就近就遠原則概念和練習

1、主謂：就近 , 就遠原則一就遠原則 （謂語動詞與前面主語一致）代表詞匯：as well as; （together/along）with;Rather than; except; besides;but; including; in addition to; apart from例子： He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.一、 當主語后面與 with, as well as, but, except, like, rather than, no less than, besides, inc

2、luding 等名詞或代詞連用時，謂語動詞與第一 個主語保持一致。1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _visitinga museumwhen the earthquake struck.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be2. A library along with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered3. E-mail, a

3、s well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication.playing B. have played C. are playing D. play4. Nobody but Jane _the secret.A. know B. knows C. have known known5. All but one _ here just now.been二 . 就近一致原則，謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞（有時不一定是主語）在“人稱、 人數(shù)”上一致。一、在正式文體中：1. 由下列詞語連接的并列主語：“ there be+ 句型； or;

4、 either.or; nor; neither.nor; whether.or; not.but; not only.but also”等。(1) What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行為或言談與我無關。(2) Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都沒錯。(3) Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父親該受責備。(4) Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不僅你錯了，他也錯了。6. Either you or

5、the headmaster _the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A. was handing out B. are to hand outC. are handing out D. is to hand out7. Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examinationafter another.B. are2. 在倒裝句中，謂語可與后面第一個主語一致 。(1) In the distance was heard the clapping of ha

6、nds and the shouts of the people. 在遠處，能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲。(2) There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書。非正式文體中：有時依“就近”和“意義” 一致的原則；但語法上，“no one”才是主語，謂語要改成“ agrees”?！皩懽髦小币话阋馈罢Z法一致”原則。 總結：英語就近原則短語1. There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk.=There are some pencils and a book

7、on the desk.2. Neither.nor.Neither you nor he is right.= Neither he nor you are right.3. either.or.Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday.4. not only.but also.Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only

8、Ann s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.三、當“the only one of+ 復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”，且關系代詞在定語從句中 作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用 單數(shù)形式，當“one of+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句” 且關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用 復數(shù)形式。8. He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.B. are C. have been D. has been9. She is one o

9、f the few girls who _in the kindergarten.A. is well paid B. are well paidC. is paying well D. are paying well四、當 news, means, maths, plastics, physics 等在形式上是復數(shù)概念，而 在意義上是單數(shù)概念的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用 單數(shù)形式。10. Every possible means_to prevent the pollution, but the sky is still not clear.used B. are used C. has be

10、en used D. have been used五、當 分數(shù)（百分數(shù)） + of + 名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于 of 后面名詞 的數(shù)。12. The number of people invitedfifty,but a number of them _absent11. of the land in that distrcitcovered with trees and glass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; isD. Two fifths; are六、 the number of.（.的數(shù)目 ） 短語作主語時，謂

11、語動詞用 單數(shù)形式；當 anumber of.（ 許多 .）短語作主語時，謂語動詞用 復數(shù)形式。for different reasons.A. were; was B. was; was C. was; was D. were; were七、當“ 疑問詞 +不定式 ”結構作主語時，謂語動詞常用 單數(shù)形式13. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided練習題:1、In our school lib

12、rary, there a number of books on science and thenumber of them become larger and larger.A、have; isB、is ；have C 、are ；is D 、is ；are2、Either you or Tom a boss.A、isB、are C 、 have D 、has3、There any new words in Lesson Two, it s too easy.A、isB、are C 、aren t D 、isn t4、Tom， there a dictionary and some book

13、s on your desk. Please putthem away.Ok, mom. I will do it right away.A、isB、are C 、has D 、 isn t5、Lucy Lily is going with you, because one of them must stay athome.A、not only ；but also B 、neither ；nor C 、either ； or D 、both ；and6 Neither my father nor my mother rock music. They think that it stoo.A、like; noise B 、likes; noisy C 、likes; noise D 、like; noisy 7. The head teacher with his students Nature Park if ittomorrow.A、is going to ；will rain B、 are going to; doesn t rainC 、is going to; doesn t