑問句:how are you going to tell him?過去將來時was/were going to +v原形多用在賓語從句中在過去將會發(fā)生的動作。陳述句：i was going to buy a computer.they told me that they were not going to go abroad.否定句:i was not going to buy a computer.任何人稱+would +v原形he said he would come in in shanghai.i said

8、i would buy you a car one day.時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要用法例句現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時is/am/are+v-ingnow；at present;at the moment;look!(放在句首);listen! (放在句首);表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發(fā)生的事情。陳述句：im waiting for my boy friend.he is doing the housework at home now.we are enjoying ourselves.否定句:he is not playing toys.一般疑問句:are you having dinner at

9、 home?is tim cooking in the kitchen?特殊疑問句:what are you doing now?where are they having a meal?過去進(jìn)行時was/were+v-ingat that time;at this time yesterday;at+時間點+yesterday/last night;at that moment;過去一段時間正在發(fā)生的動作。陳述句：i was doing my homework at that time.we were having a party while he was sleeping.否定句:he w

10、as not sleeping at 11 oclock last night.一般疑問句: were you watching tv at that time?特殊疑問句: what were you doing at that moment?時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+ p.p（過去分詞）already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段時間；since +時間點；since+一段時間+ago;by+現(xiàn)在時間；so far; up to now; till now; until now;re

11、cently/lately;during/over/in the past/last.用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。簡單的說，就是動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生對現(xiàn)在造成明顯的影響。陳述句：i have already told davy. davy has known this matter.he has lived here for nearly 10 years.否定句:i havent finished my homework.tim hasnt come yet.we havent heard a

12、ny news about him一般疑問句: has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑問句: how long have you worked in this company?特別注意：1. have/has always been+名詞/形容詞/介詞：總是或一直是什么樣子。he has always been a good father. i have always been busy.they have always been in america.2. have/has gone to:去了。he has gone to beijing.the

13、y have gone to the cinema.3. have/has been to:表示去過或到過。i have been to canada. have you been to hongkong?where have you been? i have never been here.過去完成時had + p.p（過去分詞）過去的過去：by+過去的時間；表“過去某動作或時間以前”的時間狀語。動作發(fā)生在過去的過去。陳述句：he said he had told davy.they told us they had finished the work.he left the office

14、after he had called davy.否定句:she hadnt had dinner before she went out.一般疑問句:had she learnt english before she moved here?特殊疑問句:how many english words had he learnt by the end of last year?補充： 一、情態(tài)動詞can, must, may。may沒有否定形式。陳述句: i can drive a car. he must tell the truth. we may get there on foot.否定句：

15、i cant swim at all. you mustnt（表示禁止） smoke in the office.一般疑問句: can you wait a minute? must i stay at home? may i use your phone?特殊疑問句： how can i get there? what must i do now?由情態(tài)動詞的過去式構(gòu)成，cancould.she could walk when she was one year old.i could not speak english one year ago.二、各種時態(tài)用法補充：1、一般現(xiàn)在時(1)在由

16、after, until, befor, once, when, even if ,in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment以及if, unless等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。例：i will tell him the news as soon as i see him.我一看見他，就把消息告訴他。(2)某些表示起始的動詞，可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，這類動詞有：be, go, come, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。(3)在由why, wha

17、t, where, whoever, who, that,as等引導(dǎo)的從句中，也常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。例：tomorrow at this time well give $500 to any one who brings him to justice.2、一般將來時(1)be going to +v在口語中廣泛使用，表示準(zhǔn)備做或即將發(fā)生的事情。例：im going to buy a house when weve saved enough money.(2)be to +v表示計劃安排將要做的事。例：there is to be a rail strike on july 18th.(3

18、)be about to+v表示即將發(fā)生的事情。例：we are about to start.(4)be due to+v表示預(yù)先確定了的、必定要發(fā)生的事。例：his book is due to be published in october.他的書預(yù)定10月份出版。(5)be on the point/verge of +(v-ing)sth.強調(diào)即將發(fā)生的某種事態(tài)。例：the country is on the verge of civil war.這個國家就要打內(nèi)戰(zhàn)了。3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(1)表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，常與always, continually, constantly等連

