八年級上UNIT3

1、教學內容一 Words1. outgoing adj. 外向的；愛交際的；友好的2. better adj. &adv. 較好的（地）3. loudly adv. 喧鬧地；大聲地；響亮地4. quietly adv. 安靜地；輕聲地5. hard-working adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的6. competition n. 比賽；競賽；競爭7. clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地8. win v. 獲勝；贏得9. talented adj. 有才能的；有才干的10. truly adv. 真正；確實11. care v. 關心；在意12. serious adj. 嚴肅的；穩(wěn)重

2、的13. necessary adj. 必需的；必要的14. though adv. 然而；可是；conj. 雖然；盡管15. reach v. 到達；抵達；伸手16. touch v. 觸摸；觸動17. break v. (使)破；裂；損壞18. laugh v. 笑；發(fā)笑；n. 笑聲19. share v. 分享；共享20. loud adj. 大聲的；響亮的21. similar adj. 相像的；類似的22. information n. 信息；消息二Phrases1. care about 關心；在意2. as long as 只要；既然3. be different from 與不

3、同4. bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出5. be the same as 與一樣6. in fact 事實上；實際上7. be similar to 與相似8. more outgoing 更外向9. asas 與一樣10. the singing competition 唱歌比賽11. the most important 最重要的12. be talented in music 有音樂天賦13. be like a mirror 像一面鏡子14. get better grades 取得更好的成績15. reach for 伸手取16. touch ones heart 感動某人17

4、. make friends 交朋友18. be good at 擅長19. the other 其他的20. be good with 善于與相處練習（一）I根據(jù)要求寫單詞1. 外向的；友好的_ 比較級_2. 較好的（地）_ 原級 _3. 安靜地_ 形容詞_4. 雖然；盡管_ 同義詞_5. 損壞_ 過去式_II英漢互譯1. 事實上_ 2. be similar to _3. bring out _ 4. the most important _5. 感動某人_ 6. 擅長_7. 關心_ 8. be good with _三Language points1. Thats Tara, isnt

5、it? 那是塔拉，不是嗎？該句為反意疑問句。反意疑問句是指在陳述句后附加一個簡短問句，征詢肯定或否定的意見，或者希望陳述句所說的得到證實。構成如下：(1) 肯定的陳述句+否定的的簡短問句Jim likes listening to music, doesnt he? 吉姆喜歡聽音樂，是嗎？Yes, he does. 是的，他喜歡。Lucy is good at swimming, isnt she? 露西擅長游泳，是吧？No, she isnt. 不，她不擅長。(2) 否定的陳述句+肯定的簡短問句Li lei didnt go to school yesterday, did he? 李磊昨天

6、沒有去上學，是吧？Yes, he did. 不，他去了。He isnt a student, is he? 他不是學生，是吧？No, he isnt. 是的，他不是。注意：回答反意疑問句時要注意肯定事實用yes，否定事實用no。e.g. Our hometown is more beautiful than before, _?A. isnt it B. is it C. doesnt it D. does it解析：本題考查反意疑問句。前面是肯定形式，后面應該用否定形式。又因為前面的主語our hometown 是單數(shù)概念，謂語動詞是is，所以應該填isnt it。答案：A。2. Tara

7、works as hard as Tina. 塔拉學習和蒂娜一樣努力。asas 意為“與一樣”，asas 中間接形容詞或副詞原級。否定結構為 not asas 意為“不如”。在否定句中相當于not soas。He is as _ as his father. 他和他爸爸一樣高。Tom gets up _ _ _ Jim. 湯姆起得和吉姆一樣早。Lucy isnt _ outgoing as Mary. 露西不如瑪麗外向。e.g. Li Huas shoes are as _ as Zhang Huis.A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheaper解析：asas 中間接形

