美國(guó)文學(xué)chapter2

1、 Literature of the 18th century Literature of early romanticism Last lecture Native American literature Literature of colonial settlement Literature of the 18th century Benjamin Franklin Washington Irving Fenimore Cooper Quiz 1. What was Franklin fond of since childhood? 2. How many languages did Fr

2、anklin learn? 3. What is the significance of Washington Irving to American literature? 4. What is the legend of the Sleepy Hollow? 5. what kind of stories was Cooper good at writing? Selection of Autobiography (p. 20-25) Narrator? Time order? Human relationship? Central ideas? Benjamin Franklin (170

3、6-1790): a man of action What was Franklin fond of since childhood? What kind of books was he fond of reading? Any changes? What is part III about? How many languages did Franklin learn? In 1727, Benjamin Franklin, then 21, created the Junto, a group of like minded aspiring artisans and tradesmen wh

4、o hoped to improve themselves while they improved their community. The Junto was a discussion group for issues of the day; it subsequently gave rise to many organizations in Philadelphia. Style utilitarian and didactic, characterized by simplicity, frankness, wit, clarity, logic and order. Significa

5、nce It presents a prototype of American success which inspired generations of Americans. It is an embodiment of Puritanism and enlightening spirits. With it Franklin set the form for autobiography as a genre. Some of well-known quotations of Franklin They who can give up essential liberty to obtain

6、a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety. (Franklins Contributions to the Conference on February 17 (III) Fri, Feb 17, 1775) Three may keep a secret, if two of them are dead. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise Temperance Tis easy to see, hard t

7、o foresee. What is serving God? Tis doing Good to Man. God helps them that help themselves. If you would not be forgotten As soon as you are dead and rotten, Either write things worthy reading, Or do things worth the writing There are three faithful friends - an old wife, an old dog, and ready money

8、 Keep your eyes wide open before marriage, half shut afterwards Why Franklin is admired and read widely? He is a typical American model of the self-made man, a cultural hero whose life exemplified the American dream of the poor boy who made good. He stressed the importance of working hard to make mo

9、ney, happiness depending on economic success and optimistically believed that every American could do so. He was convinced that no man could be virtuous or happy unless he did his best to improve the life of his society and his own life. Sleep Hollow, Tarry Down l Father of American Literature lFath

10、er of American short story lHis first book(1809) up to 1832 predominantly “English” lback in America (1832-1859) a spirit of nationalism lMy native country was full of youthful promise; Europe was rich in the accumulated treasures of age. (The Authors Account of Himself) lThe Sketch Book of Geoffrey

11、 Crayon, Gent a collection of essays, sketches, and tales. lThe Authors Account of Himself lRip Van Winkle The Legend of Sleepy Hollow lthe sleepyhead Rip Van Winkle ( Rip Van Winkle ) the scarifying Headless Horseman (The Legend of Sleepy Hollow) lWhat is the significance of Washington Irving to Am

12、erican literature? lWhat is the legend of the Sleepy Hollow? lWhere is the Sleepy Hollow? lMain characters? Relationship? Personality? lWhat happened? lWhy? How it ended? l Irvings writing style compared with Franklins? lIchabod Crane lBrom Bones katrina Van Tassel rival Love Love lThe witching and

13、mysterious atmosphere , the enchanted, spellbound region(62) lDescription of the pedagogue( 64) lHis calculation on the girl and description of his rival Brom Bones (69-72) lInvitation to the party (75) lEnjoyment on the party (78-82) lHis horrible encounter with the Headless Horseman (83-87) lmostl

14、y the fantastic and thrilling stories taking place long ago and far away, rich in mystic color. l a persistent interest in the primitive literature, in which he found inspiration of various kind. lLegendary stories lLucid, musing and entertaining lRich atmosphere lvivid characters lhumorous and musi

15、cal language l novels about the revolutionary past l sea novels l American frontier novels. la profound admiration and love for nature. The beauty and perfection of nature could produce in him unspeakable joy and exaltation. lFrontier novel l The Pioneers, appeared in (1823 ) lThe Last of the Mohica

16、ns (1826) lThe Prairie (1827) l The Pathfinder (1840) l The Deerslayer (1841) lA man of nature, a rebel heroically opposed to modern civilization. a hero who never married or changed his ideals. lthe last uncorrupted white man lloyal, courageous and a superb exponent of woodcraft The Last of Mohican

17、s Central figure Good characters Evil characters Excerpt p. 97 Activities Retell the story of Franklin from perspective of his grandson Retell the story of Ichabod from the perspective of Brom Bones Perform the scene of fighting of The Last of Mohicans Assignment Allan Poe: The Raven, The Fall of the House of