形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

1、 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 英語中的形容詞通常用三種形式來表達(dá)事物的等級(jí)差別，分別是原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。大部分形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是通過變化詞尾來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變化。 英語中有些形容詞說明形狀、材質(zhì)等，還有形容詞沒有程度可分或其本身就表示某種程度，故而沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。常見的有：right 正確的 wrong 錯(cuò)誤的 excellent 最好的 final 最后的last 最后的 possible 可能的 first 第一的 east 東方的empty 空的 wooden 木制的 impossible 不可能的 favourite 最喜歡的round 圓的 gol

2、den 金色的 square 方的1、 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1. 規(guī)則變化（1） 單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞變化規(guī)則如下： 1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er（比較級(jí)），-est（最高級(jí)） 【例】 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）單音節(jié)如以e結(jié)尾，只加-r（比較級(jí)），-st（最高級(jí)） 【例】 fine finer finest nice nicer nicest wide wider widest 3）以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，須先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-er（

3、比較級(jí)），-est（最高級(jí)） 【例】 big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatter fattest 4）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，將y變?yōu)閕， 加-er（比較級(jí)），-est（最高級(jí)） 【例】 happy happier happiest easy easier easiest heavy heavier heaviest funny funnier funniest 5） 以-er，ow，-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er（比較級(jí)），-est（最高級(jí)） 【例】 clever cleverer cleverest narrow nar

4、rower narrowest able abler ablest (2)其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more（比較級(jí)），most（最高級(jí)）【例】tired more tired most tired interesting more interesting most interesting difficult more difficult most difficult(注意：A：有詞根加ly構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加more（比較級(jí)），most（最高級(jí)）如friendly-friend+ly構(gòu)成, friendly more friendly most friendly； B：以形容前綴un構(gòu)

5、成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest,untidy-untidier-untidiest ) 2.不規(guī)則變化形容詞的不規(guī)則變化如下： 原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/well betterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther更遠(yuǎn)的（只指距離) further 更遠(yuǎn)的（指距離）；更深入的（指程度）farthest;furthestoldolder 較老的，較舊的；長輩的(指年齡、新舊、血緣）；elder長輩的（只指血緣）oldest;eldest 2

6、、 比較級(jí)的用法（1） 高于或低于另一方的比較運(yùn)用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一方超過或低于另一方的情況。即 ： 物體A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物體B. She is more beautiful than my sister. 她比我的姐姐漂亮。 This bottle is bigger than that one. 這瓶子比那瓶子大。(2)比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長，意為“越來越.”。 She is becoming fatter and fatter. 她變得越來越胖。 It is getting warmer

7、 and warmer. 天氣變得越來越暖和。三、最高級(jí)的用法1. 表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高最高級(jí)是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比較形式。此時(shí)應(yīng)運(yùn)用形容詞的最高級(jí)，其句式為：the+形容詞最高級(jí)+（名詞）+表示范圍的短語或從句,即：物體A + am / are / is + the + 形最高級(jí) + （名詞）+比較范圍（of + 人/物，in +地方）Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school. 露西是她學(xué)校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinnest of the three boys. 吉姆是這三個(gè)男孩中最瘦的。2. “最.”

8、的其他表達(dá)方法。（1） 運(yùn)用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的概念。 Ann is taller than any other girl in her class. Ann is taller than the other girls in her class. Ann is taller than the rest of girls in her class. 以上三句表達(dá)的意思等同于最高級(jí)的含義：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class. 安是她們班上最高的女生。四、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語1. 比較級(jí)的修飾語 修飾比較級(jí)的常用語和短語主要有： much(.得

9、多）,a lot（.得多）, a little（.一點(diǎn)）, a bit（.一點(diǎn)）, twice（.兩倍）, five times（.五倍）等。 Do you feel much better today than yesterday? 你今天感覺比昨天好很多了嗎？2. 最高級(jí)的修飾語常用的最高級(jí)的修飾語有序數(shù)詞the first，the second等以及almost(差不多，幾乎）, nearly（差不多，幾乎）。Africa is the second largest continent. 非洲是第二大洲。Amys writing is almost the best of all the

10、 students. 在所有學(xué)生中，艾米的書寫幾乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情況1. 使用比較級(jí)時(shí)常見的錯(cuò)誤（1） more 不可修飾比較級(jí)，但是much可以用來加強(qiáng)比較級(jí)，意為“.的多”、“更.”。She looks more younger than I. (×)She looks much younger than I. ()(2) 比較的對(duì)象或范圍出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing. (×)(比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該是北京的天氣，而不是北京）The weather of Shanghai is hotter t

11、han that of Beijing. ()上海的天氣比北京的熱。China is larger than any country in Asia. (×) (出現(xiàn)了邏輯上的錯(cuò)誤，中國就是亞洲的一個(gè)國家，應(yīng)當(dāng)排除在外)China is larger than any other country in Asia. () 中國比亞洲別的國家要大。2.形容詞最高級(jí)前通常要加定冠詞the,而以下幾種情況一般不需要加定冠詞the:（1）形容詞最高級(jí)前有序數(shù)詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格等限定詞修飾時(shí),最高級(jí)前不用the。如:The Yellow River is the second l

