復(fù)習(xí)專題——中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納經(jīng)典1

1、復(fù)習(xí)專題中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納經(jīng)典1一、初三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解（含答案詳細(xì)解析）1閱讀理解wonder what it is like to be a chef out. two local chefs, monica sallier restaurants this saturday.（廚師） ? this weekend you will have your chance to find and andrew gleason, will hold an open kitchen at theirmonicas restaurant, the blue hen, is small but co

2、mfortable. wooden tables and chairs coverthe dining area, and sweet music is always on. i like to laugh and always tell jokes while i cook,monica said. cooking brings people together. the cooks who work with me have become my best friends.at monicas open kitchen, she plans to teach her guests how to

3、 prepare country-style friedchicken. for it, she will use her familys secret spice （香料） . she learned how to make it from her father. monica seldom uses a measuring cup （量杯） when cooking. by doing so, she hopes to offer her guests a special dining experience. if you come to my restaurant, youll neve

4、r get the same dish twice, she said.also opening his kitchen this saturday in shreveport is andrew gleason. he is the head chef at quarter bistro. i am not the most talkative chef in the business, andrew said. mostly because i prefer to give my full attention to the food. every ingredient （食材） must

5、be carefully measured. andrews food also makes the dining experience special. he makes every dish look like a piece of art. at his open kitchen, andrew plans to teach his visitors how to prepare blackened catfish, a dish of his that has won much praise throughout the city.（ 1） while monica is cookin

6、g, she _.a. is never quietb. seldom uses spicec. sometimes sits on a wooden chaird. always listens to her favorite songs（ 2） at andrews open kitchen, he will _.a. invite monica to try his dishb. work with another head chefc. tell lots of jokes while cookingd. cook one much-praised dish（ 3） what do m

7、onica and andrew have in common?a. they work in the same restaurant.b. they both like using measuring cups.c. they graduated from the same cooking school.d. they both let guests have a special dining experience.（ 4） the passage is probably from _.a. a city newspaperb. a restaurant noticec. a cookboo

8、kd. a chefs diary【答案】 （ 1） a（ 2） d（ 3） d（ 4） a【解析】 【分析】本文講述本周六，兩位當(dāng)?shù)貜N師莫妮卡薩利爾和安德魯格里森將在他們的餐廳舉行開(kāi)放式廚房活動(dòng)。（ 1）推理題。根據(jù)i like to laugh and always tell jokes while i cook我喜歡笑，做飯時(shí)總是講笑話 可知 莫妮卡做飯時(shí)，她從不安靜， 故選 a。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) andrew plans to teach his visitors how to prepare blackened catfish,a dish of his that has won

9、 much praise throughout the city安德魯計(jì)劃教他的游客如何準(zhǔn)備熏制鯰魚，這是他的一道菜，在全城廣受好評(píng)可知 在安德魯?shù)?“開(kāi)放式廚房 ”，他會(huì)做一道備受稱贊的菜， 故選 d。（ 3）推理題。根據(jù)she hopes to offer her guests a special dining experience她希望為客人提供一種特殊的用餐體驗(yàn)和andrews food also makes the dining experience special安德魯?shù)氖澄镆沧層貌腕w驗(yàn)與眾不同可知，莫妮卡和安德魯?shù)墓餐c(diǎn)是他們都讓客人有一個(gè)特殊的用餐體驗(yàn)， 故選 d。（ 4）推理

10、題。根據(jù)本文講述本周六，兩位當(dāng)?shù)貜N師莫妮卡薩利爾和安德魯格里森將在他們的餐廳舉行開(kāi)放式廚房活動(dòng)，可知這是新聞報(bào)道，故本文來(lái)自城市報(bào)紙，故選a?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。2閱讀理解what problems do the teenagers probably have？here is a survey showing their main problems ：problemscausesadvicefeelingtoomuchhomework.dont makea plan for study and hob

11、bies. find timestressedhaveenoughtime fortheir to relax as possible as you can.hobbies.gettingtoomuchhomework.bad do homework and read in a correct way.shortsightedreading and writing habits.fightsdontknow how to get on wellmakemore friends and understand eachwith classmates.other. share your proble

12、ms with them.feelingtired of computergamesbad dontbe crazy about computer games. playstudyinfluence.them just for a short time when you want torelax.gettingfathavea lot of pocket money touseyour pocket money to do somethingbuysnacks.dislikedoing meaningful. spend some time doing exerciseexercise.eve

13、ry day.（ 1） what problems are caused by too much homework?a. feeling stressed and fights.b. feeling tired of study and getting fat.c. feeling stressed and getting short-sighted.d. getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.（2） if simon is feeling stressed, he should.a. do much more homeworkb.

