ASTM D335909 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)方法 膠帶法測(cè)量附著力

1、designation: d 3359 02名稱： d 3359-02standard test methods formeasuring adhesion by tape test1astm d3359-09 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)方法 膠帶法測(cè)量附著力this standard is issued under the fixed designation d 3359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, t

2、he year of last revision. a number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. a superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是d 3359確定了以后發(fā)行的。數(shù)字代表名稱最初通過的時(shí)間，或者修訂情況，和最新版本。括號(hào)內(nèi)的數(shù)字代表最新重新審批時(shí)間。上標(biāo)代表最新版本的變化或重新審批。this standard has been approved for

3、use by agencies of the department of defense.該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)被國(guó)防機(jī)構(gòu)部門批準(zhǔn)使用。1. scope 范圍1.1 these test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the film.本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提出的試驗(yàn)方法是規(guī)定通過在漆膜切割區(qū)施加和撕離壓敏膠帶的方式，對(duì)漆膜與金屬底材之間

4、的附 著力進(jìn)行評(píng)定的程序1.2 test method a is primarily intended for use at job sites while test method b is more suitable for use in the laboratory. also, test method b is not considered suitable for films thicker than 5 mils (125m).試驗(yàn)方法a主要是供工作場(chǎng)所用，而試驗(yàn)方法b更適合實(shí)驗(yàn)室使用。試驗(yàn)方法b被視為不適合厚度超過 5毫英寸（125微米）的漆膜。note 1subject to a

5、greement between the purchaser and the seller,test method b can be used for thicker films if wider spaced cuts are employed.注 1-根據(jù)買賣雙方的協(xié)議，如果切割間距較寬，漆膜較厚時(shí)可采用試驗(yàn)方法b。1.3 these test methods are used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at a generally adequate level. they do not

6、 distinguish between higher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticated methods of measurement are required.本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的試驗(yàn)方法用于總體判定涂層與底材之間的附著力是否達(dá)到足夠的水平。如果附著力較高，本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的試驗(yàn)方法無(wú)法精確地區(qū)分附著力的差別，需要使用更精確的測(cè)量方法。note 2it should be recognized that differences in adherability of the coating surface can affect the resul

7、ts obtained with coatings having the same inherent adhesion.注2-應(yīng)該注意到，涂層內(nèi)在附著力相同的情況下，涂覆面附著性的差別會(huì)影響測(cè)量結(jié)果。1.4 in multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate is not determined.多層涂層體系可能出現(xiàn)層間脫落，無(wú)法確定涂層體系與底材之間的附著力。1.5 the values stated i

8、n si units are to be regarded as the standard. the values given in parentheses are for information only.si單位的數(shù)值被視為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，括號(hào)內(nèi)的數(shù)值僅供參考.1.6 this standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. it is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro

9、priate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并沒有指出與其使用相關(guān)的所有安全事項(xiàng)。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的用戶應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)在使用之前采取適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩托l(wèi)生 措施，并確定各項(xiàng)管理限制條件的適用性2. referenced documents 參考文件2.1 astm standards: 美國(guó)材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)d 609 practice for preparation of cold-rolled steel panels for testing

10、 paint, varnish, conversion coatings, and related coating products2d609-涂料,清漆,轉(zhuǎn)化涂層和相關(guān)覆層產(chǎn)品的測(cè)試-用冷軋鋼板制備的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施規(guī)范d 823 practices for producing films of uniform thickness of paint, varnish, and related products on test panels2d823-色漆,清漆,噴漆及有關(guān)產(chǎn)品制成厚度均勻漆膜試片的方法d 1000 test method for pressure-sensitive adhesive

11、-coated tapes used for electrical and electronic applications3d1000-電氣設(shè)備用壓合敏感膠粘劑涂覆帶的試驗(yàn)方法d 1730 practices for preparation of aluminum and aluminum-alloy surfaces for painting4d1730- 涂漆用鋁和鋁合金表面預(yù)處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施規(guī)范d 2092 guide for preparation of zinc-coated (galvanized) steel surfaces for painting5d2092-用于涂漆的鍍鋅鋼材

