中考英語閱讀理解解題技巧

1、中考英語閱讀理解解題技巧1細節(jié)事實新課程標準有關(guān)閱讀最基本的要求是“能從一般性文章中獲取和處理主要信息”。對這種“獲取和處理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是細節(jié)判斷。這類題在閱讀理解題中占據(jù)半壁江山，做好這類題是確?；A分的關(guān)鍵。同時，弄清細節(jié)，正確 獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特別重視做好這類題。1、細節(jié)事實題題干常見的問句形式1）True or NOT true 是非判斷類型 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT

2、true? Which of the following is NOTcon sidered as ? Accord ing to the passage, which of the follow ing is NOT men ti oned asone of the reas ons for?2） 特殊疑問詞提問類型 How many ? What/who/w hen/where/how/why ?3）排序題類型 Which of the orders is correct according to the passage ?4）例證題類型 The author gives the exam

3、ple in paragraph in order to 5） 表唯一細節(jié)概念題類型： the most / est the only 2、細節(jié)事實題的解題方法：做這類題的一般方法是先要找出題干或是選項中的關(guān)鍵字，一般為數(shù)字、大寫或人名地名，再通過scanning快速確定該細節(jié)在文中的出處（信息源），仔細對照題干要求，排除或選擇。命題者在出這類題時慣用“偷梁換柱、張冠李戴”的手法來迷惑考生，即 對原句細微處做改動，截取原文詞語或結(jié)構(gòu)進行改造，因果倒置，把A的觀點說成B的觀點等。所以正確理解題干和信息句的意義是關(guān)鍵。細節(jié)事實題還要十分注意句子的非 主干成分，如定語、狀語、補語等，這些成分都是出題

4、者常進行誤導的落腳點。是非判斷一般都遵循對照選項進行“三對一錯或三錯一對”的判斷。若該信息句是長句或難句，要學會找出其主干部分，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確理解信息句的意義。一定要 注意的是，要所答是所問，不要受到慣勢思維的影響，習慣性地去選擇正確的細節(jié)事實，切記要弄清問題，不要所答非所問。例證題一定要注意以for example ,such as 等關(guān)鍵入手處，找出細節(jié)出處。排序題要先仔細觀察選項，找出首尾相同的選項分組，進而通過具體細節(jié)信息比較進行排除和選擇。唯一細節(jié)題一定要仔細審題，弄清題干所需。特別需要提醒的是，選項中 出現(xiàn)有most （最高級）、the only （唯一）、all （所有）、n

5、one （全否）修飾的細節(jié)，都 具有絕對性，選擇判斷時要慎選。I like summer best. It ' s very cool in my hometc it ' s nice to have a long and sunny summer. There ar lot of outdoor activities you can take part in, such as going camp ing. My least favourite is win ter, because it "pstty cold, and you don ' t want

6、to go outsideNeil/Ca nada:wn, and e aShire T,43. What ' s the weather like in Neil' s hometown in summer?A. Wet B. Cool C. Windy D. Cloudy2主旨大意此類題型用以考查學生對文章主題或中心思想的領會和理解能力。其中一類題型為主旨問題。1主旨大意題題干常見的問句形式1）主旨句設問類型 What is the ma in idea of this passage？ What does the passage mailytalk about ? We

7、can con elude / lear n from the passage that2）最佳標題選擇類型 The best title for this passage is3）作者主旨意圖類型 What does the writer want to tell us? Which can express the purpose of the writer accord ing to the passage?2、主旨大意題的解題方法主旨大意題一定要注意文章的首尾兩段。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是兩段重復表明的語句內(nèi)容表達。找出選項中與歸納的主旨表達重復最多的選項即為最

8、佳答案。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達不一致，則需要觀察文章的段落篇幅量 是傾向于首段或是尾段，從而確定主旨段落。在此過程中，觀察篇幅量只需跳讀文章段 落的首句尾句即可，無需細讀段落內(nèi)容，以節(jié)省時間。如果文章只有一段，則注意文章 的首兩句及尾句，然后用以上的方法確定主旨句。此外，標題選擇即為主旨句的壓縮表達，注意抓住主旨句進行主要詞匯的提煉，把 一個句子提煉為幾個關(guān)鍵詞，即是對主旨大意進行概括歸納的標題。而作者意圖表達必須通過歸納中心主題才能找到，通常體現(xiàn)為advise, convince, prese nt, propose, warn等。Do you enjoy visit ing a museu

9、m? Did you ever make a pla n before a visit? Every museum must have someth ing that attracts you. And there are many possible ways to enjoy yourself in a museum.If you follow these steps below, you'll know what is worth see ing and doing, so that you can make the most of your time at the museum.

