非謂語動詞(Ankey)

1、非謂語動詞非謂語動詞1一一 什么叫非謂語動詞？與謂語動詞有什么區(qū)別？什么叫非謂語動詞？與謂語動詞有什么區(qū)別？二二 非謂語動詞有哪些？非謂語動詞有哪些？ 有哪些具體的不同形式？有哪些具體的不同形式？三三 不同的非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示不同的非謂語動詞表示的動作與謂語動詞表示 的動作的先后關(guān)系是什么？的動作的先后關(guān)系是什么？四四 非謂語動詞在句中通常作什么成分？非謂語動詞在句中通常作什么成分？ 要點知識要點知識檢查檢查及重難點強調(diào)及重難點強調(diào)與提醒與提醒 2 什么是非謂什么是非謂 語動詞??？語動詞啊？ “非謂語非謂語非謂語非謂語”, ,就是不是謂語的動詞就是不是謂語的動詞唄唄! !那不是

2、謂語那不是謂語是什么呢？是什么呢？。34概述：概述： 1.謂語動詞：謂語動詞：2. 非謂語動詞：非謂語動詞：在句子中擔任謂語的動詞。在句子中擔任謂語的動詞。非謂語動詞就是不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法非謂語動詞就是不能作句子謂語而具有其他語法功能的動詞。功能的動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), ,辨別辨別“謂語與非謂語謂語與非謂語” _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2 _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C.

3、 He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A注意連詞注意連詞3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標點符號注意標點符號nThere have been several new events added to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.nIn the

4、dream Peter saw himself ran after by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly. nThe wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket covering the desert. nThe Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in 2008. 找出謂語及非謂語找出謂語及非謂語過去分詞過去分詞 v-ed不定式不定式 to + v動詞的動詞的v-ing非謂語動詞非謂語動詞8n to + vn

5、 v-ingn v-ed 區(qū)區(qū) 別別將要發(fā)生的將要發(fā)生的同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生 9被動被動 主動主動/被動被動主動主動已經(jīng)發(fā)生已經(jīng)發(fā)生二二. 找邏輯主語找邏輯主語三、分析語態(tài)三、分析語態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)一一. 辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂”非謂語動詞解題步驟非謂語動詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài) 非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二）找邏輯主語（二）找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street

6、one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一一般來說，作般來說，作狀語狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語；的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語； 作作賓補賓補的非謂語動詞的邏輯

7、主語是賓語；的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是賓語； 作作定語定語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEverythingthey1._ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.動詞不定式動詞不定式的基本形式的基本形式 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)一般式完成式進行式

8、完成進行式 13非謂語動詞的非謂語動詞的 9 種種形式形式done-ingto do被動被動主動主動被動被動主動主動完成式完成式一般式一般式doingdonebeing done have done havingbeen donehavingbe donehave donehave been done14（三）分析語態(tài)（三）分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動主動還是還是被動被動關(guān)系。關(guān)系。 “You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away.

9、A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. LosingJane the two students（四）（四）分析時態(tài)分析時態(tài)1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3

10、. The building _last year is a restaurant. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built _C_B_D原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式 When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained如：如：She got up

11、very early to catch up the first bus.2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making to catch up the first bus.3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. moved B. moving C. to move D.

12、Being moved原則二：原則二： 用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用-ing.-ing.inging形式作伴隨狀語與形式作伴隨狀語與 to doto do作目的狀語的區(qū)別：作目的狀語的區(qū)別：作伴隨狀語的作伴隨狀語的inging形式與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生且形式與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生且前面常常帶一逗號前面常常帶一逗號; ;而作目的狀語的不定式的動作要比而作目的狀語的不定式的動作要比謂語動詞的動作后發(fā)生謂語動詞的動作后發(fā)生前面不能用逗號。前面不能用逗號。用括號里的詞的適當形式填空用括號里的詞的適當形式填空1. Write to the editor, _ that the e

13、ditor would be able to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )preparingto resthopingTo keep,原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語時，可用-ing-ing或不定式，其原

14、則區(qū)別是，或不定式，其原則區(qū)別是，一般用一般用-ing-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷）天津卷） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析解析

15、 此處用此處用-ing 表示自然而然的結(jié)果。表示自然而然的結(jié)果。 如：如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。大雨滂沱，造成了那個地方洪水泛濫。6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山東卷）山東卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to b

16、e reaching 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. （2006陜西卷）陜西卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7.He hurried to the station, only _ that the train had left. (2005廣東卷廣東卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人

17、意料的結(jié)果。在此表示出人意料的結(jié)果。原則四：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。原則四：凡是含有被動意義時，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動但是，如果所涉及的動作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動式；如果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用式；如果所涉及的動作正在進行，則用-ing-ing的被動式的被動式. .9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. （2007浙江卷）浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D.

18、 being heard 【解析解析】根據(jù)句意，此處指的是根據(jù)句意，此處指的是“被聽見被聽見”，故要用被，故要用被 動式，因此動式，因此 可排除可排除 B 和和 C。另外，由于。另外，由于“設法被聽見設法被聽見”為目的狀語，動作在為目的狀語，動作在 當時尚未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選當時尚未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選 A。 11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to se

19、at; fixing C.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析解析】of 后應接后應接-ing，desks 與與open and close 之間存在邏輯之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，又因上的被

20、動關(guān)系，又因could be heard，所以選，所以選-ing的被動式表正的被動式表正在被進行的動作。在被進行的動作。of a stranger his eyessittingseat vt. fix ones eyes upon=I was seated.I seated myself.=I sat down原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與原則五：非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致主句主語保持一致.12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （2006陜西卷）陜西卷） A. John has taken an extra

21、job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John 13. While watching television，_. （2005全國卷全國卷III） A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 【解析解析】因為因為 watching 的邏輯主語一定是人，排除

22、選項的邏輯主語一定是人，排除選項 A 和和 B ；又因在；又因在hear后作賓補的是省略了后作賓補的是省略了 to 的不定式，的不定式， 所以選項所以選項 D 中的中的 rings 是錯誤的。是錯誤的。watchingfaced with(be) faced with原則六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式原則六：強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前時，原則上要用完成式（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式）的完成式） 14._ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has

23、many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. （2005湖北卷）湖北卷） Being separated B. Having separatedC.Having been separated D. to be separated 【解析解析】因為因為 Australia 與與 separate 是被動關(guān)系，且是被動關(guān)系，且 separate 發(fā)生在謂語動詞發(fā)生在謂語動詞 has 之前，所以用之前，所以用-ing的完成被動式作原因狀語。的完成被動式作原因狀語。 15. The manager，_ it

24、 clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. （2005江西卷）江西卷） A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making【解析解析】因為因為 The manager 與與 make 是主動關(guān)系，且是主動關(guān)系，且 make 發(fā)生在謂語發(fā)生在謂語 left 之前，所以用之前，所以用-ing的完成式作狀語，的完成式作狀語， having made . 相當于相當于 who had made. 的意思。的意思。lefthas16.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country Yes, In London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyinghe studied in ?he will study in?he studies in?CABisSb is said to do 據(jù)說據(jù)說原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是：原則七：用于名詞后作定語時，原則是： 用不定式，表示動作尚未發(fā)生用