中國文化英語教程Unit10學(xué)習(xí)課件

1、 Unit 10 The Great Wall p Lead-in p Text study p Exercises Content Lead-in Do you know the New Seven Wonders of the World? What are they? Lead-in The Great Wall of China（長城） Lead-in Petra, Jordan（約旦佩特拉古城） Lead-in Christ Redeemer, Brazil（巴西基督像） Lead-in Machu Picchu, Peru（秘魯馬丘比丘遺址 ） Lead-in Chichen It

2、za, Mexico （墨西哥奇琴伊察） Lead-in The Roman Colosseum, Italy （意大利古羅馬斗獸場） Lead-in Taj Mahal（印度泰姬陵） p Introduction p Aspiration for Peace p Separation and Integration p Spirit of the Great Wall Text study p Wonder of the Great Wall Introduction Through more than 2,000 years from the seventh century BC to t

3、he 16th century AD, 19 dynasties built parts of the Great Wall, adding up to over 100,000 kilometers. Introduction The Great Wall of today is mainly the legacy of the Ming-dynasty renovations. Three major renovations (修復(fù)) of the Great Wall took place in the Qin (221-206 BC), Han (206 BC- AD 220), an

4、d Ming dynasties. Introduction With many gaps along the Wall, the 600-kilometer- long section in the northern outskirts (市郊) of Beijing is the best preserved. It meanders (蜿蜒) for 6,700 kilometers from Jiayu Pass in the western desert to Shanhai Pass on the eastern seashore. Aspiration for Peace The

5、 Great Wall is unparalleled in the world in: Scale Span of construction Great quantities of labor Degree of difficulty Aspiration for Peace Why did the Chinese build the Great Wall? During the reign of the First Emperor of Qin, one out of every 20 people took part in this project. There must be a re

6、ason for this ancient nation to build such a wall over a time span of more than 2,000 years. Military defense in the age of cold steel Protection for the southerners from being attacked by the northerners Aspiration for Peace Military defense in the age of cold steel The earliest parts of the Great

7、Wall were built amid incessant wars. Suffering from the devastating damage of wars, people realized that building a wall to protect lives was better than burying the dead in trenches (深溝). Aspiration for Peace “北筑長城而守藩籬，卻匈奴七百余里，胡人不敢南下而牧馬。” 新書過秦 “建塞徼、起亭燧、筑外城，設(shè)屯戍以守之，然后邊境得用少安。” 漢書匈奴傳 “筑長城，自代并陰山下，至高闕為塞”

8、 史記匈奴列傳 We can see the military defense of the Great Wall from the following sentences: Aspiration for Peace Protection for the southerners from being attacked by the northerners The Great Wall prevented northern peoples on horseback from attacking people in the south who were mostly engaged in farm

9、ing. It provided the cultivators with a sense of security as well as actual protection, so they could till their lands and harvest their crops in peace. Aspiration for Peace “大興師征之，則遁逃伏慝，不可得而誅也；師還則寇鈔又起； 留卒戍守，則勞費(fèi)不資，故惟有筑長城以防之?！?“然則長城之筑，所以省戍役，防寇鈔，休兵而息民者也?！?We can see the protection of the Great Wall fr

10、om the following sentences: Separation and Integration 長城敵樓長城敵樓 An observation and defense tower on the Great Wall Separation and Integration The geographic structure and climatic patterns of China has led to the development of two distinct cultures from ancient times. The south, with arable (可耕的) l

11、and and a warm climate, was suited for agriculture. The north, with pastoral (畜牧的) land and a cold climate, was suited for animal husbandry (飼養(yǎng)業(yè)). Separation and Integration The limited and unstable output of animal husbandry made it necessary for the northern peoples to depend on the agricultural g

12、oods of the southern peoples. Historically, invasions of the south by nomadic (游牧的) peoples of the north were often more out of necessity than the desire for expansion. Separation and Integration The Great Wall provided an effective defense line. The Wall protected the agricultural economy and advan

13、ced the mode of production in the south. At the same time, it forced the northern peoples to give up plundering (掠奪) the south and to develop their own civilization. Separation and Integration The great significance of the Great Wall in the development of Chinese civilization： “Seen from today, if i

14、t had not been for the protection of the Great Wall, Chinese civilization would have been interrupted by the northern peoples in the late Qin or early Han dynasties, long before the Song and Ming dynasties. In that case, there would not have been the prosperity of the Han and Tang dynasties, or the

15、integration of southern and northern peoples.” Sun Yat-sen Separation and Integration The Great Wall as a new economic structure： In time, economic zones came into being along the Great Wall, especially at its several dozen passes, where people from both sides carried out economic and cultural excha

16、nges. For a long time in history, the agricultural economy in the south and the pastoral economy in the north complemented and depended on each other through such exchanges. Spirit of the Great Wall 慕田峪長城一段 Part of the Mutianyu section of the Great Wall, in the northern suburbs of Beijing Spirit of

17、the Great Wall The hardships involved in building the Great Wall are beyond imagination. Numerous people had to leave their homes and families to go north, where they toiled for years. Many lost their lives on the worksites, over a period of more than 2,000 years. Spirit of the Great Wall The Legend

18、 of Lady Mengjiang Spirit of the Great Wall The heartbroken Lady Mengjiang cried for three days and nights until the Great Wall collapsed one section after another. Spirit of the Great Wall The Great Wall has become a symbol of consolidation and strength for the Chinese people. It symbolizes that gr

19、eat achievement can be made with a common will and concerted effort. Spirit of the Great Wall The national anthem, composed during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-1945), called on the people to “build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood”. Can you cite an example of th

