高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-V+ing用法詳解

1、.1.2一一. 含義含義動(dòng)詞的-ing形式是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)。二二. 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成1.構(gòu)成: 動(dòng)詞原形+-ing2.規(guī)則:一般情況，直接+ing;以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e+ing; 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母再加ing;以ie結(jié)尾，變ie為y，+ing，例：die，dying；lie，lying.關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞：含義：含義 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成 特征特征 分類分類 成分成分 用法用法 形式形式 運(yùn)用運(yùn)用.3三三.特征特征1.動(dòng)詞的-ing形式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞等詞的特點(diǎn).2. 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式由動(dòng)詞變來(lái),所以保留了動(dòng)詞的某些特征,如它可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)

2、,狀語(yǔ)等.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.四四.分類分類1.動(dòng)名詞:動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式相當(dāng)于名詞在句中的用法.2.現(xiàn)在分詞:具有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的、主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作.4小結(jié)：小結(jié)：doing 為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由do原原形形 +ing 構(gòu)成，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ),可以充當(dāng)可以充當(dāng) 1.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 2. 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 3.表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 4. 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 5.狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 6.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)。doing現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞具有名詞，動(dòng)詞的

3、特性具有名詞，動(dòng)詞的特性具有具有adj.，adv.的特性的特性成分成分形式形式.5做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的肯定是做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的肯定是_；做狀語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的肯定是做狀語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的肯定是_。Examples:1)Seeing is believing.(動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ))2)Be careful while crossing the street.(現(xiàn)在分詞做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分

4、詞現(xiàn)在分詞.61.做主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)1.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.2. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.3.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.五五. 用法用法：.7小結(jié)小結(jié)：1特征：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。2.句型：1）doing 作作主語(yǔ)句型：主語(yǔ)句型： Doing . +

5、 V + O 2）但有些含有動(dòng)名詞的句型，為避免句子主語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)，通常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，-ing形式作真正的主語(yǔ)。下面列舉幾種最常見(jiàn)的句型：Eg. Its no use crying over spilt （傾倒出）milk. It +be +no good /use doing做做無(wú)益無(wú)益/無(wú)用無(wú)用.8Its a waste of time thinking hard about the past. It +be +a waste of time doing做做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間The book is worth reading.It +be +worth doing 做做值得值得There

6、is no harm in doing so. There +be +no +n. +in +doing 做做沒(méi)有沒(méi)有.92. 作作賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)） He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)） I am fond of watching TV.（介詞賓語(yǔ)（介詞賓語(yǔ)） .10動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)只接只接doing只接只接to dodoing和和to do皆可，意義皆可，意義區(qū)別很大區(qū)別很大doing和和to do皆可，意義皆可，意義區(qū)別不大區(qū)別不大.1

7、1以下動(dòng)詞須用以下動(dòng)詞須用doing 做賓語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)1)記憶口訣：記憶口訣：雙雙P延期延期 兩建議兩建議否認(rèn)否認(rèn) 錯(cuò)過(guò)了錯(cuò)過(guò)了 練習(xí)練習(xí)考慮考慮 完成完成 不耽擱不耽擱喜歡喜歡 設(shè)想設(shè)想 不介意不介意面對(duì)面對(duì) 堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持 不放棄不放棄避免避免 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn) 請(qǐng)?jiān)徴?qǐng)?jiān)?對(duì)應(yīng)單詞：對(duì)應(yīng)單詞：postpone, put off, suggest, advisedeny, miss, practiceconsider, finish, delay fancy, enjoy, appreciate, imagine, mindface, insist on, give upavoid, risk, excu

8、se, forgive.122)need, require, want + doing = need to be done注意注意:主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞want，need，require作作“需要需要”解時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞用解時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，且與句子主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，這動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，且與句子主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。3)give up, cant help, look forward, have trouble . +doingEg1. My coat needs washing. =My coat need

9、s to be washed.Eg2. I look forward to receiving your letter. .13下列動(dòng)詞常以動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）作賓語(yǔ)。三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定不要假裝在選擇不要假裝在選擇hope; wish; want ; agree; promisedemand; ask; refusemanage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒絕命令想要拒絕命令需要努力學(xué)習(xí)需要努力學(xué)習(xí),期望同意幫助期望同意幫助希望決定開(kāi)始。希望決定開(kāi)始。want ; refuse ;