10、Decide what museum you will visit. There are so many different kinds of museums and you first need to find one that you like. It's easy for you to choose one and start an enjoyable visit!Do some research on li ne. Every museum now has a website which allows you to look through the information ab

11、out it. On the website, you may look for such things as:?The exhibits展品）-See what is on show at the museum at all times, and what special exhibitions are held for a short time.?The history of the museum There will often be very interesting stories about the exhibits and the ben efactors捐 贈者）.That ca

12、n make your visit more in teresti ng.?Activities Seewhether there are talks, tours our special activities on the day when you visit. Many museums hold some activities that meet the interests of all age groups.?Oost,food or shortageTt's importa nt how much the visit will cost. You have to decide

13、whether or not you can eat there. You might also n eed to find out tran sportati on n eeds, as well as storage for coats, bags etc.Learn at least one thing on your visit. It is always good to take away someth ing new from your visit.Plan breaks into your visit. When you walk around, standing here an

14、d studying exhibits there, you may become very tired. So it is important to take breaks. A break is a good opport un ity for you to think of what you have see n and what else you might want to do in museum.'re seeing. A frgsnalnalthoebrinTake a friend or two. Visiting museums is always a lot mor

15、e fun when you are with some one else. You can talk over what you way of thinking whe n you talk about the exhibit.51.If we visit a museum with frien ds, we canA. share the experie nee with themB. come up with stra nge ideasC. cut dow n the cost of the visitD. discuss the n ext visit pla n3推理判斷此類題的關(guān)

16、鍵是要注意原文出現(xiàn)的語句不是我們做出的推理判斷，而是原文給出的 細節(jié)信息，所以原文語句不能選。 判斷時對已知的事實仔細評價后做出的合理決定并非 唯一決定，要對事實進行合乎情理的判斷，有時還需借助常識進行判斷。推理判斷題分兩種，即對細節(jié)的推理和對主旨的推理。主要以Wecan infer / imply/ learn from this passage that等進行提問。解決此類題要注意，一是與原文相同的細節(jié)不能選，二是文中沒有出現(xiàn)的細節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過程中只要注 意上述兩點，再結(jié)合做細節(jié)和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判斷題。New Tech no logy Revoluti oni z

17、es（變革）Lear ningMore and more people believe that tech no logies are great for lear ning. Today, such teachi ng tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, in clud ing Ian guage, history and scie nee.Many teachers are supporters of using iPads in Ian guage lear ning. They say that students now have

18、much more time for discussion in the classroom.Instead of spe nding valuable class time liste ning to texts or watchi ng teach ing videos, stude nts can do this on their own and come to class prepared for discussi on.The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learat their own pace . Some stu

19、de nts might liste n to a dialogue only once and un dersta nd it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to liste n to the same dialogue aga in and aga in to un dersta nd it. Using iPads is especially helpful to stude nts who are lear ning a Ian guage at di

20、ffere nt paces.The stude nts who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn (such as listening to stories and watchi ng movies). The class has become much more in terest ing and creative.There are other advantagesfor students

21、. By using iPads, they can pay more atte nti on to the material and lear n more. Teach ing no tes are stored in their iPads and are easy to find .Some stude nts spe nd more time study ing now.t6' hcan liste nIan guage material or watch teachi ng videos on the bus, in stead of hav ing to wait un

22、til I get home, ” a student explained.Many adults compla in that tech no logies such as iPads are doing harm to stude nts. They worry that stude nts might use iPads to dow nl oad teach ing no tes and use them to cheat duri ng exams. Some believe that iPads may separate stude nts from each other. If

23、a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have fewer opport un ities to have face-to-face com muni cati on with others.However, tech no logies are already a part of most stude nts -to-day lives. day for cheating, teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when they take ex

24、ams Educati on n eeds to make cha nges with the times as tech no logy is play ing an importa nt part. We should look forward to a won derful future whe n iPads and other tech no logies can add a lot to the classroom.54. From the passage we can lear n that.A. stude nts with iPads have less discussi on in classB. students get more fun from learning with iPadsC. iPads help students save time waiting for busesD. iPads pr