2018中考反身代詞專題訓(xùn)練

1、初二英語(yǔ)培優(yōu)補(bǔ)差 一、 反身代詞的用法一、概念：反身代詞又稱為自身代詞， 表示動(dòng)作行為反射到行為執(zhí)行者本身。它還可以在句中起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。、構(gòu)成:第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself herself itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves三、用法：1 作賓語(yǔ)，指的是賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。如：Maria bought herself a scarf.瑪麗亞給自己買(mǎi)了一條圍巾。We must look after ourselves very well.我們必須好好照顧自己。2作表語(yǔ)，指的是表語(yǔ)和

2、主語(yǔ)表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。如:She isn t quite herself today.她今天有點(diǎn)不舒服。3作同位語(yǔ)（1） 作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。女口： She herself will fly to Lon don tomorrow.明天她自己將要坐飛機(jī)去倫敦。She will fly to London herself tomorrow.（2）作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。I met the writer himself last week.我上周見(jiàn)到了那位作家本人。四、用在某些固定短語(yǔ)當(dāng)中。look after on eself=take care of on eself照顧自己teach on e

3、self sth= lear n sth. by on eself 自學(xué) enjoy on eself 玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快help on eself to sth請(qǐng)自用（隨便吃 /喝些）.hurt on eself摔傷自己say to on eself自言自語(yǔ)lose on eself in 沉浸于，陶醉于之中l(wèi)eave sb. by on eself把某人單獨(dú)留下buy on eself sth.給自己買(mǎi)東西in troduce on eself 介紹自己溫馨提醒：1反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，但可以做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。女口：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤） Myself can finish

4、my homework.（正） I myself can finish my homework.2反身代詞表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有所有格的形式。表達(dá) “某人自己的（東西）時(shí)，須要用one s own.女口：我用我自己的蠟筆畫(huà)畫(huà)。（誤）I m drawing with myself crayons.（正） I m drawing with my own crayons五、精題分析：1. -Who teachesEn glish? -No on e. I teach.A. you; myself B. your; myselfC. you; me答案：A【解析】代詞的用

5、法。考查賓格代詞和反身代詞的使用。teach + sb. + sth. “教某人某事/物，雙賓語(yǔ)；teach on eself “自學(xué)”的意思。故選擇 A。2 -Helpto some cakes, Jim. -Tha nk you.A. youB. yourC. yourselfD. yourselves答案C【解析】反身代詞。Help on eself to意為隨便吃點(diǎn)” Jim是一個(gè)人，應(yīng)該用yourself.故答案選C。3. How was your visit to the World Park in Beiji ng? Won derful! We enjoyed very muc

6、h.A. itself B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves 答案D【解析】enjoy on eself玩的高興，we的反身代詞是ourselves,故答案選D。4. How did your uncle lear n to play the guitar?By A. myselfB. yourselfC. herselfD. Himself答案：D【解析】反身代詞的用法。by后加反身代詞，表示某人自己的”，主語(yǔ)為your uncle 故用 himself。5. I could look afterwhe n I was five.Really? I can

7、 t believe it.A. myselfB. herself C. himselfD. yourself答案：A【解析】考查反身代詞的用法。句意：一當(dāng)我五歲時(shí)，我能照顧好我自己。一真的嗎？我不相信。look after on eself照顧某人自己。6. Teen agers should lear n to protectfrom all kinds of dan ger.A. themB. theyC. theirD. themselves答案：D【解析】考查代詞辨析。them意為 他們”，作賓格；they意為 他們”，作主格； their意為 他們的”，作形容詞性物主代詞，后面跟名

8、詞；themselves意為 他們自己”，作反身代詞。句意為青少年應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己免受各種危險(xiǎn)。protect on eself意為 保護(hù)自己”。故選D。7. Can you cook by? Yes, I can cook wellA. youB. yoursC .yourself答案：C【解析】本題考查代詞的用法。by yourself表示單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地。根據(jù)題意：-你能獨(dú)自烹飪嗎？-是的，我能做得很好。故本題選C o8. Helpto some fruits. Tha nk you .A. yourselfB. YourC. You答案：A【解析】反身代詞的用法。Help on esel

9、f to sth意為 請(qǐng)隨意吃；自便 ”這是招待客人的常用語(yǔ)。句意：請(qǐng)隨便吃水果?！敝x謝?！惫蔬xA。9. I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R. Kelly. This song tells us that believi ng in is very importa nt.A. themselves B. ourselves C. itself 答案：B【解析】考查反身代詞這里告訴我們，第一人稱，是我們相信我們自己10. Nobody teaches me En glish. I lear n it all by.A. IB. myC. myselfD

10、. meBy+反身代答案：C【解析】考查反身代詞的用法。根據(jù)句意：沒(méi)有教我英語(yǔ)，我自學(xué)的。 詞表示某人自己/親自，主語(yǔ)為I所以用myself。七、精題練習(xí)9選擇。1. Those girls enjoyedin the party last ni ght.A. themB. theyC. themselvesD. herself2. Helpto some fish, childre n.A. yourselfB.yourC. yoursD. yourselves3. The filmis very fun.A. it sB. itselfC. itD. its4. -Who teachesm

11、ath?-teachA. your, myselfB. you, myselfC. you, meD. you, herself5. The father will makea bikeA. her, himselfB. she, himselfC. her, herselfD. she, herself6. The scarf is,she made itA. herself, herB. herself, hersC. hers, herselfD. her, herse7. Liu Hulan s death was great. She thought more of others t