10、order ,need; try ; learn expect ; agree ; help hope ; wish ; decide ;begin ;start .14 有些動(dòng)詞既可接有些動(dòng)詞既可接-ing，又可接，又可接to do作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ) ,區(qū)別不是很大。區(qū)別不是很大。like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, etc.He likes singing.He likes to sing. .151)I must remember to take my notebook with me. I remember see

11、ing her somewhere before.remember to do sth. 記得要做某事。記得要做某事。remember doing sth. 記得做過(guò)某事。記得做過(guò)某事。類似詞：類似詞：forget, regret, mean, stop, try, 有些動(dòng)詞后既可以接有些動(dòng)詞后既可以接doing又可以接又可以接to do作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ),意思上有明顯差別：意思上有明顯差別：.162) I forgot to post the letter. I forgot posting the letter. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事。 forget doing st

12、h. 忘記做過(guò)某事。3) I regret to tell you that you cant work here any more. I regret not taking your advice. regret to do sth 對(duì)馬上要發(fā)生的事抱歉、遺憾，常和say, tell, inform 等詞連用。 regret doing sth. 后悔做過(guò)某事。.174) I did not mean to hurt you. That means giving up my job. mean to do sth.: 有的意圖，打算，想 mean doing sth.: 意味著5) He s

13、topped to sing. He stopped singing. stop to do sth.: 停下來(lái)正在做的事去做另一件事。 stop doing sth.: 停止正在做的事情。6) We must try to get everything done on time. Lets try doing the work some other way. try to do sth.: 設(shè)法、努力做某事 try doing sth.: 嘗試做某事.187）He said nothing but just went on working. After her early teaching

14、career she went on to become a doctor. go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事 go on to do sth.(做完某事)接著做另一件事8）I cant help to finish her work, because I havent finished mine yet. I cant help crying when I heard the news. cant help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事.19Complete these sentences:1. If you ca

15、n keep _(read) English newspapers, your English will be improved. 2. He has promised _(come) to my birthday party.3. I hate _(tell) lies!4. * I will never forget _(go) to Beijing with him last summer. * I forgot _(tell) her the news; so she knew nothing about it.readingto cometelling/to tellgoingto

16、tell.203. 作作表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) His job is teaching English.= teaching English is his job. She is washing the dishes. Washing the dishes is she.動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)表示表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)可交換位置；現(xiàn)在主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)可交換位置；現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)分詞做表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，特征，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不可交換主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，特征，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不可交換位置。位置。Practice：

17、1)Learning is my duty.2)The news is encouraging.動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ).214. 作作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) a. the laughing audience / an amusing story Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. ( 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)后置后置） The girl singing on the stage is my sister. CompareThe amusing play = the play that is amusing.The g

18、irl singing on the stage = The girl who is singing on the stage.22現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞單獨(dú)單獨(dú)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞 , ,說(shuō)明其修飾名詞的說(shuō)明其修飾名詞的動(dòng)作，性質(zhì)或特征動(dòng)作，性質(zhì)或特征, ,它與被修飾它與被修飾的名詞是邏輯上的的名詞是邏輯上的主動(dòng)主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且可以轉(zhuǎn)換成關(guān)系，且可以轉(zhuǎn)換成定語(yǔ)從定語(yǔ)從句句；動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的；動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的功能或用途功能或用途，一般是單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，放在被修飾名詞之一般是單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，放在被修飾名

19、詞之_，可以，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成轉(zhuǎn)換成for for 短語(yǔ)，表示短語(yǔ)，表示“供作供作.之用之用”。前前前前a walkingwalking stick(a stick for walking)(a pool for swimming )a sleeping boya moving story _(a story that moves people)(a boy who is sleeping) a swimming pool _.23動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 -ing 形式如果是短語(yǔ)，形式如果是短語(yǔ)，應(yīng)應(yīng)放在所修飾的名詞放在所修飾的名詞 ，相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于_。1. They are visitors coming fro

