高考英語復(fù)習(xí)之猜測詞義題201603(共41張PPT)

1、guessing meanings學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.了解高考閱讀理解的了解高考閱讀理解的考綱要求考綱要求和題型類型。和題型類型。2.熟悉詞義猜測題的熟悉詞義猜測題的題型特點題型特點和和解題策略。解題策略。3.激情投入英語學(xué)習(xí)，享受閱讀激情投入英語學(xué)習(xí)，享受閱讀快樂?？鞓贰?高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求 要求考生讀懂書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話要求考生讀懂書、報、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等，并能從題的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等，并能從中獲取相關(guān)信息?？忌鷳?yīng)能：中獲取相關(guān)信息?？忌鷳?yīng)能：、理解主旨要義；、理解主旨要義；、理解文中具體信息；、理解文中

2、具體信息；、根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義；、根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義；、作出判斷和理解；、作出判斷和理解；、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；、理解作者的意圖，觀點和態(tài)度、理解作者的意圖，觀點和態(tài)度。 根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義是考生根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義是考生必須掌握的一項重要閱讀技能必須掌握的一項重要閱讀技能, 因此因此, 詞詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解的必考題型。義猜測題是高考閱讀理解的必考題型。這類題包括猜測單詞、短語、句子的意這類題包括猜測單詞、短語、句子的意思和判斷指代內(nèi)容。思和判斷指代內(nèi)容。 分析題干能力分析題干能力unconditional:無條件的無條件的, ,絕

3、對的絕對的 adj.adj.condition conditional 情況，條件情況，條件 n. n. 有條件的有條件的 adj.adj.unconditional:group1 nonjudgmental:沒有判斷力的沒有判斷力的judge judgment judgmental判斷判斷 v.判斷判斷 n.adj.nonjudgmental:歸納歸納1 1： 英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴，英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴，后面加后綴，從而構(gòu)成一個詞，乍看起后面加后綴，從而構(gòu)成一個詞，乍看起來，這個詞可能是生詞，但掌握了一定來，這個詞可能是生詞，但掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞法知識，就不難猜出它的詞

4、義。的構(gòu)詞法知識，就不難猜出它的詞義。 group2 1.it will be very hard but also very brittle that is , it will break easily2.the purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students. 脆的脆的冒名替考者冒名替考者3. anthropology is the scientific study of man. anthropology means _. 4. the modern age

5、 of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing. 人類學(xué)人類學(xué) 聽診器聽診器根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系：根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系：3.3.根據(jù)并列同類關(guān)系根據(jù)并列同類關(guān)系: :猜詞能力猜詞能力邏輯詞：邏輯詞：be, be called, means, be defined as, that is（to say）,namely, in other words, ect 通過生詞后的定語通過生詞后的定語( (定語從句或分詞短語等定語從句或分詞短語等)

6、)、表、表語、同位語、逗號、括號、破折號等的解釋說明語、同位語、逗號、括號、破折號等的解釋說明來推測其意思。來推測其意思。and, or，not only but also 等并列的幾個事物應(yīng)屬同類事物, 由此可推測其中一個的大概意思。1.(廣東卷廣東卷) parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. is this a good thing? sometimes, when mr. ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, elizabeth, l

7、isten to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. “i would never have said to my mom, hey, the new weezer album is really great. how do you like it?” says ballmer. “there was just

8、 a complete gap in taste.” music was not the only gulf. from clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits. the underlined word gulf in para. 3 most probably means _.a. interestb. distancec. differenced.

9、separation2.(廣東卷廣東卷) however, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. they learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. they marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour- glasses, and invented water-clocks. indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much

10、 time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.the underlined phrase stately homes in paragraph 4 meansa. state-owned houses b. houses in very good conditionc. grand houses open to the publicd. houses where statesmen meet regu

11、larly3. however, some 165 million children suffer from long-term undernutrition, leading to 3.1 million child deaths every year. it also leaves many of those children that do survive permanently impaired and unable to reach their full potential.what does the underlined word “impaired” in paragraph 2

12、 mean?a cared. b. needed. c. harmed. d. supported.group 31. unlike the united states where many different nationalities make up the population, japans population is quite homogeneous. 2. andrew is one of the most supercilious man i know. his brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.單一民族的單一民族

13、的目空一切目空一切, ,傲慢的傲慢的3. although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical. 4. he had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.熱的熱的惡化惡化猜詞能力猜詞能力邏輯詞邏輯詞:but, though, although, however, yet, otherwise, or, while, unlike,on the one handon the other hand, f

14、or one thingfor another thing, instead of, rather than 等等1.it is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. you have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. however, you can have great power

15、over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. this is the winners key to success. the underlined word remedy in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . a avoid b. accept c. improve d consider 2.in kennons opinion, however, the cat wa

16、s a hopeless case. many doctors would have put down such a badly hurt animal. but she couldnt be so cruel. the kittens bright eyes and sad face had won her over. there was no way of finding his owner, so kennon, a single woman aged 56, decided to keep him.the underlined phrase “put down” in paragrap

17、h 2 most probably means_.a.hurt b. killed c. refused d. replaced group 41.all his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.2.the flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.3the river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is s

18、hallow.徒勞的，無效的徒勞的，無效的凋謝凋謝,枯萎枯萎渾濁不清的渾濁不清的根據(jù)原因可以預(yù)測結(jié)果，根據(jù)結(jié)果也可根據(jù)原因可以預(yù)測結(jié)果，根據(jù)結(jié)果也可以找出原因。以找出原因。 猜詞能力猜詞能力邏輯詞邏輯詞: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, sothat, suchthat, thus, so thatwhen lin was little, he loved disassembling things to look at how they work. even though he often failed at putting th

19、em back together, his curiosity was never satisfied and he laid hands on everything, except computers. “my parents told me not to disassemble computers because theyre expensive, so i researched the software instead,” says lin. when he went to university, lin chose a subject that was related to engin

20、eering and programming. which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “disassemble”?a. look through b. search intoc. take apart d. focus ongroup 5cars must have certain safety such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. on the farm they mainly raise , such as chickens, du

21、cks and geese, for their eggs and meat. 家禽家禽裝置裝置規(guī)則規(guī)則 5：example 舉例法舉例法 邏輯詞邏輯詞: such, such as, like, for example，for instance, especially, include, consist of 1. another master of paper-folding is jen stark. her artwork is often in the form of colorful caves and topographic(地形的地形的) maps. using her viv

22、id imagination and a special knife, she is a modern day magician who turns humble materials like construction paper and glue into fantastic, complicated sculptures that puzzle the eyes. her work draws inspiration from nature. what does the underlined word “humble” in the last paragraph probably mean

23、?a.common and popular b. simple and cheap c. useless and priceless d. numb and meaningless2.i died eight times during my coma and i couldnt talk or communicate when i woke up. walking was never going to happen again due to all the extreme injuries. just like my body, my dreams were almost shattered.

24、 but i was not going to let my injuries prevent me from living my dreams. what does the underlined word “shattered” in paragraph 3 mean?a.begun b. destroyed c. shared d. taken根據(jù)近年來高考閱讀理解對同學(xué)們提出根據(jù)近年來高考閱讀理解對同學(xué)們提出新的要求，建議同學(xué)們在以下幾個方面新的要求，建議同學(xué)們在以下幾個方面加強(qiáng)自我訓(xùn)練！加強(qiáng)自我訓(xùn)練！猜詞能力猜詞能力“it was the best night we had ever had”, said angela carraro, who an italian restaurant.經(jīng)營經(jīng)營the american population was the ta