12、ongest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。（2）形容詞最高級(jí)在句中作表語而比較范圍又不明確時(shí),最高級(jí)前不用the。如:They are happiest on Saturdays.他們?cè)谛瞧诹羁鞓?。?）如果兩個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)并列修飾同一個(gè)名詞時(shí),第二個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)前不加the。如:He is the youngest and tallest boy in his class.他是班上年齡最小、個(gè)子最高的男孩。 練習(xí)形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)(一）一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞1. hot      2.new_  3. clean_

13、 4. high_   5. heavy_   6.cold_   7. bad_二、 寫出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1. old _  _    2. busy _  _ 3. thin _  _4. many _  _ 5. slow _ _ 6. delicious _ _三、用適當(dāng)形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred.   &#

14、160;                      2. Yingtian is not as _  (tall) asYongxian.                   &#

15、160;                        3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before . 4. Which is _  (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 

16、             5.- How  _ (tall) is Sally?               -  She' s 1.55 metres  _  (tall). What  about Xiaoling?    &#

17、160;                            - She' s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short)girl in the class.  

18、                                        6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Ch

19、inese and he is the   _ (bad) at English.                        7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.        &

20、#160;     8.He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive)  than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11.Miss Chen is _ _than Mr. Wang. (popular) 12. Mr. L

21、in _ _ _ Mr. Brown. (sad) 13. The basketball _ _ _ the baseball. (big) 14. Question A _ _ _ _ Question B. (important)15. A rose _ _ _ _ a weed(野草). (beautiful)16. Toronto is _ _ city in Canada. (large)17. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).18. The Nile(尼羅河)

22、is _ _river in the world. (long)19. Good health is _ _ _thing life. (important)20. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 is _ _ _of all the tests. （difficult）22. He is _than any other boy in the class.（clever）23. She is_ than all the other students. (young)24. The window i

23、s _ _ of the two. (narrow)25. Where is the _bus-stop? (near) 26. He is one of _ _ _Politicians. (famous)27. Tom drives much _ _than John. (careful)28. The white flower is _(beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _ (beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _ _ of the three.四、 選擇題 

24、1. She is _ than _ .    A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we 2. Jane is _ than Betty.    A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall 3. China is _ country in the world.    A. the third largest B. the l

25、argest third C. the third large D. a third largest 4. -Which is _ season in Beijing?-I think it's autumn.A.good            B.better           C.best      &#

26、160;        D.the best5- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.A.small          B.smaller           C.smallest     

27、      D.the smallest6.The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. clean        B. cleaner         C. cleanest           

28、0; D. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap      B. cheaper        C. cheapest             D. the cheapest8I study English as_as my

29、brother.A.hard   B. harder  C. hardest9. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A.  expensive  B.more expensive  C.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of _rivers in China.   A   long  B longer  C the longest11.She is the second _stu

30、dent in our class.   A. tall    B. taller    C. talles形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（二） 一、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Tom can jump _(high). He jumps _(high) than the other boys inhis class. 2. Janet sing _(well) in her class. She can sing _(well) than her music teacher, too. 3. My father i

31、s _(handsome). But my brother is _(handsome) than him. He is _(handsome) in my family. 4. I have _(many) books in my class. But my teacher has _(many) books than _(I). 5._(they) house is much _(old) than _(we). 6. _(she) dances _(well) than _(he). 7. _(he) house are _(small) of the four. 8. Does _(s

32、he) mother get up _(early) than _(you)? 9. Which eats _(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse? 10. Are _(we) going to play football with _(they)? 二 寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式： long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ far_ _ happy_ _ unhappy_ _三.用所給詞的正確形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _

33、 (clever). 2. Gold(黃金) is _ (little) useful than iron(鐵). 3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so

34、 _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive) 四.選擇填空： 1 He feels _ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tirede

35、r D. much tired 2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 4. The line is _ than that one. A. more longer B. not longer C.

36、 much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times 6. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very o

37、lder C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 9. They competed（比賽） to see who could work _. A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest and bett

38、er D. faster and better 10._ hurry, _speed. A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little 五.翻譯句子： 1本書跟那本書一樣有趣。 This book is _ _ _ that one. 2 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。 You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。 It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 4 對(duì)這個(gè)故事我比另一個(gè)喜歡的多。 This story is _ _

39、_ than that one. 5 他比我大兩歲。 He is _ _ _ than I. 6 這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。 This story is _ _ _ than that one. 7 她的身體狀況一天天好起來。 He is getting _ _ _ every day. 8.他對(duì)英語越來越感興趣。 He is becoming _ _ _ _ _ English. 9.他吃的越多，人越胖。 The more he eats, the _ he gets. 10.你的問題是兩個(gè)中比較難的那個(gè)Your question is _ _ _of two. 六、用適當(dāng)形式填空： 1. Bo

40、b is _ ( young ) than Fred, but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Alice is not as _ (tall) as Mike. 3. Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays. 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She' s only 1.

41、40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the

42、 class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book. 10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple,but much _ (small) than a watermelon. 11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China. 12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister. 13. My room is not as _ (big) as

43、 my brother' s. 14. -How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. - Is it _ (difficult) than maths?- I don' t think so. 15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well). 16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week. 17. Her mother is

44、 getting _(fat) and _ (fat). 18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _ (cheap) one. 19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is _(wide)and _(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 23. The _ (much), the _ (good). 24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在) English is _( important ) than any other subject, I think. 25. Most of the students think a