12、表面預(yù)處理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指南d 2370 test method for tensile properties of organic coatings2d2370-有機(jī)涂層抗拉性能的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)方法。d 3330 test method for peel adhesion of pressure-sensitive tape 6d3330- 壓敏膠帶剝離強(qiáng)度測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)d 3924 specification for standard environment for conditioning and testing paint, varnish, lacquer, and related materials2

13、d 3924-色漆,清漆,噴漆和相關(guān)物質(zhì)狀態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)和試驗(yàn)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)環(huán)境規(guī)范d 4060 test method for abrasion resistance of organic coatings by the taber abraser2d 4060 -用泰伯爾磨蝕機(jī)測(cè)定有機(jī)涂層耐磨性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)方法 3. summary of test methods 試驗(yàn)方法摘要3.1 test method aan x-cut is made through the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the cut

14、and then removed, and adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the 0 to 5 scale.試驗(yàn)方法a：一個(gè)x切口貫通漆膜和底材 ，在切口處施加和移除壓敏膠帶，粘附力按照0-5等級(jí)進(jìn)行評(píng)估。3.2 test method ba lattice pattern with either six or eleven cuts in each direction is made in the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the lattice

15、andthen removed, and adhesion is evaluated by comparison with descriptions and illustrations.試驗(yàn)方法b：在涂層與底材之間切割出六道或十一道格形狀的切痕，在格之間施加和移除壓敏膠帶，通過圖表描述對(duì)比來評(píng)估粘附力。4. significance and use 意義和用途4.1 if a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or decorating a substrate, it must adhere to it for the expec

16、ted service life. because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it) have a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings, a method to evaluate adhesion of a coating to different substrates or surface treatments, or of different coatings to the same substrate and treatment, is of conside

17、rable usefulness in the industry.如果涂層能保護(hù)或裝飾底材，必須要達(dá)到預(yù)期的服務(wù)壽命。因?yàn)橥繉拥母街詫?duì)底材和其表面處理（或缺乏）有強(qiáng)烈的影響，用同一種方法來評(píng)估不同底材涂層或表面處理，或同一底材和表面處理但不同涂層被視為無(wú)用1 these test methods are under the jurisdiction of astm committee d01 on paint and related coatings, materials, and applications and are the direct responsibility of subco

18、mmittee d01.23 on physical properties of applied paint films.current edition approved aug. 10, 2002. published october 2002. originally published as d 3359 74. last previous edition d 3359 97.2 annual book of astm standards, vol 06.01.3 annual book of astm standards, vol 10.01.4 annual book of astm

19、standards, vol 02.05.5 annual book of astm standards, vol 06.02.6 annual book of astm standards, vol 15.09.此測(cè)試方法在美國(guó)材料與試驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)d01是關(guān)于油漆和相關(guān)涂層、材料、應(yīng)用軟件和關(guān)于油漆涂層的物理性能d01.23的權(quán)限下進(jìn)行的。最新版本在2002年8月10號(hào)被認(rèn)可。2002年10月出版。最初出版是d3359-74，上一個(gè)版本是d3359-97。4.2 the limitations of all adhesion methods and the specific limitation

20、of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see1.3) should be recognized before using it. the intra- and inter-laboratory precision of this test method is similar to other widely-accepted tests for coated substrates (for example, test method d 2370 and test method d 4060), but this is partly th

21、e result of it being insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. the limited scale of 0 to 5 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.在使用前，應(yīng)承認(rèn)所有附著力方法的局限性和這個(gè)試驗(yàn)方法對(duì)較低級(jí)附著力（見1.3）的特殊限制。內(nèi)部多個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室所進(jìn)行的精密度的這種測(cè)試方法類似于其他已被廣泛接受涂層測(cè)試(如測(cè)試方法d2370及測(cè)試方法d4060),為避免敏感的假象而刻意限定0-5等級(jí)范圍