20、e spirit of the Great Wall? Wonder of the Great Wall Have you ever been to the Great Wall? What is your impression? Wonder of the Great Wall 清平樂清平樂六盤山六盤山 天高云淡，天高云淡， 望斷南飛雁。望斷南飛雁。 不到長城非好漢，不到長城非好漢， 屈指行程二萬。屈指行程二萬。 六盤山上高峰，六盤山上高峰， 紅旗漫卷西風(fēng)。紅旗漫卷西風(fēng)。 今日長纓在手，今日長纓在手， 何時縛住蒼龍？何時縛住蒼龍？ 毛澤東毛澤東 Wonder of the Great Wal

21、l The Simatai section built near Beijing in the Ming Dynasty best represents the undulating (起伏的) and thythmic flow of the Great Wall. As a popular saying has it, Simatai epitomizes (代表) the wonder of the Great Wall for being the most precipitous (陡峻的) part of it. Word tips The Simatai section：司馬臺長城

22、司馬臺長城 獨(dú)具獨(dú)具“險(xiǎn)、密、奇、巧、全險(xiǎn)、密、奇、巧、全”五大特點(diǎn)，位于北京市密云縣東北部五大特點(diǎn)，位于北京市密云縣東北部 的古北口鎮(zhèn)，是我國唯一保留明代原貌的古建筑遺址。的古北口鎮(zhèn)，是我國唯一保留明代原貌的古建筑遺址。 Wonder of the Great Wall 司馬臺長城 A precipitous part of the Simatai section of the Great Wall Wonder of the Great Wall Wonder of the Great Wall Wonder of the Great Wall Wonder of the Great Wa

23、ll The most breathtaking parts of the Simatai section are called Cloud Ladder and Heavenly Bridge. The Cloud Ladder is much narrower than the normal width of the Wall (three-to-five meters on average), the narrowest part being only half a meter wide. Up at the top of the Cloud Ladder, one comes to t

24、he Heavenly Bridge, the 100-meter-long narrow belt of wall on the mountain ridge, with deep valleys on either side. Wonder of the Great Wall The highest point of the Simatai section is Wangjing Tower (望京樓), at an altitude of 986 meters. From here, one can capture a panoramic (全景的) overview of the Gr

25、eat Wall stretching and winding into the east and west. Exercises p Comprehension p Communication p Application Comprehension I. Skimming and Scanning Go through the passage quickly and judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. _ 1) The construction o

26、f the Great Wall took more than 2,000 years and involved 19 states. _ 2) The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect lives and peace from wars. _ 3) In history, the northern peoples were mostly engaged in farming. F T F Comprehension _ 4) The Great Wall provided an effective shelter

27、for the southern troops against the northern cavalry. _5) The Great Wall posed a barrier to the communication between the north and the south. _6) The spirit of the Great Wall is that of “a common will and concerted effort”. T T T Comprehension _7) Blockhouses, garrison towns, passes built at strate

28、gic points, and beacon towers are mentioned to show the magnificence and variety of the Great Wall. _8) Wangjing Tower is one of the best places to appreciate the beauty of Beijing City. T F Comprehension II. Careful Reading 1. Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions briefly. 1

29、) How long is the Great Wall at present? 2) In which respects is the Great Wall unparalleled? The Great Wall is as long as 6,700 kilometers. The Great Wall is unparalleled in its scale and span of construction, as well as in the great quantities of labor and the degree of difficulty involved. Compre

30、hension 3) What are Sun Yat-sens quotations used to demonstrate in Paragraph 8? Sun Yat-sens quotations are used in the text to illustrate the great significance of the Great Wall in the development of Chinese civilization. Comprehension 5) What does the Legend of Lady Mengjiang symboliz? The Legend

31、 of Lady Mengjiang symbolizes the sufferings of the people due to the construction of the Great Wall and their hatred for the tyrannical First Emperor of Qin. 4) What does “a new economic structure” refer to in the last sentence of Paragraph 9? “A new economic structure” in the last sentence of Para

32、graph 9 probably refers to the enhancing of agricultural economy in the south and the pastoral economy in the north, and the exchange between the two. Comprehension 2. Read Paragraph 5 and fill in the following table. Comprehension Key： Comprehension 3. Put each of the following into English and the

33、n compare your translation with that in the passage. 1) 眾志成城。 Efforts joined by many can build the Great Wall. 2) 把我們的血肉，筑成我們新的長城。 Build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood. Comprehension 3) 由今觀之，倘無長城之捍衛(wèi)，則中國亡于北狄，不待宋明而在楚漢時代 矣。如是則中國民族必?zé)o漢唐之發(fā)展昌大而同化南北之種族也。 Seen from today, if it had not been for

34、the protection of the Great Wall, Chinese civilization would have been interrupted by the northern peoples in the late Qin or early Han dynasties, long before the Song and Ming dynasties. In that case, there would not have been the prosperity of the Han and Tang dynasties, or the integration of sout

35、hern and northern peoples. Communication Lady Mengjiang is a widespread legend about the Great Wall. Songs, plays and operas based on the story have been popular throughout the history of China. A number of temples have been built in memory of her, one of which at Shanhaiguan still remains in Good c

36、ondition today. Tell the story of Lady Mengjiang to an oversea student in your class. Application Write a passage on Badaling section of the Great Wall. The following information is for your reference. 1. most visited; 2. approximately 80 km (50 miles), northwest of urban Beijing City in Yanqing County; 3. built during the Ming Dynasty; 4. highest point of Badaling is Beibalou, approximately l,015 m (0.63 miles) above sea level. p Lead-in p Text study p Exercises Content Lead-in Taj Mahal（印度泰姬陵） p Introduction p Aspiration for Peace p Separatio