20、m several countriescoming from several countries.（=who come from several countries.） 2.Three days later I received a letter offering me offering me the job.the job.（=which offered me the job.）3.The girl standing therestanding there is my classmate. （ =who stands there ）4. The man speaking to the tea

21、cherspeaking to the teacher is my father. 后后定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句(who is speaking to the teacher).24Step 2. The boy who is coming to dinner this evening is a classmate of mine. Step 1. The boy is coming to dinner this evening He is a classmate of mine.Step 3. The boy coming to dinner this evening is a classmate

22、of mine.Wrong : The boy is coming to dinner this evening is a classmate of mine There are some people are waiting at the bus stop_.25 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ)必須必須是是句子的主語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)，分詞必須和句中的主語(yǔ)含有，分詞必須和句中的主語(yǔ)含有邏輯邏輯上上的的主謂關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系，否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。，否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。但要注意它的各種形式變化：但要注意它的各種形式變化： True or false:1.Seein

23、g from the top, the school looks more beautiful.( )2. Seeing from the top, we find the school more beautiful.( ) FT.266.形式：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)doing having donehaving been done being done not being donenot having done not doing not having been done .27Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the c

24、lassroom. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鈴聲，學(xué)生們開(kāi)始走進(jìn)教室。聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鈴聲，學(xué)生們開(kāi)始走進(jìn)教室。（聽(tīng)見(jiàn)和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作（聽(tīng)見(jiàn)和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)同時(shí)或或基本同時(shí)基本同時(shí)發(fā)生）發(fā)生）The building being built now is our new library. 現(xiàn)在正現(xiàn)在正在建造地在建造地 這棟樓房室我們地這棟樓房室我們地 新圖書(shū)館新圖書(shū)館.（being built為現(xiàn)在分詞的為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)被動(dòng)形式，表示動(dòng)作形式，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)正在進(jìn)行之中行之中。）。）Having done the work, he went home. （having done the work為現(xiàn)在分詞的為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式

25、完成式，表示動(dòng)作，表示動(dòng)作先先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。）發(fā)生。）All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。所有的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。（having been sold out 為現(xiàn)在分詞的為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式完成式，表示動(dòng)作，表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生詞發(fā)生。）。）.28Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the

26、street, I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.(=While _ _ _ _ the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.)1）表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)I was waiting for.29 2) 表原因狀語(yǔ)表原因狀語(yǔ)Being ill, he didnt go to school.(=As he was ill, he didnt go to school.)Being a student, you sho

27、uld study hard.(=Since _ _ a student you should study hard.）既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生，你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生，你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。由于想到它或許在家，所以我就給他打了電話由于想到它或許在家，所以我就給他打了電話。Thinking he might be at home, I called him.As _ _ he might be at home, I called him.you areI thought.30 3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語(yǔ)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語(yǔ) ：作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的分作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的分詞表示的動(dòng)作，必須是詞表示的動(dòng)作，必須

28、是主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)的一個(gè)一個(gè) 動(dòng)作，或是動(dòng)作，或是與與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生，或，或是是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示地動(dòng)詞（或狀態(tài)）作進(jìn)一步地補(bǔ)對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示地動(dòng)詞（或狀態(tài)）作進(jìn)一步地補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。充說(shuō)明。Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)我們乘車游覽了許多地方。我們乘車游覽了許多地方。 Travelling by car, we visited many a place.We _ by car and visited many a ed.31

29、 他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。_ , they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。著墻站著。He stood leaning against the wall.(He _ and _ against the wall.)Laughing and talking(They _ and _, and they went into the classroom.)laughedtalkedleanedstood.32 4) 表結(jié)果表結(jié)果Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her

30、younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.)全國(guó)到處在傳唱這首歌曲，使它成了一首最受歡迎地歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song (=The song is sung all over the country, and this _ it the most popular song.)makes.335)表?xiàng)l件表?xiàng)l件Using your head, you will

31、find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。_, you will see a white house.Walking ahead(If you _ _, you will see a white house.Working hard, you will succeed.努力吧，努力吧， 你會(huì)成功的。你會(huì)成功的。（If you _ _, you will succeed.walk aheadwork head.346)表讓步表讓步(though/al

