江蘇專版高考英語二輪復習與策略第1部分專題3閱讀理解類型8社會生活講練

1、類型8|社會生活考查要點方法技巧1. 社會生活中所遇到的各種機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。2. 迎接機遇或挑戰(zhàn)的觀點和態(tài)度。3處理或解決問題的方式方法。4人們工作、生活、社交的方式及其影響。1.明確文章的體裁，把握文章的結(jié)構。2運用歸納概括等方法得出文章的主題。3.明確事情的前因后果，找出問題的解決辦法。4抓住諸多細節(jié)，推知文章的寓意。經(jīng)典案例分析（2016 全國乙卷B）Gran dpare nts An swer a CallAs a third gen erati onto move away.Even when hernative of Brownsville, Texas , Mildred Garza

2、 never planned daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to helpwith their children , she politelyrefused.Onlyafter a year of friendlydiscussiondid Ms.Garza fin ally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three gen erati onsregard the move as a success , giving them a closer relationshipt

3、han they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yetthere is evidenee suggesting that the trendis growi ng.Eve n Preside nt Obamas mother in law , Maria n Robinson , has agreed to leave Chica

4、go and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by , 83 percent of the peoplesaid Mrs.Rob insons decisi on will in flue neegran dpare nts in the America n family.Twothirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family.“In the 1960s we were a

5、ll a little wild and could nt get away from home far eno ugh or fast eno ugh to prove we could do it on our own, ” says Christi ne Crosby,publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents.“Wenowrealizehow important familyis and how important it is to be near them, especiallywhen youre raising children

6、.”Moving is not for every on e.Almostevery gra ndpare nt wants to be with his or hergrandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to sayno and visitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyour grandchildrenfar away is hard ,especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but givingup

7、 the life you know may be harder.25 Why was Garzas move a success?A It strengthened her family ties.B It improved her living conditions.C It enabled her to make more friends.D It helped her know more new places.26 What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinsons decision?A 17% expressed their su

8、pport for it.B Few people responded sympathetically.C 83% believed it had a bad influence.D The majority thought it was a trend.27 What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A They were unsure of themselves.B They were eager to raise more children.C They wanted to live away from their parents.D T

9、hey had little respect for their grandparents.28 What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A Make decisions in the best interests of their own.B Ask their children to pay more visits to them.C Sacrifice for their struggling children.D Get to know themselves better.語篇解讀：

10、本文是一篇議論文。 主要論述了祖父母接到后代與他們同住的邀請后該如何 做出選擇。長難句解讀： Having your grandchildren far away is hard ， especially knowing your adult child is struggling， but giving up the life you know may be harder.分析： 本句為并列句。 but 前的第一個分句中， Having your grandchildren far away 為動名詞短語作主語， especially knowing your adult child is

11、struggling為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語； but 后的第二個分句中， giving up the life 為動名詞短語作主語， you know 為定語從句修飾其前的 the life 。翻譯： 與孩子們距離遠是痛苦的， 尤其是知道你的成年子女生活艱難， 但是放棄你熟悉 的生活可能更艱難。25 A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的.giving them a closer relationship.可知， Garza 搬去和晚輩同住后，他們的關系更親密了，這與 A 項的表述“這加強了她的家 庭關系”相吻合，故選 A項。26. D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Two-thirds believe m

12、ore families willfollow the example of Obamas family.”可知，三分之二的人認為更多的家庭將效仿奧巴馬的家庭，由此可知它將成為一種趨勢，故選D項。27. C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句In the 1960s we were all a little wild and could nt get away from home far eno ugh or fast eno ugh to prove we could do iton our own”可知，在 20世紀60年代，人們都有點兒狂野，急于遠走高飛”來證明 自己的能力，這與C項的表述“

13、他們想遠離父母生活”相吻合，故選C項。28. A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ Moving is not for everyone. ”以及“ it is wiser to say no and visit freque ntly”可知，作者建議老年人從自己的利益出發(fā)，做出選擇，故選A項。題材對點訓練（2016 -蘇北四市摸底考試）I love see ing Europea ns line up in airports to applaud arriv ing refugees. Buthumanitarianism（人道主義）will not guide policy for Iong

14、.We liberalsneed to arguefrom Europes self interest:our continenthas the need,the space and the ability8 / 7to accept people.Many Europea n coun triesare gradually turninginto old peoples homes. Germany,Italy , Spain and others have some of the lowest birth ratesin huma n history .I t ispredicted th

15、at about one third of theirpopulati ons will beaged over 65 in 2050.Germany needs to import at least 350, 000 people a year to keep its workforce stable.Suddenly , young ambitious workers are pouring into the country as if called by agenie（ 精靈）with a lamp.No wonder Angela Merkel , German Chancellor