8、容詞或副詞的原級，因此答案為A。句意：李華的鞋子與張輝的一樣便宜。答案：A。3. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不過，你能看得出來，麗薩確實想贏。(1) win 此處用作不及物動詞，意為“贏；獲勝”；win還可作及物動詞，意為“贏得；在中獲勝”，這時候后面的賓語應為比賽的項目、獎品或戰(zhàn)爭等。win 的過去式won。He is sure to win. 他一定能獲勝。He won the first prize. 他獲得了第一名。Who won the race? 誰贏得了比賽？辨析：win與beatwin “贏得；獲勝

9、”，用作及物動詞，其后的賓語為比賽的項目、獎品或戰(zhàn)爭等。beat “打贏；戰(zhàn)勝”，用于比賽時，賓語為所戰(zhàn)勝的對手。We won the basketball game. 我們贏得了籃球賽。Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 李磊在百米賽跑中戰(zhàn)勝了所有的對手。(2) though 在這里為副詞，意為“不過；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗號與句子隔開。Jim said that he would come; he didnt, though. 吉姆說他會來，可是他沒來?！就卣埂縯hough 作連詞，意為“雖然；盡管”，相當于a

10、lthough。Though ha has no money, he lives very happily. 盡管他沒有錢，但是他過得很幸福。4. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. 但是最重要的是學到一些新東西并獲得樂趣。(1) the most important 意為“最重要的”，是important 的最高級形式。important 的比較級為more important。I think English is the most important of all the subjects

11、. 我認為在所有的科目中英語是最重要的。The most important thing is to work hard. 最重要的是努力學習。(2) have fun 意為“玩得高興；獲得樂趣”。同義短語：enjoy oneself；have a good timeIts a good place to have fun. 那是一個獲得樂趣的好地方。Did you have fun at the party? 你在晚會上玩得開心嗎？【拓展】have fun doing sth. 意為“做某事很有趣”。Did you have fun visiting that country? 參觀那個國家

12、你們快樂嗎？5. truly cares about me. 確實關心我。(1) truly 副詞，意為“真正；確實”，常放在系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞的后面，實意動詞的前面。He is truly happy. 他真的很開心。I truly want to go home. 我確實想回家?！就卣埂?true 形容詞，意為“真實的；真的；符合事實的”。This is a true story. 這是一個真實的故事。 truth 名詞，意為“事實；實情”。How do we know youre telling the truth? 我們怎么知道你說的是實話？(2) care 動詞，意為“在意；擔

13、憂；關心”。care about 意為“關心；在意”；care for 意為“喜歡；照顧”。Your mother truly cares about you. 你媽媽確實關心你。My father doesnt care for tea. 我爸爸不喜歡喝茶。He has to care for his sister at home. 他得在家照顧妹妹?！就卣埂縞are 還可作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“小心；在意關懷”。常用短語有： take care 意為“當心；小心”，相當于be careful。Take care not to fall into the river. 當心不要掉進河里。 tak

14、e care of 意為“照顧；照看”，相當于look after。You should take care of yourself. 你應該照顧好你自己。6. makes me laugh. 讓我發(fā)笑。(1) make sb. do sth. 意為“讓某人做某事”，make 后接不帶to 的不定式作賓語補足語。His father always makes him get up before five oclock. 他爸爸總是讓他在五點鐘之前起床。The teacher made me answer this difficult question. 老師讓我回答這個難題?！就卣埂縨ake

15、sb./sth. +形容詞，意為“讓某人/某物”，該結構中的形容詞作賓補。You should make your parents happy. 你應該讓你父母開心。e.g. Have you seen the funny movie Let the Bullet（子彈）Fly?Yes, it made me _ many times.A. laugh B. cry C. sleep D. sing解析：laugh 大笑；cry 哭；sleep 睡覺；sing 唱歌。由問句“你看過這部搞笑的電影讓子彈飛嗎？”以及答語中的“Yes”可推知“它讓我笑了好多次”。答案：A。(2) laugh 不及物