32、though , even though等）等）盡管拼命地工作，他一點(diǎn)都不覺(jué)得累。盡管拼命地工作，他一點(diǎn)都不覺(jué)得累。Workiing hard, he didnt feel a bit tired.（=Although he worked hard, he didnt feel a bit tired.)Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage.（=Even though they _ _ _, they made me pay for the damage.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失

33、。損失。knew all this.35邏輯主語(yǔ)邏輯主語(yǔ) ones doing Do you mind Tims smoking here?Excuse me for my being late.She accepted his apology for his being rude. ones 形容詞型物主代詞形容詞型物主代詞人稱代詞賓格人稱代詞賓格名詞所有格名詞所有格.36動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)注意比較下面兩個(gè)句子,它們有什么區(qū)別與聯(lián)系I dont mind smoking here.I dont mind his smoking here.共同點(diǎn):都是相當(dāng)于名詞不同點(diǎn):動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有了自己的

34、動(dòng)作發(fā)出者,如,his誰(shuí)抽煙,他抽.37 7) 7)與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：-ing-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), , 它的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句的主它的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句的主語(yǔ)是一致的，如果兩者不構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系語(yǔ)是一致的，如果兩者不構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系, , 只能用獨(dú)只能用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)立主格結(jié)構(gòu), , 即即給現(xiàn)在分詞補(bǔ)充一個(gè)主語(yǔ)。給現(xiàn)在分詞補(bǔ)充一個(gè)主語(yǔ)。 如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。Time permitting, well do another two exercises.(=If _ _, well do another two ex

35、ercises)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是time , time , 而句子的主語(yǔ)是而句子的主語(yǔ)是I I , , 兩者不構(gòu)成兩者不構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系, , 所以只能用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)所以只能用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu), , 也就是給現(xiàn)在分詞補(bǔ)也就是給現(xiàn)在分詞補(bǔ)充一個(gè)主語(yǔ)。充一個(gè)主語(yǔ)。 I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard(=when I for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.)time permitswas waiting .38獨(dú)立主格中的注意事項(xiàng)獨(dú)立主格中的注意事項(xiàng)（1 1）獨(dú)立主格有時(shí)也可用獨(dú)立主格有時(shí)也

36、可用with (without) + +名詞名詞（代詞賓格）（代詞賓格）+ +分詞形式分詞形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。（2 2）有些固定用法作獨(dú)立成分）有些固定用法作獨(dú)立成分( (懸垂分詞懸垂分詞) )：Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.generally speaking, frankly speaking, considering,/taking in consideration, to tell you the truth,et

37、c.396. Doing 作作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常為通常為 a: 感官動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞，如：如：see, notice, watch, hear, listen to, feel, observe, find + sb + doing We heard the children singing in her room.We watched the children diving into the water from the top board. .40 b. 役使動(dòng)詞役使動(dòng)詞. 表示表示“使使”，“讓讓”的意思。的意思。 keep sb doing 保持保持

38、. leave sb doing 使處使處于于 get sb/ sth doing讓做讓做 have sb doing 讓讓做做. set sb/ sth doing使使Well soon have you walking again. 我們會(huì)不久讓你重新走起來(lái)我們會(huì)不久讓你重新走起來(lái)。I leave the machine running all day. 我讓機(jī)器整天運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著。我讓機(jī)器整天運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著。.41 More examples Step 1. People saw the police. The police were breaking the window with a hammer.

39、 （簡(jiǎn)單句）（簡(jiǎn)單句）Step 2. People saw the police who were breaking the window with a hammer. （定語(yǔ)從句）（定語(yǔ)從句）Step 3. People saw the police breaking the window with a hammer. ( doing 短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)）短語(yǔ)作賓補(bǔ)）.421.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _ with him. (06年上海高考） to argue B. arguing C. argue

40、d D. having argued2.Victor apologized for _to inform me of the change in the plan.(04年上海高考）A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able7.運(yùn)用運(yùn)用：Grammar work 語(yǔ)法專練語(yǔ)法專練.433.Ill never forget _Paris for the first time.A. to visit B. visit C. visiting D. visited4.I regret _hard at school.A. not to study B. not