怎樣淺顯易懂地解釋英語各種從句的邏輯？

1、（一）問題澄清：何謂從句從題目的正文可以看出來題主問的是名詞性從句、形容詞性從句（定語從句）、副詞性從句（狀語從句）三類復雜句從句，但是從句的概念不止如此。英語中的從句概念包括：復合句（compound sentence），常稱為并列句，指的是用連詞連接多個簡單句組成的句子。復雜句（complex sentence），也稱為從句、主從復合句，用代詞、副詞、連詞把一個簡單句作為另外一個簡單句的從屬成分的句子。兩點說明：上面這兩種是專業(yè)語法的說法，而一般我們說的復雜句其實指的是比較難比較復雜的句子，可能是簡單句、復合句或者復合句。要學好語法，首先就要準確定義這些名詞，不然會混，很多爭論也是從此而來

2、。復合句和復雜句還可以融合為復合復雜句，也稱為并列復雜句，不過理解了復合句和復雜句，就不用單獨討論。雖然題主問的只是上面的第二種，即復雜句（complex sentence），但是無邀自答，把這兩種一起講了，因為這兩種從句的根本規(guī)律是一體的。（二）總起：從句的一般結構從上面的復合句和復雜句的定義就可以看出來，從句都是兩個句子連接起來，代詞、副詞、連詞，都籠統(tǒng)地稱為引導詞，所以從句的一般結構是：簡單句1 + 引導詞 + 簡單句2關鍵點在引導詞上，分述如下：復合句的引導詞：連詞復雜句的引導詞：代詞、副詞、連詞根據(jù)引導詞能夠連接的句子的完整性（即完整句子與不完整句句子），引導詞可以分為兩類：代詞 +

3、 不完整句子（即SVtO缺少S或者缺少O）副詞/連詞 + 完整句子（即SVO俱全或者SVi不需要O）（三）復合句復合句 = 簡單句1 + 并列連詞 + 簡單句2而并列連詞又極其簡單，即fanboys + and yet + and so，fanboys即下列連詞的首字母縮寫：for: Id better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.and: He is so handsome and the princess is willing to marry him.nor: The city is not beautiful, nor is it

4、 clean.but: I like action movies but she doesnt like them.or: Take the chance, or you will regret.yet: She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out.and yet: She walked slowly into the hall

5、 and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, and yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out.so: It is hard for energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment.and so: It is hard fo

6、r energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, and so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment.三點說明：and yet和and so是可以合并的兩個連詞，其他連詞只能用一個（比如and or就不對，and but也不對，當然and/or另當別論。and therefore、and thus等并不是連詞合用，因為therefore/thus是副詞，所以在and therefore + 簡單句2中，therefore只是副

7、詞做狀語。常見偽連詞：thereforehowevermoreover/furthermorenonetheless/neverthelessnotwithstandingthen錯誤用法句子1, however, 句子2.正確用法1）句子1. However, 句子2.2）句子1; however, 句子2.3）句子1. 句子2第一部分, however, 句子2剩余部分.4）句子1. 句子2, however.（四）復雜句復雜句 = 主句 + 從句 = 簡單句1 + 引導詞 + 簡單句2（劃線部分即是從句）復雜句分為三類、六種，上圖：（因為形容詞性從句只有定語從句一種，副詞性從句只有狀語從

8、句一種，所以大家習慣的叫法是：名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句，但是從今天起不要了哦，請專業(yè)起來哦hahah其實無所謂的）4.1名詞性從句名詞性從句有四類，上圖：名詞性從句的一般規(guī)律是分兩類：that/whether/if + 完整句子特殊疑問詞的陳述語序1）先講主語/賓語/表語從句：that/ whether/ if + 完整句子（注意這里的that是連詞）That you are right is a lie.I believe (that) you are right.It is not that you lied to me; it is that you do not regret i

9、t at all now.I dont know whether/ if he is trustworthy.特殊疑問句的陳述語what: What he wants to tell us is not clear.whatever: Whatever he does is not my concern.which: It is still unknown which team will win the match.whichever: I dont care whichever team will win the match.who: Who will win the match is st

10、ill unknown.whoever: Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lightswhom: I dont know whom he gave that ring to.whomever: I dont care whomever he gave that ring to.where: Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.wherever: Wherever the English evening will be held i

11、s not my business.when: I hate it when they speak with their mouths full of food.（it是形式賓語）whenever: Whenever they speak with their mouths full of food is a pain for me.whose: Please tell me whose umbrella this is.whosever: Whosever umbrella this is is not my business.how: It is known to us how he be

12、came a writer.however: However he became a writer is his own secret.why: I still dont understand why he chose to betray me.2）再講同位語從句：同位語從句 = 抽象名詞 + 主/賓/表從句 = 抽象名詞 + 引導詞 + 同位句抽象名詞概括同位句，同位句解釋抽象名詞抽象名詞：fact/ idea/ news/ information/ order/ belief/ advice/ suggestion引導詞that（注意這里的that是連詞）The girls were su

13、rprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression that he was boarding the Tokyo plane.The thought

14、came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.引導詞whetherThe question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.特殊疑問詞引導詞what/ who/ whom/ whose/ when/ where/ how/ whyI have no idea what size she wears.The question who will take his place is still not clear.We havent

15、 yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.4.2形容詞性從句即定語從句，引導詞在國內的語法教育中常稱為關系詞，分兩類：關系代詞that/ which/ who/ whom/ whose + 不完整句子Its the only one that Ive left.He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.Is he the man who/that wants to see you?They rushed over to help the man wh

16、ose car had broken down.關系副詞when/ where/ why + 完整句子There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?4.3副詞性從句即狀語從句，狀語從句的引導詞只有副詞和連詞，所以只能引導完整句子，一般按意義分為9類：時間：When the dry desert ends, the green gra

17、ss grows.地點：Where there is a will, there is a way.原因：Collecting provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at ones treasures is always a joy.目的：Such a plan should be carried out so that the goal of education could be better met.（注意這里的that是連詞）結果：Youth is so wonderful that it is a crime to

18、 waste it.（注意這里的that是連詞）條件；If the economy still develops at present way, the environment will be getting worse and worse.讓步：Although advertisements are never without disadvantages, their advantages carry more weight.比較：The more we study, the better we understand life. (The + 比較級, the + 比較級)方式：If we cannot do as we would, we must do as we can.（五）結論去除上面所有的例子，可以看得出來從句，不論是復合句還是復雜句都是極其簡單的，不過本人也是在英語專業(yè)的三年級才完全理解透徹，之前總是被老師給