關(guān)系代詞基本用法經(jīng)典實用

1、關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法 grammar(關(guān)系代詞之基本用法關(guān)系代詞之基本用法)關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法 the attributive clause（定語從句）（定語從句） 1. 概念概念: 在復(fù)合句中，在復(fù)合句中， 修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫做修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫做定語從句定語從句。 被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞先行詞。 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞。she is an english teacher who likes traveling.定語從句關(guān)系詞先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞+定語從句定語從

2、句關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法she is an english teacher who likes traveling.定語從句關(guān)系詞先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞+定語從句定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞:1.關(guān)系代詞: 2.關(guān)系副詞:whichthat、whowhomwhose when wherewhy2.關(guān)系詞的三大作用：關(guān)系詞的三大作用：1）. 連接主從句連接主從句2）. 替代先行詞（關(guān)系詞替代先行詞（關(guān)系詞=先行詞）先行詞）3）. 在從句中做成分在從句中做成分意意義義關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代關(guān)系代詞詞先行詞先行詞從句從句成分成分例句例句who人人主語主語賓語賓

3、語the man who i met today told me to come back.the reporter who is talking to the worker is famous.whom 人人賓語賓語the girl whom i met looks like lily.that人；物人；物主語主語賓語賓語she is the person that i want to see.the boy that has just left here is my brother.which 物物主語主語賓語賓語this is a book which was written by he

4、mingway.the pen which you lent me is lost.the room whose window is red is mine.this is the scientist whose name is john nash.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞- that that : 既可指人，也可指物，在定語既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作主語從句中作主語/賓語賓語,且作賓語時可省略且作賓語時可省略. a plane is a machine that can fly. the noodles (that) i cooked were delicious.

5、who is the man that is reading a book ? the girl (that) we saw yesterday was betty. 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞- which which: 指物指物,在定語從句中作主語在定語從句中作主語 or賓語，賓語，作賓語時可省略作賓語時可省略. i lost the book which you gave me. this is our school which is very beautiful.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(一一)只能用只能用that不能用不能用which v 當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時當(dāng)

6、先行詞是不定代詞時vall/none/anything/nothing/veverythingvall that can be done must be done.vwe should make use of everything that is useful.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(一一)只能用只能用that不能用不能用which的情的情形形 v當(dāng)先行詞被當(dāng)先行詞被v all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every 修飾時修飾時vall the students that are studying in our class are from guangd

7、ong province.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法v當(dāng)先行詞被最高級、序數(shù)詞以及當(dāng)先行詞被最高級、序數(shù)詞以及 v the only / the very 修飾時修飾時vthis is the only book that i can find in my desk.vhe is the very guy that i want to talk to.vthe first thing that you should do is to eat sth.(一一)只能用只能用that不能用不能用which 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法v 當(dāng)主句前以當(dāng)主句前以which / who 開頭開頭

8、 的特殊疑問詞時的特殊疑問詞時 (避免重復(fù)避免重復(fù))vwho is the girl that is standing over there?vwhich ball is the one that belongs to mike?(一一)只能用只能用that不能用不能用which的情形的情形 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(一一)只能用只能用that不能用不能用which v5 當(dāng)先行詞同時指物和人時, 只能用that.vwe are talking about the people and the things that we have visited in the county.關(guān)系代詞

9、基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法summary: 只能用只能用that的情況的情況v1. 先行詞既有指人又有指物先行詞既有指人又有指物v2. 當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級時，當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級時， 有有the only, the very 等修飾時等修飾時v3. 先行詞是先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代詞時等不定代詞時v4. 主句是以主句是以who/which開頭的特殊疑問句時開頭的特殊疑問句時關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(二二)只能用只能用which不能用不能用thatv which可以引導(dǎo)可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句非

10、限制性定語從句 ，v that不能不能vthe recorder ,which i paid 200 dollars, proves to be very useful.vpeter drove too fast, which was dangerous.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法v which之前可以有介詞，而之前可以有介詞，而that不不能能vi will never forget the school in which we studied together.v this is the question about which they are discussing.(二二)只能用

11、which不能用that的情形關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法who: 指人，在定語從句中作主語，指人，在定語從句中作主語，或賓語或賓語 做主語不能省略做主語不能省略關(guān)系代詞- who many people who died in the earthquake were children. the person who has little hair is mr. zhang.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(二二)只能用只能用who不能用不能用thatv 先行詞是先行詞是one, ones, those, anyone,hevhe who doesnt work hard will not

12、 pass the exam.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法 whom: 指人，在定語從句中作賓語指人，在定語從句中作賓語; 作及物動詞賓語可省略作及物動詞賓語可省略, 但在介詞后不可省但在介詞后不可省略。略。 關(guān)系代詞- whomthe girl (whom) you saw just now is my sister. the man whom you just talked to/with is mr.li. =the man to/with whom you just talked is mr.li.類似的短語搭配有類似的短語搭配有: talk about /take care of

13、/ look for/look after/learn from/listen to等等關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(二二)只能用只能用whom不能用不能用whov當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時vthe girl to whom i spoke is my cousin.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法(二二)能位于介詞后的關(guān)系代詞能位于介詞后的關(guān)系代詞vwhich vi will never forget the school in which we studied together.vwhom. vthe girl to whom i spoke is my cousin.關(guān)