22、。test method ax-cut tape test 試驗(yàn)方法a：劃x法膠帶測(cè)試5. apparatus and materials 儀器和材料5.1 cutting toolsharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting devices. it is of particular importance that the cutting edges be in good condition.切削刀具：鋒利的刀片、手術(shù)刀、刀或者其他切削設(shè)備。5.2 cutting guidesteel or other hard metal straig

23、htedge to ensure straight cuts.引導(dǎo)切割鋼制或其他金屬制的直尺或夾具來保證直線切割。5.3 tape25-mm (1.0-in.) wide semitransparent pressure sensitive tape7 with an adhesion strength agreed upon by the supplier and the user is needed. because of the variability in adhesion strength from batch-to-batch and with time, it is essent

24、ial that tape from the same batch be used when tests are to be run in different laboratories. if this is not possible， the test method should be used only for ranking a series of test coatings.膠帶經(jīng)供應(yīng)商和用戶同意的25mm寬的半透明的透明具有粘合力壓敏膠粘帶。因?yàn)檎澈狭κ请S著時(shí)間和批次不同是變化的，故各個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行測(cè)試時(shí)所使用的膠帶要是同一批次的。如果無(wú)法做到這一點(diǎn)，此測(cè)試方法應(yīng)僅適用于一系列涂層測(cè)試

25、的排名。5.4 rubber eraser, on the end of a pencil.鉛筆一頭的橡皮擦5.5 illuminationa light source is helpful in determining whether the cuts have been made through the film to the substrate.照明燈源（如手電筒）當(dāng)在漆膜與底材之間開有切割時(shí)，光源是有很有幫助的。6. test specimens 試樣6.1 when this test method is used in the field, the specimen is the

26、coated structure or article on which the adhesion is to be evaluated.當(dāng)這個(gè)試驗(yàn)方法在實(shí)地使用時(shí)，被測(cè)試的結(jié)構(gòu)或物品上的粘附力都將要被評(píng)估。6.2 for laboratory use apply the materials to be tested to panels of the composition and surface conditions on which it is desired to determine the adhesion.實(shí)驗(yàn)室使用申請(qǐng)材料進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),通過測(cè)試板的成份的和表面情況來評(píng)估附著力。note

27、 3applicable test panel description and surface preparation methods are given in practice d 609 and practices d 1730 and d 2092.備注3：適用的測(cè)試板描述和表面處理方法見d 609和d 1730、d 2092。note 4coatings should be applied in accordance with practice d 823, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.備注4：涂層應(yīng)按照

28、d 823，或者買方和賣方之間所達(dá)成的協(xié)議。note 5if desired or specified, the coated test panels may be subjected to a preliminary exposure such as water immersion, salt spray, or high humidity before conducting the tape test. the conditions and time of exposure will be governed by ultimate coating use or shall be agree

29、d upon between the purchaser and seller.備注5：如需要或已列明，規(guī)定，涂層測(cè)試板在進(jìn)行測(cè)試前可能需先暴露于/ 如：浸在水中，鹽霧或高濕度中。浸泡的時(shí)間和條件應(yīng)取決于涂層產(chǎn)品的最終用途或者買方和賣方之間達(dá)成的協(xié)議。7. procedure 程序7.1 select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections. for tests in the field, ensure that the surface is clean and dry. extremes in temperature

30、 or relative humidity may affect the adhesion of the tape or the coating.在實(shí)地做此試驗(yàn)時(shí)，需確保試樣涂層表面要清潔干燥。高溫和高濕會(huì)影響膠帶附著力。7.1.1 for specimens which have been immersed: after immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating. then dry or prepare t

