牛津高中英語模塊五單元1-3語言點

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx牛津高中英語模塊五單元1-3語言點【精品文檔】牛津高中英語模塊五語言點 Unit 1 Getting along with others一、Reading1. betray: vt. 背叛，出賣，泄露 betray sth to sb: 向某人出賣泄露betray oneself: 露出原形betrayal: bitrel n. 背叛 He would rather die than betray the document to the enemy. She said she was sorry, but her eyes betrayed her secret d

2、elight. 她說她很難過，但她的眼神里卻露出她內(nèi)心的喜悅。 an act of betrayal: 背叛的行為2. (Page 2, Lines 8-9) I must have soundedquiz, saying how easy it was. must have done: 一定做過 “saying how easy it was”為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。3. fail sth: 未能通過fail to do sth: 未能做 I failed my driving test the first time I took it. He never fails to writ

3、e to his mother every week. 4. pretend sth: 假裝，扮作pretend to do sth: 假裝做 pretend that: 假裝 He pretended illness as an excuse. Tom pretended to be reading a book when the teacher came in. She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.5. admit (admitted；admitting): vt. (1) 承認 admit (doing

4、) sth: 承認做admit that: 承認 admit sb to be + n / adj: 承認某人是 He admitted having stolen that car. / He admitted that he had stolen the car. We all admit him to be a fool. (2) 允許進入，接受,錄取 admit sb to / into sth: 允許進入 Each ticket admits two people to the party. Tom has been admitted into Peking University.6

5、. beg (sb) to do sth: 懇請（某人）做 beg (sb) for sth: 懇請（某人）beg (for) sth: 乞討 I beg you not take any risks. He begged her for forgiveness. John was so poor that he had to beg money from passers-by.7. keep ones secret: 保守秘密keep ones word / promise: 遵守諾言break ones word / promise: 違背諾言8. (Page 2, Line 18) pa

6、per that said say: vt. 寫到，表明；顯示 read: vt. 寫著；指示，顯示 The clock said it was 7: 30. I noticed a sign reading / saying “ No Parking!”.9. swear (swore, sworn): vt. & vi. (1) 發(fā)誓，宣誓 swear to do sth: 發(fā)誓做 swear that: 發(fā)誓 Mona swore never to return to home. Victor swore that he would get his revenge(復仇). (2

7、) 咒罵，詛咒 swear at sb: 咒罵Rich(里奇) tripped over a dog and swore at it.10. spy on sth: 監(jiān)視窺探 These days I have been spying on the enemys movements.11. focus: vt. & vi. 集中注意力于；(使)聚焦 n. 焦點，重點 focus sth on sth: 集中于 focus on sth: 集中注意 The recent wave of bombing has focused public attention on the area. I

8、 was so tired to focus on anything. The focus of the conference is on environmental issues.12. manner: n. 方式；舉止，態(tài)度C manners: n. (1) 禮貌，禮儀 (2) 風俗，習慣 in this manner: 用這種方式table manners: 餐桌禮儀Its good / bad manners to do sth: 做有無禮貌 He objected in a forceful manner. 他堅決反對。 Its bad manners to talk with yo

9、ur mouth full. 滿嘴都是食物說話不禮貌。13. guilty: adj. 內(nèi)疚的，有罪的be / feel guilty about (doing) sth: 因為而內(nèi)疚be guilty of sth: 犯罪 I feel guilty about not visiting him often. He was found guilty. 他被判有罪。 The boys were guilty of theft. 這些男孩犯盜竊罪。14. remark: n. & v. 談論，評論，談到 make a remark about sb: 議論make no remark:

10、不加評論remark on sth: 談論remark that: 談到，說起 She could hear others were making rude remarks about her. I couldnt help remarking on her youth. 我脫口而出說她那么年輕。 The boys were guilty of theft. 這些男孩犯盜竊罪。 Critics remarked that the play was not original. 評論家指出該劇缺乏創(chuàng)意。15.argue with sb about / over sth: 因為與某人爭吵 argue

11、 that: 認為argue sb into / out of doing sth: 說服某人（不）做argument: n. 爭論；爭吵；爭議；論點；論據(jù) We are arguing with each other over the holiday expenses. He argued that more importance should be attached to the reform of the criminals. They argued him into withdrawing his complaint. 他們說服他撤回了投訴。因為向某人道歉16. apologize t

12、o sb for sth: make an apology to sb for sth: We apologize for the late departure of this flight.17. be sensitive to sb: (1) 對體貼 (2) 對敏感 She has been sensitive to his husband since they got married. A writer mustnt be too sensitive to criticism. 作家不可對批評意見反映過激。18. blame: vt. 責備，指責 n. 責任，責備，指責Ublame sb

13、 for (doing) sth: 因為責備某人 blame sth on sb: 把歸咎于sb be to blame for sth: 某人因為應受責備take the blame: 承擔責任 A bad workman blames his tools. 拙匠埋怨工具差。 Teachers always blame the students for their rude behaviors. You should not blame your failure on the difficulty of the paper. It is I who am to blame for the m

14、istake. You cant expect Jerry to take all the blame.佳句背誦：1. Not until then did I realize the value of friends.2. I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand to solve this problem.3. Being polite is the most important step to develop relationship among friends.4. What I want to stress is that each

15、 of us should obey the traffic rules.典型句式：1. “When+分詞” 省略結構When asked, they usually hesitate before responding2. So 引導的倒裝Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.3. Must have done sth. 表示對過去發(fā)生某事情的肯定推測I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz.二、Project1. the attitude t

16、owards sth: 對于的態(tài)度 What is your attitude towards your schoolwork?2. anchor: v. (1) 扎根于； (2) 拋錨，停船； (3) 固定 n. 錨，支柱 drop / cast anchor: 拋錨be anchored in sth: 扎根于 They brought the boat into the harbor and dropped anchor. 他們把船開進海港下錨停泊。 We anchored the tent with pegs. 我們用樁子固定帳篷。 Literature must be anchore

17、d on our life. Home is his anchor when he is away on business.3. be cautious about sth: 對小心謹慎 cautiousness: n. 小心謹慎U These people are cautious about spending money. 這些人用錢仔細。4. be eager to do sth: 急于做 be eager for sth: 急于渴望 Clara(克萊拉) was eager to tell her side of the story. 克萊拉急于講述她對那件事的看法。 She was

18、eager for success.5. respond: vi. 作出反應；回答 respond to sth / respond that: 對.作出反應；回答 She responded to my letter with a phone call. The doctor responded that he couldnt tell the name of the disease.6. response: n. 反應；回應；答復 in response to sth: 以回應make response to sth: 回應make no response: 不作回答 The laws w

19、ere passed in response to public pressure. He made no response to my question.7. regardless: adv. (1) 不管怎樣；無論如何（用在句末） (2) regardless of sth: 不管，不顧 You get a lot of criticism, but you have to carry on regardless. All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits(價值，優(yōu)點).8. end up: 結果為；以.結束 en

20、d up + 介詞短語adjdoing If you continue to steal, you will end up in prison. 你要是繼續(xù)行竊，終歸得進監(jiān)獄。 If he carries on driving like that, hell end up dead. 他照那樣開車，早晚得丟命。 Because he had made full preparations for the interview, he ended up working in the company.9. be committed to sth / sb: ；忠于 This development a

21、rea is committed to creating a perfect investment environment. 這個開發(fā)區(qū)致力于創(chuàng)造一個完美的投資環(huán)境。 She was strongly committed to her job, a policewoman by eminence. 她非常忠于職守，一個卓越的女警。因為與某人吵架10. quarrel with sb about sth: have a quarrel with sb about sth:We arent going to quarrel with each other about a few dollars.

22、11. in conclusion / to conclude: 總之In conclusion, I'd like to thank you for all you've done for me. 最后，我要感謝你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺小?12. mercy: n. 仁慈，憐憫，寬容at the mercy of sb: 任由擺布憐憫某人show mercy to sb: have mercy on sb: leave sb to the mercy / mercies of sb: 任憑某人受擺布 They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wi

23、nd and weather. The terrorists showed no mercy the refugees(難民). He wont leave the cat to the mercy of the boy.13. get through: vt. 完成；通過；批準通過 get through to sb / sth: 到達；接通的電話 get through a task / an exam. Millions of refugees will die if these supplies dont get through to them. With great efforts,

24、 I finally got through to the manager.14. acquaintance: n. (1) 熟人；泛泛之交C (2) 認識，了解U, C結識 make ones acquaintance: make the acquaintance of sb: of ones acquaintance: 所認識理解的on first acquaintance: 初次相見時 I am delighted to make your acquaintance. a certain lawyer of my acquaintance. Even on first acquainta

25、nce, we could see he wasnt the right type. 初次見面就看出他不是對路子的人。佳句背誦1. As we all know, environmental protection has become one of the current hot topics.2. It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warm.3. The students have formed the habit of picking up the litter that th

26、ey see in the school.典型句式1. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語做結果狀語Other types of waste flow into our water, killing river and sea life.2. 倍數(shù)+what 引導的名詞性從句The worlds population has grown by six times what is was in 1800.3. Its clear thatIts clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.4. Nor

27、 位于句首引導部分倒裝This is not good news for the people who rely on the Yangtze River for water. Nor is it good news for the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.Unit 2 The environment一、Reading1. debate: vt. & n. 辯論，爭論，討論debate sth with sb: 與爭論討論open a debate: 展開討論under debate

28、: 在討論辯論中debater: 辯論者 We opened a heated debate about the bill(議案) with them. The whole question of compensation(賠償) is still under debate.2. floor: 發(fā)言權 open the floor: 自由發(fā)言take the floor: 開始發(fā)言have the floor: 有發(fā)言權 The president then took the floor and answered the journalists questions. The senator(參

29、議員) have no floor in the debate.3. Atimes + what 從句: 幾倍于 The company can produce 10 times what it did last year.4. cut back on sth: 減少，削減 We must cut back on the waste to save the environment.5. have a duty to do sth: 有義務責任做be on duty / off duty: 值班下班 Local councilors have a duty to serve the commun

30、ity. 地方議員有義務為社區(qū)服務。6. be greedy for sth: 貪圖 As we know, the corrupt officials are always greedy for money and fame.7. credit: n. (1) 贊揚，認可 (2) 信用 (3) 學分C (4) 存款U；借款C creditable: kreditbl adj. 值得贊揚的，可信的 a creditable attemptgive sb credit to sb: 贊揚認可be in credit: 有存款 You should give him some credit for

31、 all the efforts he has put in. There are no bank charges if you stay in debt. The drama course should give me enough credits to finish my degree.8. a large quantity of + nU, C: 許多的 （作主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)該結構中的名詞形式變化） Large quantities of + nU, C: 許多的（作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式） A large quantity of money has been spent on th

32、e research. A large quantity of books were donated to these children. Large quantities of time / cars were wasted.9. ask around: 四處打聽 I will ask around and see if anyone can help.10. pump: vt. (1) 用泵輸送； (2) 給打氣； (3) 傾注，灌注（into）vi. 涌出；涌流 n. 泵，抽水機，打氣筒 pump sth + 介詞 + n The heart pumps blood around the

33、 body. Pump air into a tyre. He pumped plenty of funds into the new project. 他向新工程傾注了大量的資金。 Blood was pumping out of his belly like a fountain. 血像噴泉似的從他腹部涌出。11. sth run out: 用光run out of sth: 用光use sth up: 用光 Lets hurry, our time is running out. We have ran out of what we had at hand.12. responsibil

34、ity: n. (1) 責任U (2) 義務C take responsibility for sth: 對負責have a responsibility to do sth: 有義務做 He took full responsibility for organizing such an activity. Everyone has a responsibility to try out more methods in his study.二、Grammar1. 動詞 + it + when / if 從句： enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer，apprec

35、iate等動詞后接if從句或when從句，通常應先在動詞后接it作形式賓語。It指代if從句或when從句所敘述的內(nèi)容。例如： She wont like it if you arrive late. 她不喜歡你遲到。 He hates it when people use his bike. 他討厭別人用他的自行車。 I dislike it when you whistle. 我不愛聽你吹口哨。 I prefer it if I didnt have do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，那就太好了。 I would appreciate it very much if

36、 you would help me with it. 如果你能幫助我做這事，我會十分感激。2. impress: vt. (1) 使印象深刻，打動impress sb with sth: 用打動某人給某人留下印象be impressed by / with sth: 因為被打動而留下印象 He impressed her with his sincerity(真誠). I was deeply impressed by his story.(2) 使銘記，銘刻impress sth on sb / impress on sb sth: 使某人銘記；銘刻在上 The manager impre

37、ssed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records. 經(jīng)理讓辦公室職員銘記做精確記錄的重要性。 His words impress themselves on my memory. 他的話銘刻在我的記憶里。3. impression: n. 印象，感想first impression: 第一印象make an impression on sb: 給留下印象be under the impression that: 原以為，誤認為 First impression can be deceptive(騙人的). I

38、t was their determination that made a deep impression on me. I was under the impression that you were coming tomorrow. 我原以為你明天才來。4. conflict: vi. 沖突，抵觸 n. 沖突，矛盾conflict with sth: 與抵觸沖突be in conflict with sth: 與抵觸沖突 Their account(描述) of the event conflicted with ours. Armed conflict is likely to brea

39、k out between the two countries. They dont have religious beliefs(宗教信仰) that would be in conflict with Linas choice.5. opening: n. 開口，孔，洞 開始，開端 the opening of a book / a speech 開張，開業(yè) the opening of the new sports center6. drill: v. 鉆孔，打眼 n. 訓練，練習 drill for oil: 鉆井探油 They are drilling a new tunnel un