16、動詞，意為“笑；發(fā)笑”，常用短語laugh at sb. ，意為“嘲笑某人”。Dont laugh when you have a meal. 吃飯時不要大笑。辨析：laugh 與smilelaugh 一般表示“出聲地（大笑）”，不但有面部表情，而且還有聲音。短語laugh at 意為“嘲笑；因而發(fā)笑”smile 一般表示“無聲地微笑”，指的是面部表情。短語smile at 意為“向微笑”We laughed at his jokes. 我們聽了他的笑話都笑了。He smiled at me. 他朝我微笑?！就卣埂縧augh 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“笑；笑聲”。7. Well, Mary and h

17、er best friend are both tall. 哦，瑪麗和她最好的朋友都很高。both 代詞，意為“兩者都”。作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)，常放在系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞的后面，行為動詞的前面。They are both good swimmers. 他們兩個都是游泳好手。We both like playing basketball. 我們兩個都喜歡打籃球。【拓展】(1) both of +人稱代詞的賓格或復數(shù)名詞（接復數(shù)名詞時of 通常省略），意為“兩者都”。Both of us want to leave here. 我們兩個都想離開這里。Both (of) the books a

18、re interesting. 這兩本書都很有趣。(2) both A and B 意為“A和B都；既A又B”。Both Jim and Tom are my good friends. 吉姆和湯姆都是我的好朋友。He can speak both English and French very well. 他不但英語說得好，而且法語說得也好。辨析：both 與allboth 表示“兩者都”。 His parents are both teachers. 他的父母都是老師。all 表示“三者或三者以上都”。 Three students are flying kites; they are a

19、ll in Class 1, Grade 7. 三個學生正在放風箏，他們都在七年級一班。e.g. Which of two T-shirts will you take?Ill take _, one of my brother, the other for myself.A. either B. neither C. all D. both解析：either表示“兩者中的任意一個”，neither表示“兩者都不”，all 表示“三者或三者以上都”，both 表示“兩者都”。由答語中的“一件給我弟弟，另一件給我”可知兩件都要，故選D。8. Im quieter and more serious

20、 than most kids. 我比大多數(shù)的孩子更文靜更穩(wěn)重。(1) serious 形容詞，意為“嚴肅的；穩(wěn)重的”。My math teacher is very serious in class. 我的數(shù)學老師在課堂上很嚴肅?！就卣埂?nothing serious 意為“沒有什么嚴重的”。There is nothing serious with your illness. 你的病沒有什么大不了的。 be serious about 意為“對認真”。Is she serious about giving up her job? 她說要辭職是認真的嗎？(2) kid 可數(shù)名詞，意為“小孩

21、；年輕人”，與child 同義。All the kids are playing games. 所有的孩子都在玩游戲?！就卣埂縦id 作動詞，意為“欺騙；哄騙”，現(xiàn)在分詞為kidding，過去式為kidded。You are kidding me. 你在騙我。9. Thats why I like reading books and study harder in class. 那就是我在課堂上喜歡讀書，學習更刻苦的原因。Thats why 意為“那就是的原因”，why 引導的句子作表語，是表語從句。Thats why I dont want to leave here. 那就是我不想離開這里

22、的原因。I got up late, thats why I missed the bus. 我起床晚了，那就是我沒趕上公共汽車的原因。10. Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 我很靦腆，因此對我來說交朋友不是很容易。Its +形容詞+for sb. to do sth. 是固定結構，意為“做某事對某人來說是的”。it 是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式短語。句中的形容詞為描述事物特征的詞，如difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, necessary, possible等時，后面

23、的介詞用for。Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. 每天吃大量的蔬菜對我們來說是很重要的。Its dangerous for a child to stay at home alone. 對于一個孩子來說，自己一個人待在家里是很危險的?！就卣埂慨敶司湫椭械男稳菰~為描述人物品質及性格特征的詞，如clever, foolish, kind, good, nice, polite, silly等時，后面的介詞用of。Its very nice of you to lend an umbrella to me.