31、he surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.根據(jù)買方和賣方之間雙方達(dá)成的協(xié)議，對(duì)于被浸泡的樣件，浸泡完以后用適當(dāng)?shù)娜軇ú荒軗p害涂層）擦凈表面，然后讓其干燥7.2 make two cuts in the film each about 40 mm (1.5 in.) long that intersect near their middle with a smaller angle of between 30 and 45. when making the incisions, use th

32、estraightedge and cut through the coating to the substrate in one steady motion.用刀具沿直線穩(wěn)定地切割漆臘至底材，夾角30-45，劃線40mm長(zhǎng)，交叉點(diǎn)在線長(zhǎng)的中間7.3 inspect the incisions for reflection of light from the metal substrate to establish that the coating film has been penetrated. if the substrate has not been reached make anot

33、her x in a different location. do not attempt to deepen a previous cut as this may affect adhesion along the incision.用燈光照明查看鋼質(zhì)基底的反射，確定劃痕是否到底材，如果沒有，在不同位置再劃一個(gè)x。不要試圖加深以前切口的深度，這樣可能影響切口處的附著性。7.4 remove two complete laps of the pressure-sensitive tape from the roll and discard. remove an additional lengt

34、h at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut a piece about 75 mm (3 in.) long.除去壓敏膠帶上面的兩圈，然后以穩(wěn)定的速率拉開膠帶，剪下長(zhǎng)約75mm膠帶。7.5 place the center of the tape at the intersection of the cuts with the tape running in the same direction as the smaller angles. smooth the tape into place by finger in the area o

35、f the incisions and then rub firmly with the eraser on the end of a pencil. the color under the transparent tape is a useful indication of when good contact has been made.把膠帶中間放在切割處的交叉點(diǎn)上，用手指壓平，為了保證膠帶與涂層接觸良好，再用鉛筆頂端的橡皮擦用力摩平膠帶，透過透明膠帶析顏色可以幫助我們看出與漆膜接觸的狀態(tài)密實(shí)程度7.6 within 90 30 s of application, remove the t

36、ape by seizing the free end and pulling it off rapidly (not jerked) back upon itself at as close to an angle of 180 as possible.在貼上膠帶9030 秒內(nèi)，扯住膠帶懸空的一端，快速地并盡可能確保拉力沿180的方向進(jìn)行撕離膠帶。7.7 inspect the x-cut area for removal of coating from the substrate or previous coating and rate the adhesion in accordance

37、 with the following scale:按照下列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行檢查底材涂層脫落的x切口面積情況:5a no peeling or removal,沒有脫皮或脫皮4a trace peeling or removal along incisions or at their intersection,沿刀痕或在其交叉口處有脫皮或脫落的痕跡3a jagged removal along incisions up to 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) on either side,刀痕兩邊都有缺口狀脫落達(dá)1.6mm2a jagged removal along most of incisio

38、ns up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) on either side,刀痕兩邊都有缺口狀脫落達(dá)3.2mm1a removal from most of the area of the x under the tape, 膠帶下的x區(qū)域內(nèi)大部分脫落0a removal beyond the area of the x.脫落面各超出x區(qū)域。7.8 repeat the test in two other locations on each test panel. for large structures make sufficient tests to ensure that the

39、adhesion evaluation is representative of the whole surface.在每個(gè)測(cè)試板的另外兩個(gè)地方重復(fù)測(cè)試。對(duì)大型結(jié)構(gòu)需充分試驗(yàn)以保證了粘合力評(píng)估以代表整個(gè)表面。7.9 after making several cuts examine the cutting edge and, if necessary, remove any flat spots or wire-edge by abrading lightly on a fine oil stone before using again. discard cutting tools that

40、develop nicks or other defects that tear the film.切割了幾個(gè)切口以后，檢查切口邊，如果需要，使用以前用油石輕微磨擦去除斑點(diǎn)、除尖角report 報(bào)告8.1 report the number of tests, their mean and range, and for coating systems, where the failure occurred that is, between first coat and substrate, between first and second coat, etc.記錄試驗(yàn)的數(shù)次及相關(guān)意思和范圍，對(duì)