14、系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時，要注意幾點：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時，要注意幾點：（1）whom, which作作介詞賓語介詞賓語時，介詞一時，介詞一般可以放在它們的般可以放在它們的前面前面，也可以放在從句，也可以放在從句原來的位置上，但是如果是原來的位置上，但是如果是固定詞組固定詞組，不，不能把介詞和動詞拆開能把介詞和動詞拆開 there is a room in which you can study.which you study in.rose is the student whom you should look after/take care of.關(guān)系代詞基本

15、用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who,which, that,在從句中作在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)人稱和數(shù)必須和必須和先行詞先行詞保持一致保持一致。anyone who _ over 20 can join the army.i ,who _ your friend , will help you.isam 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法 注意：作賓語時關(guān)系代詞可省。注意：作賓語時關(guān)系代詞可省。1.the man who/ i met today told me to come back.2.the girl whom / i met looks

16、 like lily.3.she is the person that / i want to see.the pen which / you lent me is lost.4.the best work _ she wrote and _ i have read will be made into film.a which; that b that; that c that; / d / ; /關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法1. this is our monitor whose english is very good. 2. i borrowed a book from the li

17、brary whose name is “war and peace”. whose : 既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物, 在定語從句中在定語從句中作定語作定語關(guān)系代詞- whose關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法vit is a poor dog.vits heart is broken.vit is a poor dog whose heart is broken.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法the man is shouting for help . the man is shouting for help . his house is on fire .his house is

18、on fire .the man the man whose house is on firewhose house is on fire is shouting for is shouting for help.help.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法the girl is being taken to a hospital .the girl is being taken to a hospital .her leg broke in the earthquake .her leg broke in the earthquake .the girl the girl whose leg

19、broke in the earthquakewhose leg broke in the earthquake is is taken to a hospital . taken to a hospital . 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法this is the book whose cover is blue.this is the book of which the cover is blue.this is the book the cover of which is blue.i know the girl whose name is mary.i know the girl o

20、f whom the name is mary.i know the girl the name of whom is mary.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞的用法總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞的用法成分成分先行詞指人先行詞指人先行詞指物先行詞指物主語 do you know the man _ came to see xiao yang this morning?i couldnt find the book _was bought yesterday.賓語he is a man_ _we should all learn from.the table _you just saw is m

21、ade of plastics.定語do you know the boy _ parents are on holiday?ive never been to the room _windows are broken.who /that which /that who /that /whom which /that whosewhose/ / 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法怎樣判斷用什么關(guān)系代詞怎樣判斷用什么關(guān)系代詞口訣口訣: 前看先行詞前看先行詞, 辯清人或物辯清人或物 后看從句里后看從句里, 有無主賓語有無主賓語關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)于定語從句的難點,和出錯點.1.定語從句

22、的從句部分出現(xiàn)代替的內(nèi)容.this is the book that i like it best.2.插入語成分.the beggar who i think is poor is in fact rich.從句部分關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法定語從句中的主謂一致問題.1.she is one of the girls who _ praised at the meeting.2.she is the only one of the girls who _ praised at the meeting. ( be ) areis5.在先行詞缺少的情況下,要用the one 來補充它的先行

23、詞,然后確定它的關(guān)系詞this is the factory _ i worked last year.this factory is _ i worked last year.this factory is _ i visited last year.where/ in which the one where the one that/ /關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法6.與其他從句和句式的區(qū)別與where 和 when 引導(dǎo)的 狀語從句的區(qū)別.區(qū)別的關(guān)鍵就是:是否有先行詞.this is the school where i studied many years ago.there we

24、re a lot of sheep where i lived.i will never forget the day when i first went to school.we were about to start when it began to rain. in which on which連詞; 在那里連詞; 就在那個/就這個時候關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法lets do some exercise!關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法1.the girl _is standing who/that/ / / 鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)： 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空關(guān)系代詞基本用

25、法關(guān)系代詞基本用法1.this is all_i know about the matter. a.that b.what c.who d.whether2.is there anything else_you want? a.which b.that c.who d.what3.the last place _we visited was the great wall. a.which b.that c.where d. itchoose the best answers:關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法10. please take the second chair_is over the

26、re. a. where b. which c. who d. that 11.is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? a. that b./ c.which d.it 12.finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（nmet98) a. which b. what c. whatever d. that 關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法14. i dont like _ you speak to her. a. the way b. the way in t

27、hat c. the way which d. the way of which關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法15. the weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. a. what b. which c. that d. it關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法1. this is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. a. that b. who c. whom d. this 2.i know the student _you borrowed the pen.a.

28、 that b. from whom c. from which d. whom3. is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. which c. who d. whom4. is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. that c. which d. /練一練！練一練！關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法1. the man _ i saw told me to wait.2. the man to _

29、 i spoke was a foreigner.3. i know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (雜技演員雜技演員)4. he saw a house _ windows were all broken.fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.whowhomwhosewhosewhom關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法lets do some exercise!make sentences with the expressions and pictures.關(guān)系代詞基本用法關(guān)系代詞基本用法the ship/was the most beautiful in the world at that timetitanic i