14、make a plan to spend time on study and hobbiesc. donate his pocket money to project hoped. buy some snacks（3） peter is tired of study, maybe because he.a. has no close friendsb. has no pocket moneyc. plays too many computer gamesd. gets fatter and fatter（ 4）is a good way for teenagers to stop fights

15、.a. doing less homeworkb. playing computer gamesc. learning how to make friendsd. paying no attention to each other【答案】 （ 1） c（2） b（3） c（4） c【解析】 【分析】主要講了關(guān)于青少年可能有的問(wèn)題的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)feeling stressed too much homework.donthave enough time for theirhobbies.getting shortsighted too much homework. bad

16、reading and writing habits.可知太多的作業(yè)會(huì)導(dǎo)致感覺(jué)有壓力和變近視，故選c。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一行 advice make a plan for study and hobbies. 可知制定學(xué)習(xí)和愛(ài)好計(jì)劃，故選 b。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) feeling tired of study computer games bad influence. 可知厭惡學(xué)習(xí)的原因是電腦的壞的影響，故選 c。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) fights make more friends and understand each other. 可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故選c。【點(diǎn)

17、評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。3閱讀理解great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry （工業(yè)） . in the past, when most americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. in a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. usually, uncles an

18、d aunts lived nearby.but when industry became more important than agriculture in american life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. and large families cannot move from place to place as smaller famil

19、ies. so, at present people tend to have smaller families.in the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. the typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. a small number of

20、 families may take raising children as their chief work. at the same time they may also raise other peoples children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.（1） which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?a. the development of science and industry in america.b. the influen

21、ce of science and industry on american families.c. harmful effect of industrialization.d. social problems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in america.（ 2） what kinds of families are described in the passage?a. families of the past and the present.b. families of the present an

22、d the future.c. families of the past and the future.d. families of the past, the present and the future.（ 3） what is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in america?a. children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.b. people stop caring for children.c. the ne

23、ed for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.d. both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.（ 4） what can you infer from the passage?a. science and industry have caused thousands of families to split （破裂） .b. children do not live with their parents or grandparents.c

24、. large families can hardly survive in modern society.d. americans are very choosy about their jobs.【答案】 （ 1） b（ 2） d（ 3） c（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】文章大意：由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展，家庭也受到了影響，原來(lái)的家庭孩子多，而現(xiàn)在的家庭孩子少，由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展家庭會(huì)總是搬動(dòng)，有的家庭只有一個(gè)孩子或者沒(méi)有孩子。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)great changes have taken place in family life because ofscience and industry（

25、工業(yè)） . 可知家庭受到了科學(xué)和工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響，故答案是b。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，短文涉及到了過(guò)去的家庭，現(xiàn)在的家庭和將來(lái)的家庭，故答案是 d。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) in the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will berequired to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller.可知對(duì)于工人們能夠隨時(shí)搬動(dòng)的需求，所以家庭變得原來(lái)越小，故答案是c。（ 4）邏輯推理題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，工人們可能會(huì)隨時(shí)要

26、搬家，大的家庭就沒(méi)有這樣的便捷，所以大家庭就不適于生存在現(xiàn)代的社會(huì)，故答案是c?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境，由已知內(nèi)容推出未知的可能的事實(shí)。4閱讀理解when he was small, hill was a famous bad boy.at the age of 9, his father married his stepmother. at that time they lived poorly in the countryside while his stepmother was from a we

27、althy family.his father introduced hill to his stepmother as he said, dear, i hope you notice in the entire shire this is the worst boy, who has made me have no other way. maybe before tomorrow morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine.to hills surprise, his step

28、mother went up to him with a smile, held up his head and looked at him carefully. she then turned around to tell her husband, youre wrong. he is not the worst boy in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. only he doesnt find a place to show himself.his stepmothers words warmed hi