19、用(多表示贊揚或厭惡等語氣)。例：john is always coming late. 約翰總是遲到。(2)表示根據(jù)計劃或安排在最近要進(jìn)行的事情。具有這種語法功能的動詞僅限于過渡性動詞，即表示從一個狀態(tài)或位置轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個狀態(tài)或位置上去的動詞。常用的有;go, come, leave, start, arrive,return等。例：they are leaving for hongkong next monty.他們下個月去香港。(3)有些動詞一般不能使用進(jìn)行時，這是一類表示“感覺”、“感情”、“存在”、“從屬”等的動詞。如：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, no

20、tice, look, appear(表示感覺的動詞)；hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, prefer, refuse, forgive(表示感情的動詞)；be, exist, remain, stay, obtain(表示存在狀態(tài)的動詞)；have, possess, own, contain, belong, consist of , form(表示占有與從屬的動詞)；understand, know, belive, think, doubt, forget, remember(表示思考、理解的動詞)。但是如果它們詞義改變，有時也可使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。例：

21、jane looks pale.whats wrong with him?珍妮看上去臉色蒼白，她怎么了？(look在此為聯(lián)系動詞)例：jane is looking for his books.珍妮正在尋找她的書。(look在此為實義動詞)4完成進(jìn)行時完成進(jìn)行時是完成時的強調(diào)形式。5完成時態(tài)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時與與一般過去時的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如所發(fā)生的結(jié)果、影響等；而一般過去時只表示動作發(fā)生在過去表示某一時刻，不表示與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。(2)完成時態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：this(that,it)is(was )the first(second.)time+定語從句：this

22、(that,it)is(was) the only (last)+名詞+定語從句；this(this,it)is (was)+形容詞最高級+名詞+定語從句。如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的謂語動詞動詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞通常用過去完成時。例1：this is the first time(that )ive drunk californian champagne. 這是我第一次喝加利福尼亞香檳酒。例2：there was a knock at the door.it was the second time someone had interrup

23、ted me that evening. 有人敲門，這是當(dāng)天晚上第二次有人打擾我了。6.動詞expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時，表示過去的希望，預(yù)期，意圖或愿望等沒有實現(xiàn)。例1：i had meant to leave to on monday, but have stayed on.我本來打算星期一離開，但最終還是繼續(xù)留下來了。另外兩種表示“過去想做而未做的事”的表達(dá)方式是：7.was / were+ to have done sth.例1：we were to have come yest

24、erday, but we couldnt.我們本想昨天來的，但我們來不了。8.intended (expected, hoped, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired)+ to have done sth.例：1i mean to have told you about it, but i forgot to do so.我本想告訴你這件事，但我忘掉了。9.過去完成時常用于以下固定句型：(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+過去完成時(倒裝形式)+when +過去時例1：hardly had i arriv

25、ed when i had a new problem to cope with.我一到達(dá)就有新問題要處理。(2) no sooner+過去完成時(倒裝形式)+than +過去時。例1：no sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.這話剛說出口，他就意識到他本該保持沉默的。(3)by(the end of )+過去時間，主句中謂語動詞用過去完成時。例1：by the end of that year henry had collected more than a

26、thousand foreign stamps.到那年年底，亨利已收集了一千多張外國郵票一、概況一般時進(jìn)行時完成時完成進(jìn)行時一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時過去完成進(jìn)行時一般將來時將來進(jìn)行時將來完成時將來完成進(jìn)行時一般過去將來時過去將來進(jìn)行時過去將來完成時過去將來完成進(jìn)行時二、十六種時態(tài)的謂語形勢一般時態(tài)進(jìn)行時態(tài)完成時態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)現(xiàn)在do/doesam/is/are doinghave/has donehave/has been doing過去didwas/were doinghad donehad been doing將來shall/will do

