2020-2021學(xué)年新教材英語(yǔ)人教版必修第一冊(cè)素養(yǎng)升華練習(xí)：UNIT 4　Section B　Reading and Thinking含解析

1、攀上山峰，見(jiàn)識(shí)險(xiǎn)峰，你的人生中，也許你就會(huì)有蒼松不懼風(fēng)吹和不懼雨打的大無(wú)畏精神，也許就會(huì)有臘梅的凌寒獨(dú)自開(kāi)的氣魄，也許就會(huì)有春天的百花爭(zhēng)艷的畫(huà)卷，也許就會(huì)有鋼鐵般的意志。祝：學(xué)子考試順利，學(xué)業(yè)有成unit4naturaldisasterssectionbreadingandthinking課后篇素養(yǎng)升華基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí).單句填空1.when the runners got to the finishing line,all of them were quite out of (breathe).答案breath2.their inventions have contributed to the dev

2、elopment of (electricity) engineering.答案electrical3.ignoring the danger,he rushed into fire to rescue those (trap) in the house.答案trapped4.it is well known that ancient greece was a fountain of (wise) and philosophy.答案wisdom5.when i finally got to the meeting room,the discussion had already come to

3、end.答案an6.nearly two (three) of the students in our class like playing football.答案thirds7.the audience applauded when the chairman got up on his (foot) to speak.答案feet8.the number of students in this school has increased 20 percent this year.答案by9.i still remember visiting a friend whod lived here f

4、or five years and i (shock) when i learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.(2018浙江卷)答案was shocked10.six months after (suffer) our defeat on the spring practice field,we won our first game.(2018天津卷)答案suffering.短語(yǔ)填空blew away,look up,fall down,come to an end,suffer from,nothing but,cut across,in

5、shock,in ruins,dig out1.they had already reached an agreement before the meeting .答案came to an end2.among obese children,about 30 percent also high levels of blood sugar and fat.答案suffer from3.for miles around me,there was a desert,without a single plant or tree in sight.答案nothing but4.after the hea

6、vy flood two months ago,the whole village was left .答案in ruins5.they tried to a cave in the side of the mountain for shelter that night.答案dig out6.soon a strong wind passed through and the clouds in the sky.答案blew away7.please the word in the dictionary if you dont know how to read it.答案look up8.the

7、 earthquake did damage to the area where many houses .答案fell down9.in order to gain some time,the travelers made up their minds to this field.答案cut across10.he was still from what had happened earlier in the afternoon.答案in shock.翻譯句子1.讓自來(lái)水水龍頭的水一直流淌是錯(cuò)誤的。(have.doing)答案it is wrong to have the water fro

8、m the tap running all the time.2.看到那個(gè)歌星,她太興奮了,一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。(too.to.)答案seeing the singing star,she was too excited to speak.3.烏云密布,看上去要下雨了。(it looks as if.)答案dark clouds are gathering.it looks as if it is going to rain.4.每到一個(gè)地方,他就給自己發(fā)一張明信片。(everywhere引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句)答案everywhere he goes,he sends himself a postca

9、rd.5.我喜歡早晨鍛煉,因?yàn)榭諝夂粑饋?lái)很新鮮。(sth is+adj.+to do)答案i like to work out in the morning,because the air is so fresh to breathe.素養(yǎng)提升.閱讀理解a hurricane approaches when wind rotates (旋轉(zhuǎn)) in the counter-clockwise direction at sea level accompanied by a never-ceasing thunderstorm.but when these winds start blowing

10、 at or more than 74 mph per hour,then the occurring situation is regarded as a hurricane.when the speed of the wind crosses 110 mph per hour,the hurricane can cause severe damage to life and property.several weather data reports are observed and analyzed to track tropical storms.but when storms are

11、building up,satellite images are used to determine its location,strength,and progress over the following five days.generally,a hurricane warning is announced 48 hours before it makes landfall.approximately 3 to 4 days before hurricane landfall,the surface of the sea will see a considerable wave of a

12、bout 3 to 6 feet.the waves will strike the shore about every 9 seconds.the tide gets really rough before 24 hours,owing to the speed of the winds which can reach around about 34 miles per hour.72 hours before landfall,the atmospheric pressure is stable.the pressure begins to fall 36 hours before lan

13、dfall.when the hurricane is 12 hours away,the strong force wind carries along loose debris with it.as the hurricane approaches,and is just 6 hours away,the wind speed crosses 90 miles per hour.72 hours before landfall,the sky is dotted with cumulus clouds (積云).the cirrus clouds (卷云) are visible in t

14、he sky,only 36 hours before landfall.people living in low-lying areas are now asked to leave their place.the dark clouds which are all set to bring heavy downpours can be seen 12 hours before landfall.18 hours before landfall,it begins to pour.the rains are heavy and continuous till the hurricane st

15、ops.any hurricane warning signs should be taken seriously.if you live in areas which are hurricane prone(易于的),then always be ready with the disaster preparation equipment.being ready is the key to safety.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。颶風(fēng)的形成有一定的規(guī)律,根據(jù)這些規(guī)律找到一些跡象,就可以準(zhǔn)確預(yù)報(bào),避免災(zāi)難。1.according to the text,an approaching hurr

16、icane .a.leads to extraordinary losses if the wind blows at 74 mph per hourb.starts if the sea wind keeps blowing randomly with a thunderstormc.should be observed and announced five days before it makes landfalld.can be confirmed by just analyzing weather data reports of tropical storms答案b解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

17、第一段可知,颶風(fēng)是海面上的風(fēng)逆時(shí)針?lè)较蛐D(zhuǎn),并伴隨著永不停止的風(fēng)暴形成的。2.the third paragraph is mainly about the hurricane warning signs of the .a.windsb.cloudsc.sead.rain答案c解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)該段的thesurfaceofthesea可知,該段主要談?wù)摰木褪秋Z風(fēng)來(lái)臨時(shí)海浪及海潮的表現(xiàn)。3.what can be observed seventy-two hours before landfall?a.the rain starts to pour.b.the tide becomes r

18、eally rough.c.cumulus clouds appear in the sky.d.the wind blows at 34 mph per hour.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“72hoursbeforelandfall,theskyisdottedwithcumulusclouds”可知答案。.七選五a volcano is a geological landform usually caused by the eruption through a vent(火山口) in a planets surface of magma(巖漿),molten rock well

19、ing up from the planets interior.1a popular way of judging volcanoes goes by their frequency(頻率) of eruption.2 those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet called dormant(休眠的) and those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct.3 the lifespan of a volcano can vary fro

20、m months to several million years,making such a distinction(辨別) sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilisations.for example,many of the earths volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption.gi

21、ven the long lifespan of such volcanoes,they are very active.4scientists usually consider a volcano active if it is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest,such as unusual earthquake activity or significant new gas emissions.5 it is important to note that the span of recorded history differs f

22、rom region to region.in the mediterranean,recorded history reaches back more than 3,000 years but in the pacific northwest of the united states,it reaches back less than 300 years,and in hawaii,little more than 200 years.the smithsonian global volcanism programmes definition of “active” is having erupted within the last 10,000 years.a.by our lifespans,however,they are not.b.those that erupt regularly called active.c.one way of classify