電大比較初等教育第5次網(wǎng)上作業(yè)參考小抄

1、05任務(wù)一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（共8道試題，共20分。）1.1933年，美國(guó)哥倫比亞大學(xué)教授康德?tīng)柍霭媪吮容^教育領(lǐng)域中具有里程碑意義的經(jīng)典著作( ) 。 a. 比較教師研究b. 比較教育研究的計(jì)劃和初步建議c. 演說(shuō)家d. 波斯國(guó)王塞勒斯傳滿(mǎn)分：2.5分2. 西賽羅是古羅馬的一位著名學(xué)者和思想家。他在演說(shuō)家和共和政體等著作中，比較研究（）和( )兩個(gè)城邦的教育訓(xùn)練的方法。a. 古羅馬、古埃及b. 古羅馬、古印度c. 古希臘雅典、斯巴達(dá)d. 古希臘、斯巴達(dá)滿(mǎn)分：2.5分3.美國(guó)教育行政制度的基本特點(diǎn)之一是高度的( )。 a. 全國(guó)統(tǒng)一b. 地方分權(quán)c. 自治d. 民主統(tǒng)一滿(mǎn)分：2.5分4.隨著進(jìn)步教育運(yùn)

2、動(dòng)的發(fā)展，以杜威為首的實(shí)用主義教育哲學(xué)思想一度成為美國(guó)眾多初等學(xué)校進(jìn)行課程改革的依據(jù)，許多美國(guó)初等學(xué)校按照杜威的“( )”來(lái)編制和安排初等學(xué)校的課程、編制課程計(jì)劃。a. 實(shí)用主義b. 兒童中心論c. 兒童中心說(shuō)d. 教育即生活滿(mǎn)分：2.5分5.在美國(guó)初等學(xué)校的閱讀教學(xué)中，經(jīng)常采用的一種教學(xué)方法是“ ( )”。 a. 5hwb. 5whc. 5hhd. 5ww滿(mǎn)分：2.5分6.日本1998年頒布的小學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)綱要的第一章中明確規(guī)定了道德教育的目標(biāo)，即：“道德教育的目標(biāo)是，根據(jù)教育基本法及學(xué)校教育法所確定的教育根本精神，為了培養(yǎng)將尊重人類(lèi)的精神和 ( )發(fā)揮于家庭、學(xué)校、其他社會(huì)的具體生活之中，具

3、有豐富的情感，致力于創(chuàng)造個(gè)性豐富的文化和發(fā)展民主的社會(huì)及國(guó)家，進(jìn)而為和平的國(guó)際社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)，開(kāi)拓未來(lái)的有主體性的日本人，而培養(yǎng)作為其基礎(chǔ)的道德性。”a. 世俗的精神b. 對(duì)生命的敬畏之念c. 對(duì)人類(lèi)的敬畏d. 道德的敬畏滿(mǎn)分：2.5分7.為了促進(jìn)中小學(xué)師資力量、教育質(zhì)量的平衡，加強(qiáng)校際之間的人事交流，日本實(shí)行中小學(xué)教師( )制度。一個(gè)教師在某一學(xué)校工作年限一般為5年，最多不超過(guò)10年，就要調(diào)動(dòng)到同一地區(qū)其他學(xué)校任教。a. 輪流b. 轉(zhuǎn)任c. 進(jìn)修d. 淘汰滿(mǎn)分：2.5分8.英國(guó)本科層次小學(xué)教師培養(yǎng)的“教育學(xué)士學(xué)位”課程主要由“教育理論”、“教學(xué)技能”、“主要課程”和“( )”。a. 學(xué)校教育工作