41、于涂層系統(tǒng)，失效發(fā)生在哪里，發(fā)生在第一個(gè)涂層和基體之間，還是在第一與第二涂層之間。8.2 for field tests report the structure or article tested, the location and the environmental conditions at the time of testing.實(shí)地測(cè)試時(shí)，報(bào)告需注明涂層系統(tǒng)、施工時(shí)間、固化情況。8.3 for test panels report the substrate employed, the type of coating, the method of cure, and the envi

42、ronmental conditions at the time of testing.記錄測(cè)試板所用的底材，涂層的類型，處理的方法，和試驗(yàn)時(shí)的環(huán)境情況。8.4 if the adhesion strength of the tape has been determined in accordance with test methods d 1000 or d 3330, report the results with the adhesion rating(s). if the adhesion strength of the tape has not been determined, re

43、port the specific tape used and its manufacturer.如果膠帶的附著力已確定符合d 1000 或者 d 3330，記錄附著力等級(jí)的結(jié)果。如果膠帶附著力大小未確定，記錄所使用的膠帶細(xì)節(jié)及其生產(chǎn)廠家。8.5 if the test is performed after immersion, report immersion conditions and method of sample preparation.如果試驗(yàn)在浸泡以后再進(jìn)行，記錄浸泡的條件和試樣準(zhǔn)備方法。9. precision and bias 8 精度和偏差9.1 in an interl

44、aboratory study of this test method in which operators in six laboratories made one adhesion measurement on three panels each of three coatings covering a wide range of adhesion, the within-laboratories standard deviation was found to be 0.33 and the between-laboratories 0.44. based on these standar

45、d deviations, the following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results at the 95 % confidence level:在多個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行的測(cè)試方法。操作者在6個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)的3個(gè)平板上（各涂層上進(jìn)行一系列附著力測(cè)量，做同一個(gè)附著力測(cè)試。在同一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為0.33,在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)現(xiàn)偏差為0.44.以這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差為基礎(chǔ)，以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)該用來確定結(jié)果的可行性有95%的可信度。9.1.1 repeatabilityprovided adhesion is uniform over

46、 a large surface, results obtained by the same operator should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1 rating unit for two measurements.重復(fù)性：假定在一個(gè)大表面的附著力是一致的，同一個(gè)操作者兩次測(cè)量得到的結(jié)果差異超過一個(gè)單位等級(jí)，那麼將被認(rèn)為是不可信的。9.1.2 reproducibilitytwo results, each the mean of triplicates, obtained by different operato

47、rs should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 1.5 rating units.再現(xiàn)性：取每個(gè)操作者3次測(cè)量的均值，如果得到的兩個(gè)結(jié)果超過1.5個(gè)單位等級(jí)，那麼將被認(rèn)為是不可信的。9.2 bias cannot be established for these test methods.用這些測(cè)試方法不能確定偏差。test method bcross-cut tape test 測(cè)試方法b：劃格法膠帶測(cè)試10. apparatus and materials 器具和材料10.1 cutting tool9sharp ra

48、zor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutting device having a cutting edge angle between 15 and 30 that will make either a single cut or several cuts at once. it is of particular importance that the cutting edge or edges be in good condition.切割刀具：鋒利的刀刃、手術(shù)刀、刀或者其他切削設(shè)備（刀刃在15-30度之間），切削單個(gè)切口或多個(gè)切口。切割邊緣情況良好是特別

49、重要的。10.2 cutting guideif cuts are made manually (as opposed to a mechanical apparatus) a steel or other hard metal straightedge or template to ensure straight cuts.切割指南：如果是手動(dòng)切削，鋼制或其他金屬制的直尺或夾具來保證直線切割。10.3 ruletempered steel rule graduated in 0.5 mm for measuring individual cuts.尺子：用刻度為0.5mm間距的尺子10.4