24、 你把雨傘借給我，真是太好了。e.g. Its dangerous _ with the wild animal. A. for us to play B. of us playing C. for us playing D. of us to play11. you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 你不需要很多，只要它們好就行。as long as 意為“只要；既然”，用法如下：(1) 意為“只要”，引導條件狀語從句，主句為一般將來時或含有情態(tài)動詞can時，所引導的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。You can leave h

25、ere as long as you tell the truth. 只要你說出真相，就可以離開這里。You will get good grades as long as you work hard. 只要你努力學習，就會取得好成績。(2) 意為“既然”，引導原因狀語從句。As long as you want to stay at home, lets play chess at home. 既然你想待在家里，那就讓我們在家下棋吧。12. Its not necessary to be the same. （和朋友）一樣是沒有必要的。necessary 形容詞，意為“必需的；必要的”，比較

26、級形式為more necessary。Sleep is necessary for health. 睡眠是健康所必需的。It is necessary for you to be more careful. =It is necessary that you should be more careful. 你必須更細心。13. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里與我很不一樣。be different from 意為“與不同”，反義短語為be the same as，意為“與一樣”。He is quite diffe

27、rent _ his father. 他與他爸爸很不一樣。Her skirt is the same _ mine. 她的裙子和我的一樣。14. Larry is much less hard-working, though. 不過，拉里學習不太勤奮。less 在這里是副詞little的比較級，用法如下：(1) 用于形容詞或副詞之前，意為“不如；不及”，常見結構為“l(fā)ess+形容詞/副詞+than”，相當于“not as/soas”。Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two. 第一課不如第二課有趣。Tom is less outgoing t

28、han Jim. 湯姆不如吉姆外向。(2) less修飾動詞，意為“更少”。Eat less, drink less and sleep more. 少吃，少喝，多睡覺。【拓展】less還是形容詞little的比較級，意為“較少的；更少的”。You should try to eat less meat. 你應該盡量少吃肉。15. I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. 我真的不介意我的朋友是否與我一樣或是不同。if 作連詞，意為“是否”，引導賓語從句，常用于ask, know, wonder, fin

29、d out 等動詞（短語）之后。I dont know if he is at home. 我不知道他是否在家。He asks me if I like music. 他問我是否喜歡音樂。【拓展】if 意為“如果”，引導條件狀語從句，表示真實的條件。如果主句中含有can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞或時態(tài)為一般將來時，if 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。I wont go there with you if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我將不和你們一起去那里。If you have some problems in learning English, you can ask

30、 your teacher for help. 如果你在學習英語上有問題，你可以向老師尋求幫助。16. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友是一個可以援手幫助并感動你心扉的人。(1) reach for sth. 意為“伸手取某物”，reach 在這里是不及物動詞，意為“伸手”。He reaches for the box, but he is too short. 他伸手取這個盒子，但是他矮了?！就卣埂縭each 作及物動詞，意為“到達；抵達”When will you reach Beijing?

31、 你們將什么時候到達北京？辨析：reach, get to 與arrive 都表示“到達某地”reach 及物動詞，后面直接接賓語。 They reached Hangzhou yesterday. 他們昨天到達了杭州。get to 后接地點名詞，如果接here，there或home等地點副詞，to 必須省略。 How did you get to the station? 你們是怎么到達車站的？arrive 不及物動詞，后接地點名詞是必須加介詞at或in。大地點如國家、城市等用in，小地點如學校、商店等用at。接here，there或home等地點副詞時不用介詞。I arrived at t

32、he company three hours ago. 我在三小時前到達了公司。(2) touch 及物動詞，意為“觸摸；感動”。The sad story touched us. 這個悲慘的故事讓我們感動。He touched his sons head lightly. 他輕輕地摸了摸他兒子的頭。(3) heart 可數(shù)名詞，意為“內心；心臟”。She has a kind heart. 她心地善良。There is something wrong with his heart. 他的心臟有問題?！就卣埂?put ones heart into sth. 用全部精力做某事Nothing i