4、體驗(yàn)b. 教育實(shí)踐c. 課堂教學(xué)d. 班主任工作滿(mǎn)分：2.5分二、簡(jiǎn)答題（共5道試題，共50分。）1.比較教育蓬勃發(fā)展時(shí)期表現(xiàn)出哪些特點(diǎn)？答： 比較教育研究規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大；地域性、 國(guó)際性比較教育組織涌現(xiàn)；研究成果數(shù)量多、 影響大 ；研究方法多種多樣。2.影響初等學(xué)校課程改革的因素有那些？答：社會(huì)發(fā)展； 文化、教育傳統(tǒng)； 教師；課程改革政策。3. 英國(guó)初等學(xué)校學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)評(píng)定中的課程作業(yè)有那些類(lèi)型？答：實(shí)踐作業(yè)。在教師的指導(dǎo)下兒童所進(jìn)行的各種實(shí)驗(yàn)、觀(guān)察、獨(dú)立完成的美術(shù)作品以及各種動(dòng)手能力的測(cè)試；書(shū)面作業(yè)。包括一些客觀(guān)性測(cè)試?yán)绾?jiǎn)答題、搶答題等，也包括寫(xiě)隨筆、論文、觀(guān)察報(bào)告、評(píng)論、調(diào)查報(bào)告、科研項(xiàng)目

5、等；口頭、聽(tīng)力作業(yè)。主要用于英語(yǔ)學(xué)科的學(xué)業(yè)評(píng)價(jià)中；表演作業(yè)。適用于音樂(lè)、體育等學(xué)科教學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)評(píng)價(jià)中。4. 簡(jiǎn)述法國(guó)公民道德教育的特點(diǎn)。答：注重社會(huì)性道德教育；內(nèi)容安排強(qiáng)調(diào)階段性和現(xiàn)實(shí)性；多渠道、多途徑實(shí)施公民教育.5. 美國(guó)教育家舒爾曼認(rèn)為，教師作為知識(shí)的傳授者應(yīng)具備那些基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)？答：學(xué)科知識(shí)；一般教學(xué)知識(shí)即原則性的教學(xué)策略,如課堂管理及組織等；課程知識(shí)即對(duì)教材與教案的了解；科學(xué)教學(xué)知識(shí),即因不同學(xué)科而異的教學(xué)方法;對(duì)學(xué)生及其特點(diǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí)；對(duì)教學(xué)環(huán)境的認(rèn)識(shí)；對(duì)教育目的、價(jià)值和教育哲學(xué)、教育的認(rèn)識(shí)。三、論述題（共1道試題，共30分。）1.談?wù)勚饕l(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家初等學(xué)校教師培養(yǎng)的內(nèi)容的共同特征答：發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家

6、小學(xué)教師培養(yǎng)課程體系的基本框架為普通教育課程,專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科課程,教育學(xué)科課程.在課程組成的三部分中,突出教育學(xué)科課程的設(shè)置.普通教育課程強(qiáng)調(diào)“博”，內(nèi)容覆蓋自然科學(xué)、人文科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)的三大領(lǐng)域,加強(qiáng)其完整性、連貫性和成熟性,為學(xué)生在日新月異的社會(huì)中奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的文化基礎(chǔ).專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科課程的設(shè)置與小學(xué)課程的設(shè)置基本對(duì)應(yīng).既顧及小學(xué)各門(mén)學(xué)科,又重點(diǎn)突出13門(mén)學(xué)科,核心是語(yǔ)文和數(shù)學(xué),并要求學(xué)生至少有一門(mén)學(xué)科達(dá)到精深程度.教育學(xué)科課程設(shè)有教育基本理論課程,各科教學(xué)法課程和教育實(shí)踐課程.各國(guó)對(duì)各科教學(xué)法課程和教育實(shí)踐課程尤其為重視.并且都力圖在教育理論和教育實(shí)踐之間建立了功能性的聯(lián)系.二者有機(jī)結(jié)合，交替進(jìn)行，共同

7、服務(wù)于小學(xué)教師的培養(yǎng)。winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two tries in the kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records heading into th

8、e encounter but australia have not conceded a try since josh charnleys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.aussie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rugby league inter

9、national federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.the kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the world cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the all

10、blacks in 2011.id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said williams.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will atte

11、nd citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against csk

12、afor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added:

13、 we found no racist insults from fans of cska. baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no preci

14、pitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cr

15、uising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out

16、onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.they blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the kiwis in manchester.five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they co

17、nceded was scored by englands josh charnley in the opening game of the tournament.that could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but i have been impressed by the kangaroos focus in their games since then.they have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests

18、 - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.it is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.in johnathan thurston, cooper cronk, cameron smith and either billy slater or greg inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. they have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceles