新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第3冊(cè)u(píng)nit3課件

1、Unit 31. What is the purpose of education?vEducation has for its object the formation of character.v教育的目的在于品德的培養(yǎng)。vAn educational system should be one in which the love of learning, rather than the acquisition of facts, is cultivated. v教育應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)學(xué)生酷愛學(xué)習(xí)，而不僅僅是為了獲取事實(shí)。vIt is wrong to spoon-feed the students.

2、 v對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行填鴨式教育是錯(cuò)誤的。Five PrinciplesOur Five Principles guide the conduct of all the schools activity: Destiny - Each of us is gifted with a unique potential that defines a destiny.Humility - We trust in a power and purpose beyond ourselves.Conscience - We achieve our best through character and conscien

3、ce. Truth - Truth is our primary guide.Brothers Keeper - We help others achieve their best. Related Informationl Attitude more than aptitude l Effort more than ability l Character more than talent 3. Focus of HydeRelated Information The United States has both public schools and private schools. Publ

4、ic schools are government-controlled at the city level, with standards being set partially at the state and federal level. Generally speaking, the city has the most influence on the schools, followed by the state, and finally by the federal government. Funding for public schools comes from all three

5、 levels of government, the primary source being local property taxes paid by homeowners. There is no charge for attending public schools. Related Information4. About Education System Private schools, on the other hand, can be quite expensive to attend. So why do parents send their children to privat

6、e schools? There are several reasons. One is status. Some private schools are highly regarded, and lend prestige to their students and alumni. Another reason is quality of education, although there are some public schools that offer education superior to private schools. A third reason is wishing to

7、 avoid problems associated with a small number of students at certain public schools, including violence and drug use. The other reason is religion. Some parents want their children to attend schools that teach religion as well as academics, which is prohibited by law in the public schools.Related I

8、nformation A final trend to discuss in American education is home schooling. This practice, which has been growing in popularity in recent years, involves teaching children in the home, as the name implies. Home schooling is most popular with religious conservatives, who are concerned their children

9、 might be exposed to things and ideas they would prefer them to avoid.Related InformationWarming-up Tsinghua UniversityPeking UniversityWarming-upHarvard UniversityTruthThe Lord is My LightUniversity of OxfordWarming-upYale University Light and TruthWarming-upKey Words publicity:n. public notice or

10、attention 公眾的注意，名聲seek/avoid publicity 追求/避免公眾注意When the news media and the public show a lot of interest in something, you can say that it is receiving publicity.當(dāng)新聞媒體和公眾對(duì)某事物表現(xiàn)出很大興趣時(shí)，你就可以說這事引起了公眾關(guān)注。publicity: providing information in order to attract public attention; advertising 廣告，宣傳The corporati

11、on has launched a massive publicity campaign to promote its products.公司對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模的廣告宣傳。1. public adj. 公眾的 in public The campaign was designed to increase public awareness of the problem. 這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的在于提高公眾對(duì)這一問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。2. publicize v.宣傳 an advertising campaign to publicize the new train service 為新投入運(yùn)營(yíng)的鐵路路線而開展的

12、宣傳活動(dòng) comprehensive:/kmprihensivkmprihensiv/ a. that includes (nearly) everything綜合的，全面的綜合的，全面的eg: a comprehensive description / report A guide book giving comprehensive information on the prehensible: that can be understood fully能充分理解的能充分理解的comprehend-comprehensioneg: a comprehensive test綜合測(cè)試綜合測(cè)試 a

13、comprehension test理解力測(cè)試?yán)斫饬y(cè)試 suspend:The union suspended strike action this week.The young man has given a suspended sentence. Some rail services were suspended during the strike.v. stop or cause to be not active 暫停，中止 suspend:A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.天花板上吊著一盞燈。天花板上吊著一盞燈。v. hang sth. up

14、 懸掛 suspension bridge吊橋吊橋-suspect ：suspect sb (of sth / doing sth): feel that sb. is guilty of sth. without certain proof. eg: suspect sbs motives Who do the police suspect (of the crime) ? The police are interrogating two suspects. His statements are suspect. strain:She is under a lot of strain at

15、work.她承受著很大的工作壓力。她承受著很大的工作壓力。Mums illness has put a strain on the whole family. 媽媽的病使全家人擔(dān)憂。媽媽的病使全家人擔(dān)憂。n. severe demand on ones mental or physical strength, abilities, etc. （對(duì)精力、體力、能 力的）苛求，壓力 strain:Money problem has strained their relationship.錢的問題使他們關(guān)系緊張。錢的問題使他們關(guān)系緊張。She strained her ankle. 她扭了腳。她扭了

16、腳。strain to hear a conversationstrain to understand what she meant v. put a lot of pressure on sht. 使緊張 v. hurt or weaken a part of the body by stretching too much or trying too hard 扭傷，損傷 V. make the greatest possible effort 竭盡全力 6) admission:n. entering or being allowed to enter 錄取，準(zhǔn)許加入，成為一員A stat

17、ement in which one admits that sth. is true or that one has done sth. wrong. 承認(rèn) admit: v. 承認(rèn) (admit doing sth.)Admittance：permission to enter a buildingNo admittanceEven Journalists were unable to gain admittance to the courtroom.Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.(para17)vfaculty:/f

18、fkltiklti /n.va. the people who teach in a school or a college. eg: The faculty has /have been invited to the meeting.vb. the special ability to do sth. eg: the faculty of hearing /sight.聽力聽力/視力視力vc. one department in a university, college. eg: the Faculty of Law 法律系法律系 the Faculty of Social and Pol

19、itical Sciences. 社會(huì)政治科學(xué)系社會(huì)政治科學(xué)系Comprehension of the text (1) Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld says the conventional education system cannot be reformed. He notes no amount of change with the horse and carriage will produce an automobile. 2The Hyde School assumes every human being has

20、a unique potential that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. Para12a: 在解釋自己的教育方法時(shí)，喬高爾德指出，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的教育體制不能只是改革。他說“無論怎樣改革”，用馬和馬車“是改革不出汽車的”。海德中學(xué)認(rèn)為“每一個(gè)人都有自己的獨(dú)特潛能”，這種潛能的基礎(chǔ)是品格而不是智力或財(cái)富。 Conscience and hard work are valued. Success is measured by growth, not academic achievement. Students are requir

21、ed to take responsibility for each other. To avoid the controversy of other character programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values. 12b: 良知和苦干受到推崇。成功由不斷進(jìn)步來衡量，而不是由學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)來評(píng)定。學(xué)生必

22、須相互負(fù)責(zé)。為了避免美國(guó)中學(xué)使用的其他品格培養(yǎng)方案所引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議，高爾德解釋說，“全力以赴”這一概念并不是要強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生接受某一套道德原則或宗教觀念。 The Hyde curriculum is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college, complete with English, history, math and science. But all students are required to take performing arts and sports, and provide a comm

23、unity service. For each course, students get a grade for academic achievement and for best effort. At Bath, 97% of the graduates attend four-year colleges. Para13: 海德中學(xué)的課程與那些為升入大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校所開設(shè)的課程相似，包括英語(yǔ)、歷史、數(shù)學(xué)和自然科學(xué)。但所有的學(xué)生都必須選修表演藝術(shù)和體育，還要提供社區(qū)服務(wù)。在每門課程中，學(xué)生都會(huì)得到一個(gè)綜合了學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)和“努力程度”的分?jǐn)?shù)。在巴思市，97%的海德中學(xué)畢業(yè)生都升入了大學(xué)本科。 C

24、omprehension of the text (4)6. What must parents do for their children to gain admission? Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture. 3For the student to gain admission, parents also must agree to accept and demonstrate the schools philosophies and outlook. The parents agree in

25、 writing to meet monthly in one of 20 regional groups, go to a yearly three-day regional retreat, and spend at least three times a year in workshops, discussion groups and seminars at Bath. Parents of Maine students have an attendance rate of 95% in the many sessions. Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say

26、children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts. The biggest obstacle for many parents, they say, is to realize their own weaknesses.Para 14: 在海德中學(xué)的綜合教育中，父母的參與是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的組成部分。為了使孩子被該校錄取，家長(zhǎng)也必須同意接受并實(shí)踐學(xué)校的思想和觀點(diǎn)。家長(zhǎng)們簽約同意每月出席一次區(qū)域小組會(huì)議(共20個(gè)區(qū)域小組)，每年去區(qū)域休養(yǎng)所三天，每年至少參加三次巴思市的研修班、討論組和研

27、討會(huì)。在很多活動(dòng)中，緬因州學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的出席率高達(dá)95%。喬和馬爾科姆高爾德都說，當(dāng)孩子們見到自己的父母都在全力以赴時(shí)，他們也會(huì)竭盡全力。他們說，對(duì)許多家長(zhǎng)而言，最困難的是讓他們意識(shí)到自己的不足。 教育的目的是培養(yǎng)孩子的心智，使其發(fā)揮最大潛能。 我們已經(jīng)盡量讓測(cè)試既簡(jiǎn)單又全面，這樣我們就能大體上了解哪些你們懂了，哪些還不懂。 大家對(duì)這本有爭(zhēng)議的書褒貶不一，但藝術(shù)家們是否閱讀過它，我還需要作進(jìn)一步的調(diào)查。 三份相互獨(dú)立的日?qǐng)?bào)均已被要求暫停發(fā)行。 我工作了一整天，他們卻只給5美元，我倍感侮辱。6. 實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任說這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)還處在初始階段，要得出最終結(jié)果還需要更多的時(shí)間。7. 他們一定知道怎樣利用并在必要時(shí)

28、更改那些舊的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則。8. 報(bào)告非常明確指出中國(guó)將堅(jiān)持改革開放政策。9. 我們?cè)S多人都期望能有機(jī)會(huì)為世界作出有價(jià)值的貢獻(xiàn)。10. 盡管議院只討論了報(bào)告的一小部分，但這些報(bào)告卻引起了相當(dāng)大的關(guān)注。 The process for public school parents is still being worked out, with a lot more difficulty because it is difficult to convince parents that it is worthwhile for them to participate. Of the 100 students

29、 enrolled in New Haven, about 30% of the parents attend special meetings. The low attendance is in spite of commitments they made at the outset of the program when Hyde officials interviewed 300 families.Para 15: 公立學(xué)校學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的活動(dòng)計(jì)劃仍在制定之中。這項(xiàng)工作的困難要大得多，因?yàn)楹茈y使家長(zhǎng)相信他們的參與很有價(jià)值。在紐黑文市錄取的100名學(xué)生中，有30%左右的家長(zhǎng)出席了各類特別會(huì)議。這

30、一低出席率違背了他們?cè)诮虒W(xué)計(jì)劃開始實(shí)施時(shí)所做的承諾，當(dāng)時(shí)海德中學(xué)的官員曾與300個(gè)家庭進(jìn)行了面談。 巴思市一名在公立學(xué)校教書達(dá)14年之久的教師說，一旦問題得到解決，海德教學(xué)計(jì)劃就會(huì)在公立學(xué)校中獲得成功。他樂觀地認(rèn)為，一旦家長(zhǎng)們投入到計(jì)劃當(dāng)中，他們就會(huì)成為孩子們?nèi)粘Ｐ袨榈陌駱?，這與寄宿學(xué)校的學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)完全不同。 Para 16: One former inner-city high school teacher who now works in the New Haven program, says teachers also benefit. Here we really begin to fo

31、cus on having a fruitful relationship with each student. Our focus is really about teacher to student and then we together deal with theacademics. In the traditional high school setting, its teacher to the material and then to the student.“4 The teacher-student relationship is taken even further at

32、Hyde. Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.Para 17: 一名曾任教于舊城區(qū)學(xué)校的教師如今在從事紐黑文教學(xué)計(jì)劃。他說，教師也能從中受益。 “在這里，我們真正開始集中精力與每一個(gè)學(xué)生建立卓有成效的關(guān)系。我們的重點(diǎn)真的是先考慮師生關(guān)系，然后是師生共同探討學(xué)業(yè)。而在傳統(tǒng)的中學(xué)里，是先考慮教師和教材的關(guān)系，然后再考慮師生關(guān)系?！睅熒P(guān)系在海德中學(xué)被進(jìn)一步深化了。對(duì)教職員工的評(píng)估由學(xué)生來進(jìn)行。 When I came here, I insulted and cursed everybody. Every other school

33、was, Get out, we dont want to deal with you. I came here and they said, We kind of like that spirit. We dont like it with the negative attitudes. We want to turn that spirit positive. “我來這兒時(shí)，見人就侮辱，就咒罵。其他每所學(xué)校都會(huì)說：滾出去！我們這兒不要你。我來到這兒，他們卻說：我們有幾分喜歡這種活力，但并不喜歡它消極的一面，我們要將它轉(zhuǎn)化成積極的東西?！盤ara 1-2 the principles of

34、the Hyde SchoolPara 3-11 the efforts to make the Character First idea accepted by other public schoolsPara 12-16 the Hyde Schools approaches to educationPara 17-19 beneficial outcomes for the students andteachers2. When he explains his approach to education, Joe Gauld says there is no way to improve the traditional education system; it should be replaced or revolutionized. He points out that no matter what changes you make to the horse and ca