人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修5重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法大全

1、人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修5重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法大全unit1 great scientists【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】1. put forward提出2. conclude終止，結(jié)論3. draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論4. defeat打敗5. attend照料，護(hù)理，出席6. expose to使顯露7. cure治愈，治療8. challenge挑戰(zhàn)9. suspect懷疑，被懷疑者10. blame批評(píng)11. handle柄，把手，處理，掌控12. link聯(lián)系，連接13. link to將和連接14. announce宣布15. contribute捐獻(xiàn)，奉獻(xiàn)16. apart

2、from除了17. be strict with對(duì)嚴(yán)格18. make sense講的通，有意義19. spin使旋轉(zhuǎn)20. reject拒絕，拋棄【重點(diǎn)句型】1. what do you know about infectious diseases.你對(duì)傳染性疾病明白多少.2. john snow was a famous doctor in london so expert, indeed, that he attended queen victoria as her personal physician.約翰. 斯諾是倫敦一位聞名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精深，因而成為維多利亞女王的私人大夫；3.

3、 but he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫忙患了霍亂的一般老百姓，他就感到很興奮；4. neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不明白它的治療方法；5. heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewas found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍亂疫情是無(wú)法掌握的；6. thesecondsuggestedth

4、atpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheir bodies with their meals.其次種看法是在吃飯的時(shí)候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的；7. john snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.約翰. 斯諾猜想其次個(gè)理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)；8. it seemed that the water was to blame.看來(lái)要?dú)w罪于飲用水了；9. he immediately told the astonished people in broad st

5、reet to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰. 斯諾立刻叫寬街上驚惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，這樣水泵就用不成了；10. inanotherpartoflondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwo other deaths that were linked to the broad street outbreak.在倫敦的另一個(gè)地區(qū)，他從兩個(gè)與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中又發(fā)覺(jué)了有力證據(jù)；【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)一 .過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞

6、表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主謂關(guān)系；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,絕大多數(shù)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的行為執(zhí)行者仍可以用 by短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示；1. 過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的差異: the store is now closed.系表 the library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m. 被動(dòng) 2. 某些過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，多半用來(lái)表示人物所處的心理狀態(tài)或情感變化,其主語(yǔ)主要是人；這 類(lèi) 過(guò) 去 分 詞 通 常 為 下 列 過(guò) 去 分 詞 :delighted,devoted,discouraged,astonished,frightened,excited,in

7、spired,encouraged,interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .二 .過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞；及物動(dòng)詞的 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表完成；1. 過(guò)去分詞用作定語(yǔ)，假如是單個(gè)的，置于其所修飾的名詞之前；we must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我們必需使我們的思想適應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變了的情形；2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，置于其所修飾的名詞

8、之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中；the concert given by their friends was a success.他們伴侶舉辦的音樂(lè)會(huì)大為勝利；3. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后常有逗號(hào)；the meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.他們舉辦了歡迎英雄的大會(huì)，到會(huì)的有五千多人；unit2 the united kingdom【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】1. consist組成，在于，一樣2. consist of由組成3. divideinto

9、把分成4. break away from脫離5. to one s credit在的名下，為帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)6. attract吸引，引起留意7. leave out省去，遺漏，不考慮8. plus加上，和，正的9. take the place of代替10. break down損壞，破壞11. arrange支配12. fold折疊，對(duì)折13. delight歡樂(lè)，興奮，歡樂(lè)【重點(diǎn)句型】1. how many countries does the uk consist of.聯(lián)合王國(guó)由幾個(gè)國(guó)家組成.2. you can easily clarify this question if you s

10、tudy british history.假如你學(xué)習(xí)了英國(guó)歷史，很簡(jiǎn)單就能弄清晰這個(gè)問(wèn)題；3. happilythiswasaccomplishedwithoutconflictwhenkingjames of scotland became king of england and wales as well.令人興奮的是，這件事沒(méi)有引起沖突就完成了，那時(shí)候蘇格蘭的詹姆斯國(guó)王也成為了英格蘭和威爾士的國(guó)王；4. however, the southern part of ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government

11、.然而，愛(ài)爾蘭的南部卻不情愿而分別出去了，并建立了自己的政府；5. to their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.值得夸獎(jiǎng)的是，這四個(gè)國(guó)家的確在一些方面共同合作；6. england isthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitis divided roughly into three zones.在這四個(gè)國(guó)家中，英格蘭最大，為了便利起見(jiàn)，它大致被分為了三個(gè)地區(qū)；7. youmustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakey

12、ourtripto the united kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.假如你想要使你的英國(guó)之旅開(kāi)心又有意義，你就必需留心觀看；8. worried about the time available, zhang pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in london.由于擔(dān)憂時(shí)間不夠，張萍玉早就把她想在倫敦參觀的地點(diǎn)列了一張單子；9. it looked splendid when first built.剛建成的時(shí)候，它看起來(lái)真是金碧輝煌；10. what interested he

13、r most was the longitude line.她最感愛(ài)好的是那條經(jīng)線；【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和賓語(yǔ)有規(guī)律上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；一 .能接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有三類(lèi)：1. 表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如： see, hear, feel, watch, notice；think（認(rèn)為） , consider, find等；we saw the thief caught by the police.我觀察小偷被警察抓住了； we thought the game lost. 我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了；2. 表示“致使” 或“保持

14、某狀態(tài)”意義的動(dòng)詞， 如：make, get, have, keep, leave等；don t leave such an important thing undone.不要讓這么重要的事沒(méi)有人做；he had his hat blown away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了；3. 表示“期望、要求、命令”等動(dòng)詞，如：want,wish,like,expect,order等；i want the house white-washed before we move in.我想要房子在我搬進(jìn)去之前粉刷完；he won t like such questions

15、discussed at the meeting.他不喜愛(ài)在會(huì)上爭(zhēng)論這樣的問(wèn)題；二 . "with +賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 " 結(jié)構(gòu)"with+ 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 " 結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞用作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間，方式，條件，緣由等狀語(yǔ)；例如：1. the murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來(lái)了 , 他的雙手被綁在背后. 表方式 2. withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱,我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣 .

16、表?xiàng)l件 3. with the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解決, 我們都回家了.表緣由 unit3 life in the future【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】1. impression印象，感想2. take up拿起，開(kāi)頭，連續(xù)3. constant經(jīng)常發(fā)生的，連續(xù)不斷的4. previous在前的，早先的5. guide指導(dǎo)，向?qū)?. lack缺乏，沒(méi)有7. lose sight of看不見(jiàn)8. sweep up橫掃9. slide into移動(dòng)，溜進(jìn)10. optimistic樂(lè)觀的11. speed up加速12. desert沙漠13. in

17、stant瞬時(shí)，片刻14. settlement定居，解決【重點(diǎn)句型】1. i have to remind myself constantly that i am really in ad 3008.我得不斷提示自己我真的到公元3008年了；2. at first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.開(kāi)頭的時(shí)候,新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍耐；3. theairseemedthin,asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittle oxygen left.空氣似乎很淡薄，似乎在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少；4. hit

18、 by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新奇空氣，我感到頭痛；5. sooniwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollecta hovering carriage driven by computer.很快我又重新振作起來(lái)，然后跟隨他領(lǐng)取了一部由電腦掌握的氣墊車(chē)；6. however, i lost sight of wang ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying b

19、y in all directions.可是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像大市場(chǎng)的地方時(shí)，由于太多車(chē)子朝四周八方飛奔，我看不見(jiàn)王平了；7. he was swept up into the center of them.他被卷入到這群車(chē)隊(duì)中去了；8. arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.到了一幢看上去很古怪的房子里，他把握帶到一個(gè)光明而清潔的大房間；9. i foundlaterthattheirleavesprovidedtheroomwithmuch-needed ox

20、ygen.后來(lái)我才發(fā)覺(jué)，就是這些樹(shù)的葉子為這棟房屋供應(yīng)了最急需的氧氣；【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，可表示時(shí)間，緣由，條件等，可進(jìn)展為一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句；過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其規(guī)律主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ)；過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的詳細(xì)用法：1. 過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；例如：asked when he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.當(dāng)他被問(wèn)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候,他低下了頭；2. 過(guò)去分詞作緣由狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句；例如：frightened =because / as she was frightened by the

21、tiger, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone.由于可怕老虎,這個(gè)女孩不敢單獨(dú)睡覺(jué)；3. 過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；例如：grown if these seeds are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.假如種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快；4. 過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；例如：left although he was left at home, john didn't feel afraid at all.雖然 john被單獨(dú)留在房間里,他一點(diǎn)

22、都不可怕；5. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示相伴動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；例如：the teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.老師進(jìn)入教室，后面跟著一幫同學(xué)；unit4 making the news【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】1. delighted歡樂(lè)的，欣喜的2. assist幫忙，幫助3. process加工，處理，過(guò)程，程序4. concentrate on集中，集合5. acquire獲得，學(xué)到6. assess評(píng)估，評(píng)定7. inform通知8. depend on依靠9. accuseof控告10. s

23、o as to為了11. demand需求，要求12. ahead of在前面13. approve許可，批準(zhǔn)【重點(diǎn)句型】1. neverwillzhouyangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofa popular english newspaper.周陽(yáng)永久不會(huì)遺忘他在一家知名的英語(yǔ)報(bào)報(bào)社第一天上班的工作任務(wù)；2. you ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you re i

24、nterested.你將會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)你的同事們會(huì)熱忱地幫忙你，假如你對(duì)攝影感愛(ài)好，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研；3. not only am i interested in photography, but i took an amateur course at university to update my skills.對(duì)攝影我不只是感愛(ài)好，在高校里我仍專(zhuān)修過(guò)業(yè)余攝影課來(lái)更新我的技術(shù)；4. onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquireallthe information you need to know.只有提很多不同的問(wèn)題，你才能收集到你需要的信

25、息；5. they must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.他們必需通過(guò)調(diào)查爭(zhēng)論來(lái)獲悉被遺漏的那部分情形；6. meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the persons said.同時(shí)，你仍要依據(jù)被采訪人所說(shuō)的話預(yù)備提出下一個(gè)問(wèn)題；7. have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the

26、wrong end of the stick.你們有沒(méi)有過(guò)這樣的情形：有人控告你的記者，說(shuō)他們的報(bào)道完全失實(shí)呢？8. this is how the story goes.事情是這樣的；9. he denied taking money but we were sceptical.他否認(rèn)收了錢(qián)，但我們對(duì)此表示懷疑；10. itwasadilemmabecausethefootballercouldhavedemanded damages if we were wrong.這事有些犯難，由于假如我們錯(cuò)了，這名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員就可以向我們索要賠償；【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】倒裝句 （點(diǎn)擊 “倒裝句”即可查看全部?jī)?nèi)容）

27、unit5 first aid【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】1. first aid急救2. fall ill生病3. poison毒藥，使中毒4. electric shock觸電，電休克5. swell使膨脹，隆起6. squeeze榨，擠7. squeeze out榨出，擠出8. over and over again反復(fù)，多次9. in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?0. pour倒，灌11. a number of很多12. put one s hands on找到13. treat治療，對(duì)待，招待14. apply應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用，申請(qǐng)15. make a difference區(qū)分對(duì)待，有影響，起（重要）作用【重點(diǎn)句型】1. burnsarecalledfirstdegree,seconddegreeorthirddegreeburns depending on which layers of the skins are bu