29、s heart, his eyes full of tears. with this, he started building friendship with his stepmother. and this became the drive of his life, making him create 28 successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to success.before his stepmother came, no one praise

30、d him smart, and his father and neighbours considered him as a bad boy. however, his stepmothers words changed his life.when hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him, i believe you will become a writer. hill accepted his stepmothers gift and expectation, and

31、 started writing things to a local newspaper. he understood his stepmothers strong feeling of interest in his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.the strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer

32、 in the united states and one of the most important persons in the 20th century.praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. a sincere （真誠(chéng)的） praise may be better than 10, 000 bad words.（ 1） what did people think of hill before the age of nine?a. clever.b. creative.c. unfriendly.（2） hil

33、l started making friends with his stepmother after she.a. smiled at himb. looked at him carefullyc. said good words about himd. said bad words about himd. foolish.（ 3） which of the following is wrong about hill?a. he accepted his stepmothers typewriter.b. he failed to do as he was expected.c. he sta

34、rted writing to a local newspaper.d. he understood his stepmother.（4） the passage was written mainly to tell us that.a. children should be praisedb. hills father married againc. hills stepmother was kind to himd. hills father was cruel to him【答案】 （ 1） c（2） c（3） b（4） a【解析】 【分析】文章大意：小時(shí)候，希爾是一個(gè)壞孩子，當(dāng)他九歲時(shí)

35、，父親娶了繼母，父親告訴吉姆他是個(gè)壞孩子，但是繼母說(shuō)他不會(huì)，而是個(gè)聰明的孩子，從此他跟繼母的關(guān)系變的越來(lái)越好。在繼母的關(guān)愛(ài)下成為美國(guó)著名的作家。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)when he was small, hill was a famous bad boy.可知，希爾九歲前是個(gè)出了名的壞孩子，故答案是c。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) his stepmothers words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears.with this, he started building friendship with his stepmother.可知，在繼母說(shuō)了他

36、的好話后，他開(kāi)始跟繼母交朋友，故答案是c。（ 3）正誤判斷題，根據(jù)therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.可知他跟繼母期盼的做的一樣好，因此b 的陳述是錯(cuò)誤的，故答案是b。（ 4）主旨大意題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，繼母的表?yè)P(yáng)讓他發(fā)生了很大的變化，因此可知，孩子們是需要表?yè)P(yáng)的，故答案是a。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題、正誤判斷題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；正誤判斷題同屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容做出正誤判定；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5閱讀理解a doctor entered

37、the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外科手術(shù)） .he found the boys father in the hall waiting worriedly.on seeing him, the father cried out, why did you take all this time to come？ dont you knowthat my son is in danger ？ dont you have any sense of duty ？ the doctor smiled

38、 and said, i am sorry. i wasnt in the hospital and i came as fast as i couldafter receiving the call and now, i wish youd calm down so that i can do my work.calm down ？！ what if your son was in this room right now？ would you calm down ？if yourown son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will y

39、ou do？said the father angrily. thedoctor smiled again and replied,we will do our best and you should also pray for your sonshealthy life.the surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily, thank goodness ！ your son is saved！ and without waiting for the fathers reply he carried on hi

40、s way running by saying,if you have any questions, ask the nurse.couldnt he wait some minutes so that i can ask about my sons state？ shouted the fatherwhen seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.the nurse answered, tears coming down her face, his son died yesterday in a road accident. he was

41、 at the burial （葬禮） when we called him for your sons surgery. and now that he saved your sons life, he left running to finish his sons burial.（ 1） what did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?a. he asked another doctor to do his duty.b. he went to the hospital as soon as possibl

42、e.c. he discussed the boys state with the father.d. he waited until his sons burial was finished.（2） the father shouted at the doctor because he thought.a. he had waited too longb. no one cared for his sonc. the doctor was cold to himd. the surgery took a long time（3） who told the truth to the fathe