40、der the Thames. 他們正在泰晤士河底下鉆一條新隧道。 fire-drill：消防演習 pronunciation drills: 發(fā)音練習7. at a nation level: 從國家方面At the national level, Jamaica's disaster management program is managed by the National Disaster Committee (NDC) and its six sub-committees.8. in flames: 在烈焰中，燃燒著 The whole building went up in

41、flames. 整棟建筑物在大火中燒毀。 The airplanes were shot down in flames. 飛機被擊中起火墜落。佳句背誦1. So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.2. Collecting stamps not only gives me satisfaction, but also helps me relax myself under the great pressure from studies.3. My parents think that playing bask

42、etball takes too much time and energy, which are supposed to be spent on study.典型句式1. while 引導讓步狀語從句While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.2. rather than 平行結構Many developed countries

43、are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it.3. 否定詞+比較級的形式表示最高級Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM)foodHe has never spent a more worrying day.三、Project1. raise concern: 引起關注在國內(nèi)外2. nationally and internationallyat home and abroad The great fire ra

44、ised great concern nationally and internationally.3. range: n. 范圍；一系列；山脈；靶場，射擊場 vi. (1) (在范圍內(nèi)) 變化 (2) 包括 (3) 排列 a range of sth: 一系列.a wide / broad / whole range of sth: 各種各樣的range from sth to sth / range between sth and sth: 在與之間變化in / within range (of sth): 在（的）范圍內(nèi)out of range (of sth): 超出（的）范圍；在（的

45、）范圍以外 We have students from a wide range of background. 我們的學生來自各種不同的背景。 She had different plenty of jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. The great mountain range of the Alps: 雄偉的阿爾卑斯山脈。 a rifle range: 步槍靶場 The cat stayed well out of range of the children.這只貓離孩子們遠遠的。4. put sth in danger: 使

46、危險 Corruption will make the dam in danger when heavy flood occurs.5. in / with regard to sth關于regardingconcerning I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints. She said nothing regarding your request. We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.6. be under way: 進行中 The plan is now w

47、ell under way.7. appreciate: vt. 欣賞；感激；理解 I would appreciate it + if 從句: 如果，我將不勝感激。 appreciation: pri:iein n. 欣賞，感激appreciative: pri:ieitiv adj. 有欣賞力的，感激的 be appreciative of sth: 感激 His ability was fully appreciated by his employer. I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down. To show our

48、 appreciation for your work, wed like to give you a bonus. Im most appreciative of your generosity.8. let off: vt. (1) 寬恕，不懲罰 (2) 放（槍等），使爆炸 They let us off. The boys were letting off fireworks.9. public transport: 公共交通10. (Page 39, Line 20) You should find ways to use them again without throwing the

49、m away. without= instead of 11. absorb: vt. 吸收，理解，使全神貫注 be absorbed in sth: 專心于 Plants absorb nutrients from soil. Clever children absorb knowledge easily. Absorbed in his study, he didnt notice I came in.12. do ones part: 盡的職責 Everyone should do his part to make contributions for his motherland.Uni

50、t 3 Science and nature一、Reading1. (Page 42, Line 3) point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce 當賓語從句是主從復合句，而且從句在前時，that不可以省略；當賓語從句后的主從復合句中的從句在后時，that可以省略。例如： Father promised that if I studied harder he would take me to Beijing. Father promised (that) he take me to Beijing if I studied ha

51、rder.2. be on ones way to doing sth: 就快 He is well on his way to becoming an officer of the company. 他就快當上公司的高官了。3. intention: n. 意圖，目的，打算 with the intention of sth: 懷著的意圖有意做have the intention of doing sth: have the intention to do sth: He went to the library with the intention of finding some valua

52、ble books. We have no intention of deserting the land we have occupied.4. adopt: vt. 領養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng) 采用，采納 adopted: adj. 領養(yǎng)的，過繼的 adoption: n. 領養(yǎng)，收養(yǎng) 采用，采納 Having no children of their own, they decided to adopt an orphan(孤兒). adopted son: 養(yǎng)子 adopt ones advice.5. (Page 42, Line 24) If I had the chance, I would h

53、ave 虛擬條件句：從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If + 主語 + 過去式主語 + would / should / could / might + do與過去事實相反If + 主語 + had done主語 + would / should / could / might + have done與將來事實相反If + 主語 + 過去式If + 主語 + should(萬一) doIf + 主語 + were to do主語 + would / should / could / might + do If I were you, I should tell him the truth. If I h

54、ad money last time, I would / should / could / might have bought a car. If it should rain, the crops would be saved. If he were to leave today, he should get there by Friday.6. push ahead with sth: 努力推進 After careful consideration, they decided to push ahead with the construction of the train station.7. consequence: n. 后果C as a consequence