50、tape, as described in 5.3.膠帶：見5.310.5 rubber eraser, on the end of a pencil.鉛筆一頭的橡皮擦10.6 illumination, as described in 5.5.照明描述見5.510.7 magnifying glassan illuminated magnifier to be used while making individual cuts and examining the test area.放大鏡照明放大器。11. test specimens 試樣11.1 test specimens shall

51、 be as described in section 6. it should be noted, however, that multitip cutters10 provide good results only on test areas sufficiently plane that all cutting edges contact the substrate to the same degree. check for flatness with a straight edge such as that of the tempered steel rule(10.3).試樣要求需同

52、第6部分。應(yīng)當(dāng)記錄，只有當(dāng)試驗(yàn)區(qū)域足夠平使切口在同一程度接觸底材時(shí)，得到好的結(jié)果。12. procedure程序12.1 where required or when agreed upon, subject the specimens to a preliminary test before conducting the tape test (see note 3). after drying or testing the coating, conduct the tape test at room temperature as defined in specification d 3924

53、, unless d 3924 standard temperature is required or agreed.當(dāng)需要或已達(dá)成協(xié)議時(shí),進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)以前樣本要經(jīng)過初步測(cè)試（見注3）。經(jīng)過烘干或涂層檢驗(yàn)，按照d3924（如需要或達(dá)成協(xié)議）中要求的室溫進(jìn)行膠帶試驗(yàn)。12.1.1 for specimens which have been immersed: after immersion, clean and wipe the surface with an appropriate solvent which will not harm the integrity of the coating.

54、thendry or prepare the surface, or both, as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.根據(jù)買方和賣方之間雙方達(dá)成的協(xié)議，對(duì)于被浸泡的樣件，浸泡完以后用適當(dāng)?shù)娜軇ú荒軗p害涂層）擦凈表面，然后讓其干燥12.2 select an area free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections, place on a firm base, and under the illuminated magnifier, make parallel cuts as

55、 follows:選擇一個(gè)無(wú)瑕疵和表面無(wú)小缺陷的區(qū)域，平穩(wěn)地放在照明放大鏡下，按如下所示平行切割：12.2.1 for coatings having a dry film thickness up to and including 2.0 mils (50 m) space the cuts 1 mm apart and make eleven cuts unless otherwise agreed upon.使涂層漆膜表面干燥，包括50um的空間切口距離1mm，有11個(gè)切口，或者協(xié)商確定。12.2.2 for coatings having a dry film thickness be

56、tween 2.0 mils (50 m) and 5 mils (125 m), space the cuts 2 mm apart and make six cuts. for films thicker than 5 mils use testmethod a.11漆膜厚度2.0 mils (50 m)-5 mils (125 m)之間，劃6個(gè)切口，每個(gè)切口間距2mm，涂層漆膜厚度大于5 mils用測(cè)試方法a11.12.2.3 make all cuts about 20 mm (3.4 in.) long. cut through the film to the substrate i

57、n one steady motion using just sufficient pressure on the cutting tool to have the cutting edge reach the substrate. when making successive single cuts with the aid of a guide, place the guide on the uncut area.切口長(zhǎng)20mm。勻速的切割漆膜，刀刀見鐵(直透底材表面)12.3 after making the required cuts brush the film lightly wi

58、th a soft brush or tissue to remove any detached flakes or ribbons of coatings.切完切口以后，用軟刷子或薄紙輕掃，去除剝落的薄片或剝落的涂層。12.4 examine the cutting edge and, if necessary, remove any flat spots or wire-edge by abrading lightly on a fine oil tone. make the additional number of cuts at 90 to andcentered on the original cuts.檢查切口邊緣，如果需要，使用以前用油石輕微磨擦去除斑點(diǎn)、除尖角；并重復(fù)以上操作，以90角再次平行等數(shù)切割漆臘，形成井字格12.5 brush the area as before and inspect the i