43、r in the end？a. the doctor.b. the nurse.c. his son.d. a patient.（4） what is the best title for the text？a. seeing is believingc. practice makes perfectb. time waits for no mand. think before you decide【答案】 （ 1） b（2） a（3） b（4） d【解析】 【分析】 本文講述一個(gè)醫(yī)生被醫(yī)院招回來(lái)救一個(gè)孩子，他的父親誤解醫(yī)生冷血，做完手術(shù)后這個(gè)父親才明白原來(lái)醫(yī)生剛剛在車禍中失去了兒子，告訴我們

44、，寬容待人，不要武斷。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)a doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for animportantsurgery一位醫(yī)生在被叫去做一個(gè)重要的手術(shù)后匆忙進(jìn)入醫(yī)院可知，醫(yī)生接到手術(shù)電話后他盡快去了醫(yī)院，故選b。（ 2）推理題。根據(jù)the father cried out, why did you take all this time to come父親喊道，“你為什么花這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間來(lái)？，可知父親對(duì)醫(yī)生大喊大叫，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為他等得太久了，故選 a。（ 3）推理題。根據(jù) the nurse answered,

45、 tears coming down her face 護(hù)士淚流滿面的告訴他.，可知護(hù)士最后告訴了父親真相，故選b。（ 4）主旨題。根據(jù)本文講述一個(gè)醫(yī)生被醫(yī)院招回來(lái)救一個(gè)孩子，他的父親誤解醫(yī)生冷血，做完手術(shù)后這個(gè)父親才明白原來(lái)醫(yī)生剛剛在車禍中失去了兒子，告訴我們，寬容待人，不要武斷，可知think before you decide 適合做標(biāo)題，故選d?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6閱讀理解it is a cold and dry winter morni

46、ng. when you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. you begin to sneeze and later you may cough. you must have a cold ！ wait a moment. could it just be a common cold or the flu （流感） thats been going around ？a cold gives you a runny nose and cough. but its usually easy to deal with. some people ta

47、ke medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. usually you feel better after a week.on the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. it usually gives you fever. sometimesit can cause death. according to an american magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to

48、 1919.dont worry. if you get a flu vaccine（疫苗） , it can stop you from getting the virus（病毒） .flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. this causes your body to develop antibodies （抗體） . so next time you get the flu, the antibodies will help you.the flu virus changes every f

49、ew years. therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as hln1 and h5n1.the antibodies for one type of flu cant help us against all types of flu. thats why weneed to get the vaccine every year.however, good healthy habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. washing yourhands often he

50、lps stop you from getting viruses. it is also important to get regular exercise andeat healthy food. all these can help you strengthen （增 ） your immune system （免疫系 ）（1） if you have a common cold, usually youll feel better after.a. a weekb. two weeksc. ten daysd. twenty days.（ 2） according to the pas

51、sage, which is true of the flu ？a. it first happened in 1919.b. it usually doesnt give you fever.c. it is easy to deal with.d. it can kill people sometimes.（3） if you get a flu vaccine,.a. it cant stop you from getting the flu virusb. it wont cause your body to develop antibodiesc. your body will de

52、velop antibodiesd. your body will get a large number of flu viruses（4） we need to get a flu vaccine every year because.a. we probably have a cold in winterb. the flu virus changes every few yearsc. the flu is very dangerousd. you dont need to take any medicine after that【答案】 （ 1） a（2） d（3） c（4） b【解析

53、】 【分析】文章大意：（1 ） 理解 。根據(jù)第二段 篇短文主要 述了流感的危害以及 防流感的方法。usually you feel betteraftera week. 描述可知通常一周后你就會(huì)好 ，故 a。（ 2 ） 理解 。根據(jù)第三段 sometimes it can cause death. 描述，可知流感有 能致死。故 d。（ 3 ） 理解 。根據(jù)第四段if you get a flu vaccine （疫苗）， this causes yourbody to develop antibodies（抗體），可知你的身體會(huì) 生抗體，故 c。（4 ） 理解 。根據(jù)短文倒數(shù)第二段the fl

54、u virus changes every few years. thatswhy we need to get the vaccine every year，可知流感病毒每幾年就 異一次，故 b?！军c(diǎn) 】 考 理解。 要注意從文中 找答案，需要 系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，得出正確答案。7 理解nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. are you one of them? kids who regularly take care of themselves are called latchkey kids.this nickname got its start in the 1940s. many men fought in the second world war andwomen had