新概念英語(yǔ)2冊(cè)4課Lesson4干貨分享

1、新概念英語(yǔ)2冊(cè)4課lesson4(干貨分享)2i.key words exciting, receive, firm, differentii.key structures the present perfect simple現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) key points 3revision 寄，送明信片損壞博物館公共的友好的服務(wù)員借給決定整個(gè)的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingle4 postcards always _ my holidays. last summer, i w

2、ent to _. i postcards always _ my holidays. last summer, i went to _. i _ museums and sat in _ gardens. a _ waiter taught me a few _ museums and sat in _ gardens. a _ waiter taught me a few words of _. then he _ me a book. i read a _ lines, but i words of _. then he _ me a book. i read a _ lines, bu

3、t i did not _ a word. every day i _ _ my postcards. my did not _ a word. every day i _ _ my postcards. my holidays passed _, but i did not _ cards to my friends. _ holidays passed _, but i did not _ cards to my friends. _ the last day i _ a big _. i got up _ and _ thirty-the last day i _ a big _. i

4、got up _ and _ thirty-seven cards. i _ the _ day in my room, _ i did not write seven cards. i _ the _ day in my room, _ i did not write a _ card!a _ card!spoilitalyvisitedpublicfriendlyitalianlentfewunderstandthoughtaboutquicklysendonmadedecisionearlyboughtspentwholebutsinglerevision 5new wordsexcit

5、ingadj. 令人興奮的（修飾事物）excited 感到興奮的（修飾人）-ed自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed-ing令人感到interesting,boring,relaxinge.g. i am interested in this book. this is an interesting book.6v.接受，收到（客觀的收到）e.g. receive a letter (from sb.)this morning i receive a bunch of flowers.同義 accept同意，接受（主觀）e.g. this morning i rece

6、ived a bunch of flowers but i didnt accept it.receivetake接受，收到e.g. take the exam, take advicenew words7new wordsfirmn.商行，公司 law firm法律公司company公司 differentadj.不同的 same相同的adv.differently, n. differencee.g. be different from differences between a&b8new wordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj. central中央的，中

7、心的e.g.in the centre (of spl), central park, the city centreabroadadv. 在國(guó)外e.g. go abroad, study abroad live abroad, be abroad9q: what can you see in the picture?q: what can you see in the picture? lead inq: what happened to the man?q: what happened to the man? can you guess?can you guess?101. how lon

8、g has tim been in australia?listen and answer the question.listen and answer the question.new lessontim has been in australia for six months.2. what does he do in australia?he is working for a big firm as an engineer.3. why is tim finding the trip exciting?because tim has never been abroad before. t

9、his is his first trip abroad.11new lesson an exciting trip an exciting tripi have just received a letter from my brother, tim. he is in australia. he has been there for six months. tim is an engineer. he is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in austr

10、alia. he has just bought an australian car and has gone to alice springs, a small town in the centre of australia. he will soon visit darwin. from there, he will fly to perth. my brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.12language points1. i have just received a

11、 letter from my brother.收到某人來(lái)信2.he is working for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任職,還可以用work at/ine.g.my father works for a business company.133. he has already visited a great number of different places in australia. a number of+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，number前一般可用large, grea

12、t, small等形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量大小。a great many of + 可數(shù)名詞a great amount of + 不可數(shù)名詞14language points4. he has just bought an australian car and has gone to alice springs.he has gone to the south.(還在)he has been to the south.(去過(guò))5. he is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.覺得怎么樣e.g.i find the film disppointing

13、. do you find the book very interesting?15summary writinganswer these questions in not more than 50 words.answer these questions in not more than 50 words.what has the writer just received from his brother?2. is tim an engineer, or is he a doctor?3. how long has he been in australia?4. has he alread

14、y visited many places or not?5. where is he now?6. has tim ever been abroad before or not?7. is he enjoying his trip very much or not?16summary writing the writer has just received a letter from his brother, tim. tim is an engineer. he has been in australia for six months. he has already visited man

15、y places. now he is in alice springs. tim has never been abroad before. he is enjoying his trip very much.17現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)winter winter has already come.has already come.grammargrammar18現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式 havehave done done has has助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分過(guò)去分詞詞grammargrammar19用來(lái)表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系用來(lái)表示之前已經(jīng)