33、s difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無難事，只怕有心人。 take heart 鼓起勇氣，振作起來Take heart and go on trying！ 鼓起勇氣，再試試吧！17. Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids in my class. 我與杰夫不同，因為在班里我比其他的孩子聲音更響亮。the other kids 意為“其他的孩子”，相當于any other kid.。辨析：the other, the others, other, others

34、與another。the other 表示“特指兩個或兩個部分中的另一個”，可接單數(shù)名詞或復數(shù)名詞。表示兩個中的“一個另一個”時，常用結構為onethe other。the others 特指某一范圍內的“其他的（人或物）”，是the other的復數(shù)形式。相當于the other+復數(shù)名詞。other 作代詞或形容詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或復數(shù)。others 作代詞，泛指“其他的人或物”。another 泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。He has two brothers; one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.

35、 他有兩個哥哥，一個是教師，另一個是醫(yī)生。There are forty students in our class, twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys. 我們班有40個學生，21個女生，其余19個是男生。You two stay here, the others go with me. 你們兩個留在這里，其余的人跟我走。We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects. 我們學習語文、數(shù)學、英語和其他科目。Some students are doing homework, o

36、thers are talking loudly. 一些學生在做作業(yè)，其他的在大聲說話。I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個，請讓我看看另一個。e.g. Whats on _ side of the hill, mum?A big lake. A. other B. others C. another D. the other解析：other及another表示泛指；others 意為“另一些”，后面不能接名詞；the other 意為“另一”，表示兩者中的另一個，后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。句意：媽媽，山的另一面是什么？答案：D。

37、練習（二）I. 用所給詞的正確形式填空1. My English teacher is as _ (serious) as my mother.2. Its _ (danger) to climb the tree.3. My pencil-case is much bigger than _ (she).4. Both of _ (they) had a good time at the party.5. My sister is good at _ (play) the piano.6. He is helpful. He thinks _ (little) of himself than

38、 of others.II. 單項選擇1. Children all over the world are the same _ many ways.A. on B. by C. in D. at2. What do you think Tara is like? She used to be quiet, but she is quite _ now.A. clever B. serious C. outgoing D. athletic3. My brother and I look different _we are twins.A. unless B. as C. though D.

39、because4. She lives with her uncle in the countryside because _ of her parents work in the city.A. both B. either C. neither D. each5. Both he and I _ good at playing ping-pong.A. be B. is C. are D. am6. The twin brothers_ students.A. are both B. both are C. are all D. all are7. Guo Ying isnt _ her

40、sister.A. as calmer as B. so calmer as C. as calm as D. as calm than8. You speak English as well as Tom_.A. is B. speak C. does D. do四課后作業(yè)I. 單項選擇 1. My friend is very . A. smarterB. smartC. more smarterD. more smart2. He is more interested in English than his brother. A. littleB. a lotC. moreD. very

41、3. My parents quite athletic. A. both areB. are bothC. are allD. all are4. I like making friends, I am a little quiet. A. but B. although C. so D. however5. Tom is quieter than Jim, _?A. is he B. does he C. isnt he D. doesnt he6. Is your brother good at _basketball?Yes, he is.A. to playB. plays C. p

42、layed D. playing7. This book is _ as that one.A. same B. different C. the same D. difference8.We all like Tina，so she is very _ in schoolA. pretty B. beautiful C. funny D. popular9. Mary likes to have friends who are different _her.A. at B. of C. from D. for10. Sandy is _ at playing soccer than Simo

43、n.A. better B. good C. well D. bestII. 用單詞的適當形式填空 1. Who is _ (heavy), Wang Lin or Lin Tao?2. Mr. Green is _ (serious) than Mr. Brown.3. The sun is _ (big) than the earth.4. Unit 4 is _ (difficult) than Unit 5.5. My mother is _ (young) than your mother is.6. Bob enjoys _ (tell) jokes.7. It is very necessary for us _ (read) English in the morning.8. He can hardly make the baby _ (stop) crying.