12、hanA. herB. sheC. hersD. herself8. Luckily, he didnt hurtterribly yesterday.A. himB. ThemselvesC. himselfD. they10. I like watchi ngin the mirror.A. meB. IC. myD. Myself二用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We can to nly think of (we) , we should think of others.2. Students should be strict with (they).3. Did the enjoy (

13、them) in the party last ?4. Help (you) to some vegetables. Jim and Jack.5. The artist (he) will come to our school next week.7. The cat in the mirror is (it).8. I bought (I) a new dictionary the day before yesterday.9. I (my) agree with you.10. The little boy is only four , he could wash (he) and ge

14、t dressed.二、動(dòng)詞不定式專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)1. Its our dutythe room every day.A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. clea ns2. Its hard for usEn glish well.A. learn B. learns C. to lear n D. learni ng3. 建造這座立交橋?qū)⒒ㄙM(fèi)工人們一年多的時(shí)間。It willthe workers over a yearthe flyover.4. Its very niceyou to get me two ticketsthe Worl

15、d Cup.A. for， of B. of, for C. to,for D. of, toKeys 1. A 2. C 3. take to， build 4. B簡(jiǎn)析動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面的主語(yǔ)位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)(不定式)置于后面。常見(jiàn)的句式有： (1) It is +形容詞 (of sb)to do sth.(2) It is +名詞(for sb)to do sth(3) It takes sb some time to do sth It is +形容詞(for sb)to do sth 句式(1) 中常用 nice, kind

16、, clever, good, right, wrong, foolish, careless等 形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)的屬性或性質(zhì)；句式(4)中常用 hard, difficult, easy, important 等形容詞,與介詞 for 搭配, 表示不定式表示的動(dòng)作、行為的性質(zhì)。 注意：當(dāng)不定式作主語(yǔ)的句子中又有一 個(gè)不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用It ist的句型Its for sb和Its of sb. 1) for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)，表示客觀形式的形 容詞，女口 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impos

17、sible等：Its very hard for him to study two languages. 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)兩門(mén)外語(yǔ)是很難的。2) of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。Its very nice of you to help me. 你來(lái)幫助我，你真是太好了。for 與 of 的辨別方法： 用介詞后面的代詞作主語(yǔ)，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語(yǔ)， 造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：You are nice.通順，所以應(yīng)用 of)。 He is hard

18、. (人是困難的，不通，因此應(yīng)用 for。 )A. It is right to stop killing wild animals. B.It is the best time to visit USA in summer.C.It is helpful for us to learn English well.二、 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)1. He wants s o m e vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys2. Dont forget your homework with you when you come to school.A.

19、to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking3. He found it very difficult . A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleepKeys： 1. C 2. A 3. D簡(jiǎn)析 在 want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember 等動(dòng)詞后面，可以接不定式作賓 語(yǔ)。如果其后接形容詞補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)， 則可以用 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)， 而把作真正賓語(yǔ)的不 定式

20、放到后面Sb + V + it （形式賓語(yǔ)）+ agj （形容詞）+to+ V （賓語(yǔ)）注意無(wú) BE動(dòng)詞。三、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1. Robert often asks us his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better thanbefore.A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. coo

21、kedKey： 1. B 2. C簡(jiǎn)析不定式可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 后面可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： ask， teach， expect， tell ， allow 等。四、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)1. She went her teacher. A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learnsKey： 1. A 2. C簡(jiǎn)析 go， come， try， do

22、 / try ones best 等動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，其 后常常可以接不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。3. Im sorry that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear4. Im sorry you. A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled5. My mother was very glad her old friend.A. to meet B. meetC. met D. meetsKeys： 3. D 4. B 5. A簡(jiǎn)析be + 形容詞+ to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式作狀語(yǔ)，常表示原

23、因或方式6. The panda is so large that it cant go through the hole.同義句）The hole such a large panda to go through.7. The ice on the lake was so thi n that people could nt skate on it.同義句）The ice on the lake wasnt enough people .Keys： 6. is，too， small，for 7. thick， for，to，skate，on簡(jiǎn)析在上述to +形容詞/副詞（for sb）to

24、do（太而不能和enough（for sb） todo（足以、足夠做 結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。sosuch that 如此 以致 的用法及與其它句型的互換. A. SbSth +be V+so +adjadv （aan+adj+n）+that +cantcouldnt = SbSth +be V+too+adjadv（for+SbSth）+to+V 如此以致 =太而.不能.B. so that to =in order to+V 動(dòng)詞 that+ 從句 為了 以便于C. SbSth +be+so + adj 形容詞 a an +n V +adv 副詞 （so +littlemanymuch

25、such +aan+adj +n 名形容詞 +名詞 ）+that + canould =.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough 足夠的 + to+V如此 以致于=足夠干 如：他太年輕了而不能去上學(xué)。A. He is too young to go to school.B. He is so young that he can t go to schoolC He is n t old egnhouto go to school.D. He is so a young boy that he cant go to school（ ）1、The water is dirty the

26、 animals cant drink it.A. too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to（ ）2、The computer cost much money _ I can t afford tiot. buyA.too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough toKey B。因 money前有 much所以不能用 such五、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)1. Would you like something ? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks

27、2. I have a lot of homework . A. do B. doing C. did D. to do3. He is not an easy man . A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get onwith.Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D 簡(jiǎn)析不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后，與被 修飾的詞語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；如果不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞， 其后要加上必要 的介詞或副詞，構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞。六、不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式1. We saw him the building and go