16、發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系: : 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去, ,但它的但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在影響現(xiàn)在還存在。 they have left.they have left. - -他們已經(jīng)離開了他們已經(jīng)離開了, ,也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里 i have had my lunch.i have had my lunch. - -我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了, ,也就是說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在不餓也就是說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在不餓現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義也可表示也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 he has learned engli

17、sh since 2001.he has learned english since 2001. - -從從20012001年開始學(xué)的年開始學(xué)的, ,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢20nownowpastpastfuturfuture e一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/ /狀態(tài)狀態(tài), ,或者發(fā)生在或者發(fā)生在過(guò)去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響過(guò)去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響grammargrammar21 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較現(xiàn)在完

18、成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較 1 1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。i saw this film yesterday.i saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）i have seen this film. i have seen this film. ( (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)

19、在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）222 2一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用; ;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): : yesterday, last weekyesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in october, just ago, in1990, in october, just now, - now, - 具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): : for, since

20、, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時(shí)，

21、不能使）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)錯(cuò)tom has written a letter to his parents last night.tom has written a letter to his parents last night.對(duì)對(duì)tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.grammargrammar233 3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài), ,動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞

22、一般是延續(xù)性的, ,如如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get marriedget married等。等。she joined the league three years ago.she joined the league three years

23、ago.( (加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的) )she has been in the league for three years (since three years ago).(she has been in the league for three years (since three years ago).(在團(tuán)在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) )she has been a league member for three years (since three years ago).(she has been a league member for three year

24、s (since three years ago).(是是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)) )grammargrammar24延續(xù)動(dòng)詞表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷；延續(xù)動(dòng)詞表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷；瞬間動(dòng)詞表示行為的結(jié)果瞬間動(dòng)詞表示行為的結(jié)果, ,不能與表示一段不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。比較延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與瞬間動(dòng)詞比較延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與瞬間動(dòng)詞 he has finished the work.he has finished the work.他已完成了那項(xiàng)工作。他已完成了那項(xiàng)工作。 ( (表結(jié)果表結(jié)果) )ive known him since then.ive known him since then.我

25、從那時(shí)起就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。我從那時(shí)起就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。( (表經(jīng)歷表經(jīng)歷) )grammargrammar25since since 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間 “ “自從自從”forfor用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度 “ “長(zhǎng)達(dá)長(zhǎng)達(dá)”i have lived here for more than twenty years.i have lived here for more than twenty years.i have lived here since i was born.i have lived here since i was born.my aunt has

26、 worked in a company since 1949.my aunt has worked in a company since 1949. i have not heard from my uncle for a long time.i have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比較比較sincesince和和forfor并非有并非有for for 作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)i worked here for more than twenty years. i worked here for mo

27、re than twenty years. ( (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。) )i have worked here for many years.i have worked here for many years. ( (現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作?，F(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。) )grammargrammar26he has gone to shanghai.he has gone to shanghai.他他( (已經(jīng)已經(jīng)) )去上海了。去上海了。he has been to shanghai.he has been to shanghai.他他( (曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)) ) 去過(guò)上海。去過(guò)上

28、海。比較比較 have/has been to , have/has gone tohave/has been to , have/has gone togrammargrammar27he died 10 years ago. he died 10 years ago. - he _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 - he _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.years ago.2. he borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. 2. he borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.

29、 - he _ _ the book for 2 weeks. - he _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. he bought the motorbike a month ago. 3. he bought the motorbike a month ago. -he _ _ the motorbike for a month. -he _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. he arrived here three days ago. 4. he arrived here three days ago. - he _ _ here since

30、 three days ago. - he _ _ here since three days ago.5. they turned off the light 2 hours ago. 5. they turned off the light 2 hours ago. - the light _ _ _ for 2 hours. - the light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. he left here 2 years ago. 6. he left here 2 years ago. - he _ _ _ from here for 2 years. - he _ _ _

31、from here for 2 years.7. the film began 30 minutes ago. 7. the film began 30 minutes ago. - the film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. - the film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. they opened the door an hour ago. 8. they opened the door an hour ago. - the door _ _ _ for an hour. - the door _ _ _ for an hour.9. they closed the door an hour ago. 9. they closed the door an hour ago. - the door _ _ _ for an hour. - the door _ _ _ for an hour.10. he joined the army last year. 10. he joined the army last year. - he _ _ a _ for a year. - he _ _ a _ for a year. - he _ _ _