27、shall/will be doingshall/will have doneshall/will have been doing過去將來should/would doshould/would be doingshould/would have doneshould/would have been doing英語共有十六種時態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下(以study為例) 一般時 進(jìn)行時 完成時 完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在 study be studying have studied have been studying過去 studied be studying had studied had been stud

28、ying將來 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying過去將來would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying時態(tài)（tense）是表示行為、動作和狀態(tài)在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時候，指的是相應(yīng)時態(tài)下的動詞形式。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時用法：a) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。b) 習(xí)慣用語。c) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作。例：he always helps others. （他總是幫

29、助別人。）d) 客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時，則無法保持 主句、從句時態(tài)一致。e) 表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表示“來、去、動 、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動詞 ）可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用 。常見的用法是：飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。例：the next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.（下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。）how often does this shuttle bus run? （這班車多久一趟？）f) 在時間和條件狀語從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時也用現(xiàn)在

30、完成時）表示將來事 情。例：when you have finished the report, i will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成這份報告的時候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個小時了。）2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(be doing)用法：現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(have done)用法：a) 表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。例：i bought a new house, but i _ my old one yet, so at the moment i have two houses.a) didnt sell b) sold c) hav

31、ent sold d) would sell答案是c) havent sold。b) 表示從過去某時刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，并且有可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點，或for加一段時間，或by加一個現(xiàn)在時間。例：great as newton was, many of his ideas _ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.a) are to challenge c) have been challengedb) may be chall

32、enged d) are challenging全句的意思是：“雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物，但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正?！眂hallenge是及物動詞，在本句中應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動語態(tài)；其動作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)?？梢姶鸢甘莄) have been challenged。a) are to challenge和d) are challenging都是主動語態(tài)，不可能是答案。b) may be challenged雖然是被動語態(tài)，但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合，所以不對。c) 表示發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞，如：arrive, begin,

33、find, give, lose等。例：john has broken his left leg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）注意事項：a) 現(xiàn)在完成時是聯(lián)系過去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶。現(xiàn)在完成時和過去時的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的動態(tài)，或受動態(tài)的影響，是動態(tài)的結(jié)果，對現(xiàn)在有影響；過去時只表示過去的某個具體時間里發(fā)生的動作，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。例：he worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個過去的事實，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）he has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里

34、工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）b) 因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時，有動態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點，所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。例：my sister has been married for 5 years.（過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）my sister has married. dont disturb her.（終端動詞）c) 在this is the first/ second/ third time that句型里要求用完成時。例：this is the second time that the p

35、roducts of our company have been shown in the international exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會。）d) 句型it is/ has beensince所使用的兩種時態(tài)都正確。例：it is/ has been 10 years since i last saw him.（從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。）e) 在no sooner than、hardly/ scarcely when、before、prior to等句型中，主句要求完成時。例：i havent met that professor prior t

36、o today.（以前我從未見過那位教授。）4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(have been doing)用法：表示某一動作開始于過去某一時間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。例：we have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個項目，已經(jīng)花了一個多月時間了。）注意事項：與現(xiàn)在完成時相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時更強調(diào)：在從過去到現(xiàn)在的時間里，動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。例：it seems oil _ from this pipe for some time. well have to take

37、the machine apart to put it right.a) had leaked b) is leakingc) leaked d) has been leaking從本題上下文看，這兩個句子的意思是：“看來，這個管道漏油已有一段時間了，我們將不得不拆卸機器排除故障?！钡诙浔硎緦⒁扇〉拇胧５谝痪鋭幼靼l(fā)生在第二句之前，并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此，空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。d) has been leaking是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了b) is leaking。由于本句有時間狀語for some time，表示謂語動作延續(xù)，謂語

38、不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，必須用和完成時有關(guān)的時態(tài)。有些考生誤選了c) leaked或a) had leaked。是因為他們沒有注意到本題第二句是一般將來時，所以第一句的謂語不能用過去時或過去完成時。5. 一般過去時用法：a) 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。b) 表示過去習(xí)慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的 就是過去時。例：the old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to an