16、, has been more welcoming than David Cameron, British Prime Minister. But all over Europe , careers for old people are already in n eed.Norway found oil un der the seabed but it wouldhave bee n better off if it had discovered 50, 000 nu rses there in stead.Many rightw in gersthink we have reached ou

17、r limits.Thisfeeli ngiswidespread.A nd its true that Wester n Europe is one of the most den sely populated regi ons on Earth. In deed, den sity has long bee n Europes unique selli ng pointwith so many people of differe nt n ati ons closely packed together, we have alwaystraded goods and excha nged i

18、deas fast.Thats why the scie ntific revolutio n of the16th and 17th cen turies happe ned here.But we have plenty more room.Many European cities arent dense enough.Now east Germany， north western Spain and gorgeous mountain villages in Italy are losing people.Lots of cities have unused industrial lan

19、d.Humansinhabit a slice of the EUs territory.Only about 2.5 percent of the EUs land issued for housing ， estimates the European Commission.By contrast ，a whopping 43 percent was used for agriculture in 2009， it says.Thats too much.We could turn more land into forest or into green landscapes where pe

20、ople can relax and play.Making that transition is feasible because we now use agricultural land inefficiently.Migrants often spend years locked up together in serious government funded“migrant centers ” However，the way to learn a new countrys language ，make friends and find work is to live with a lo

21、cal.This crisis has shown that lots of Europeans are willing to take refugees into their homes.After Icelands government said it could take only 50 Syrian refugees， many Icelanders came forward offering to takea far greater number into their own homes.People arent just sitting around waiting for gov

22、ernment to do something.We need migrants, and we can accommodate them. If opponents just dont like foreigners ， they should say so instead of pretending to be hardheaded pragmatists（ 實 用主義者 ） 本文介紹了德國以及其他一些歐洲國家面臨人口老齡化、 勞動力缺乏的情況， 而大量涌 入的移民在客觀上緩解了他們的勞動力缺乏的情況。作者呼吁這些國家多接納移民。1 Why is Angela Merkel willing

23、 to take in refugees according to the passage?A Germany has already stepped into aged society.B Birth rates in Germany are the lowest in history.C She is kind and shows sympathy for homeless people.D Refugees can make up the shortage of labor in Germany.D 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第二段第四句可知， 德國勞動力嚴重缺乏， 所以難民能夠補充他 們的勞動

24、力。因此選 D。 2 Which of the following statements is TRUE?A No other region is more densely populated than Western Europe.B Density has become Europes most outstanding characteristic.C Not all European cities are crowded together in great numbers.D Large quantities of unused industrial land will turn int

25、o forest.C 細節(jié)理解題。 C 選項的意思是并非所有的歐洲城市都很擁擠，與第四段“ Many European cities arent dense enough. ”意思一致，故選C。 3 It can be inferred that A nurses are more badly needed than petrol in EuropeB liberals always do something for the Europes benefitC aging problem in Germany is one of the worst in EuropeD Europeans ha

26、ve already made intelligent use of the landC 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，德國、意大利、西班牙等國人口出生率很低，到 2050 年這些國家 65 歲以上老年人將占總?cè)丝诘娜种弧６业聡磕晷枰斎胫辽?5萬人才能滿足勞動力需求。 由此可推知， 德國的老齡化問題是歐洲國家中最嚴重的之一。故選 C。 4 What is the last paragraph but one mainly about?A Migrants can privately be accommodated.B Migrants had better not live in mi

27、grant centers.C Everyone can live with migrants to help them fit in.D Everyone has done their own part to help migrants.A 段落大意題。 倒數(shù)第二段的大意為： 當冰島政府說他們將接納 50 名敘利亞移民時， 很多冰島人要求領更多的移民回家。由此可知，A 項正確，即民眾可以接受移民。【導學號： 57732028 】B（2016 長春市普通高中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測）One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly lo

28、w marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates， which lead to an agingand eventually shrinking（ 萎縮 ） population.Most young Japanese women simply dont seem interested in having many children.Nowwhat began in Japan is happening globally.As David Brooks wrote ， birth rates are becoming low

29、er in much of the world ，from Iran 1.7 births per woman to Russian ， where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking.And this includes the US， which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations.Aging countries will face the burden of cari

30、ng for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.Its true that global aging is going to present some major challenges.Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt ？ Its all true.Sometimes I worry about a coming genera

31、tional war over resources ， just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age ， just as I worry about who might take care of me.But heres the thing ： an older world may have less pressure on the environment.As we all know ， the environment is the real victim of overpopula

32、tion.So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure onthe environment ，and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use， along withour birth rates ， reaches a sustainable（ 可持續(xù)的 ）level.After all ， were supposed to get smarter as we get older.Hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.本文是一篇說明文。 主要介紹了全球老齡化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)， 也指出了老齡化社會有利的方 面。5 The population issue in Japan is mentioned to A show young peoples preference for marriageB introduce the topic of global birth rates becoming l