39、ybody.（老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數(shù)個小時，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）he used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）c) 有時可代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。例：i wanted to ask you if i could borrow your car?（我想向您借車用一用，可以嗎？）would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）注意事項：a) 注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應(yīng)該是表示過去某個時間的詞

40、或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因為這樣的時間狀語都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時。b) used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別：你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didnt used to do, didnt use to do都對。used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對比。前者表示過去常?；蜻^去曾經(jīng)，要求加動詞原形；后者

41、表示習(xí)慣于時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)剖析句子成分 主語 助動詞 主動詞 賓語 一般現(xiàn)在時 mike is from america.we eat rice for lunch.he plays football with friends 一般過去時 she was at the theatre last night they went there by train. 一般將來時 jenny is going to visit her grandma. the boys will travel to xian next week. 提示： 1.英語中的否定句，疑問句都是要助動詞來幫助完成的，上面所列的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，

42、有的天生就帶有助動詞，方便之極。有的沒有助動詞，該咋辦呢？ 2.含有be動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)是否還需要添加其他助動詞呢？ 3.把它們變成否定和疑問句來看看。英語時態(tài)的講解一共有八種：它們分別是： 一般現(xiàn)在時：主語+動詞原形/單三人稱+.。一般過去時：主語+動詞的過去式+.。(表示過去發(fā)生的動作）一般將來時：主語+shall/will/be going to+動詞原形 +.。（表示將要發(fā)生的動作）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: 主語+be（is/are/am)+doing+.。（表示正在發(fā)生的動作）過去進(jìn)行時: 主語+be（was/were)+doing+.。 （表示過去某一時間正在發(fā)生的動作）現(xiàn)在完成時: 主語+has/

43、have+動詞過去分詞+.。 （表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果）過去完成時：主語+had+動詞過去分詞 +.。 表示過去發(fā)生的動作以前，發(fā)生的動作，就是過去的過去）過去將來時：主語+would+動詞原形+.。表示過去某一時間，將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)）。 短語動詞的被動語態(tài) 短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如： my sister will be taken care of by grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顧。 such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事聞所未聞。 12.3 表示據(jù)說或相信 的詞組，基本上

44、由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等組成。例如： it is said that 據(jù)說 it is reported that 據(jù)報道 it is believed that 大家相信 it is hoped that 大家希望 it is well known that 眾所周知 it is thought that 大家認(rèn)為 it is suggested that 據(jù)建議 it is taken granted that 被視為當(dāng)然 it has

45、been decided that 大家決定 it must be remember that 務(wù)必記住的是 不用被動語態(tài)的情況 1） 不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 結(jié)束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒有無被動語態(tài)。例如： after the fire, very little remained of my h

46、ouse. 大火過后，我家燒得所剩無幾。 比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。 （錯） the price has been risen. （對） the price has risen. （錯） the accident was happened last week. （對） the accident happened last week. （錯） the price has raised. （對） the price has been raised. （錯） please seat. （對） please be seated. 要想正確

47、地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。 2）不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如： this key just fits the lock. 這把鑰匙

48、只配這把鎖。 your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你說的與我們聽說的一致。 3）系動詞無被動語態(tài)，如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：it sounds good. 聽上去不錯。 4） 帶同源賓語的及物動詞如die/death, dream/dream， live/life等，以及反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如： she dreamed a b

49、ad dream last night. 她昨晚做了個惡夢。 5） 當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。例如： （對） she likes to swim. （錯） to swim is liked by her.主動形式表示被動意義 1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如： the book sells well. 這本書銷路好。 this knife cuts easily. 這刀子很好用。 2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如： i was to blame for the accident. 事故發(fā)生了，我該受指責(zé)。 much work remains. 還有許多活要干。 3） 在need, require, want, worth （形容詞）, deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。例如： the door needs repairing.= the door needs to be repaired. 門該修了。 this book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。 4）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：make sb