外文翻譯--杏核去核設(shè)備

1、.APRICOT PITTING MACHINEMalcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S6110 Claims. (CI. 146-28) This invention relates to an apricot cutting machine and more particularly relates to a machine wherein an apricot is a

2、ligned on its suture axis by a prior machine and then passes under a floating knife which cuts the apricot substantially on its suture plane and thereafter a pit kicker removes the pit from the apricot. Most apricots are of a free pit nature and it is only necessary to cut the fruit in half and the

3、pit will ordinarily fall out. However, there is always a certain percentage of apricots wherein the pit is not free and tends to stick to one or both halves of the cut apricot. Apricot cutting machines having a floating non-rotating knife have heretofore been known such as that described in Patent 2

4、,735,466 wherein the apricot is rolled under a floating knife, the knife severing the apricot and thereafter a hook or tail forming a part of the knife dislodges the free pit as the apricot passes underneath the hook. Such a structure works well with free pit apricots but tends to jam-up when an apr

5、icot with a stuck pit is encountered. On hand-fed machines, this occurrence is easily rectified by the operator but on modern automatic machinery, many apricots are damaged before such a jam will clear itself. It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an apricot cutting machine wher

6、ein the pits are dislodged in a positive manner. Another object of this invention is to provide an apricot cutting machine having an oscillating pit kicker which positively dislodges stuck pits. A still further object of this inven'ion is to provide an apricot cutting machine wherein a shroud co

7、vering the knife has a plurality of resilient fingers, imparting a positive rolling motion to the apricot thus facilitating cutting. A still further object of this invention is to provide such a structure wherein the shroud can be adjusted relative to the knife whereby the machine will accommodate a

8、pricots of various sizes.Still another object of this invention is to provide a device wherein the knife and kicker are mounted on a common carriage which can be raised or lowered to accommodate apricots of various sizes.In the drawings forming part of this application:FIGURE 1 is a side view, partl

9、y in section, of a device embodying the present invention.FIGURE 2 is an end view on the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.FIGURE 3 is an enlarged side view of the cutting and pit dislodging mechanism shown in FIGURE 1.FIGURE 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3.FIGURE 5 is an enlarged section through an a

10、pricot showing the action of the cutting knife.FIGURE 6 is a section through an apricot showing the action of the pit kicker.FIGURE 7 is a partial view similar to FIGURE 6 showing another form of pit kicker.FIGURE 8 is a section of a still further form of pit kicker.FIGURE 9 is a section on the line

11、 9-9 of FIGURE 1.FIGURE 10 is an enlarged side view of a pit kicker constructed in accordance with the present invention.FIGURE 11 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the cutting knife and shroud. Referring now to the drawings by reference characters, the device of the present inv

12、ention, generally designated 12, is mounted over the discharge end of an apricot orienting and propelling mechanism generally designated 14. The orienting mechanism 14 is not described in detail since it forms no part of the present invention. However,it can be of the type shown in co-pending patent

13、 application, Ser. No. 452,479, filed May 3, 1965, now Patent No.3,272,311, wherein a plurality of lanes are provided,each of which includes moving belts 16 and 18 arranged in a generally V-shaped configuration for the purpose of propelling the apricots down a desired path. In the embodiment illustr

14、ated。five such lanes are Provided although it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that a smaller or larger number of lanes might be employed. The overall structure includes side frame members 20 and 22 which slideably support threaded shafts 24 and 26 mounted on guides 28 and 30. At the uppe

15、r end of each threaded shaft is a sprocket 36 which is internally threaded. The sprockets 36 have a hexagon on their upper surfaces so they may be turned with a wrench.The lower hub of the sprocket has a flange 32 which fits into a grooved block 34 affixed to the guide 28. As the nut sprocket is tur

16、ned on the threaded shafts 24 and 26 the shafts are moved upwards or downwards depending on direction the sprocket is turned. The sprockets are tied together by means of a roller chain 38 which passes over a tightner sprocket 40. By this arrangement when one sprocket is turned, the other sprocket is

17、 turned a like amount. A carriage for supporting the cutter assemblies is provided by the transverse bars 42 and 44 which are linked together with connectors 46. The connectors 46 are securely attached to the threaded shafts 24 and 26 so as to rise and fall with the shafts and maintain their paralle

18、l relationship with the belts 16 and 18. Attached to the carriage is a motor mount 52 which rises and falls with the carriage. The cutter assembly 12 is mounted on a sub-frame 54 to which are attached vertical guides 56, 57, 58, and 59 which are arranged in pairs, forming close fitting slots in whic

19、h knife 62 can slide up and down freely. The knife 62 has slots 60 therein and is held in place on the vertical guides by means of the bolts 64 and 66. Thus the knife can move up or down by the length of the slots.Compression springs 68 and 70 normally bias the knife to the bottom of the slots 60 an

20、d give the knife blade a floating action. Desirably, the springs include guides 72 to keep the springs from deflecting to one side. The knife itself has a tip portion 74 and a horizontal portion 76. The tip portion 74 makes an angle of about 200 with the horizontal portion 76. It will thus be seen t

21、hat theknife has a floating action and can tilt or raise against the action of the springs.Mounted on the knife is the shroud designated 78. The shroud itself consists of a pair of metal backing members 80 and 82 which are mirror images of each other. Blade 62 is provided with slots 84 and 86 and th

22、e halves of the shroud are bolted into these slots by means of the bolts 88. It will thus be seen that the shrouds can be located at various heights with respect to the blade edge by adjustment of the bolts 88. The shrouds themselves comprise a rubber liner 90 secured by a suitable adhesive to the b

23、acking members and include a plurality of small rubber fingers 92 for gripping the fruit. The front end of the shroud is curved upwardly as at 94 to produce a wedging action as the fruit first encounters the shroud.The shrouds extend the length of the knife and continue over the pit kicker blade. Th

24、e pit kicker itself which forms the crux of the present invention has been generally designated 96. The pit kicker includes a vertical forward surfaces 98 and an angular forward edge 100 which forms roughly a 30º angle with the knife blade. The pit kicker 96 is mounted on an arm 102 carried on

25、a pivot 104 and includes an upwardly extending arm 106 terminating in a cam follower 108. A compression spring 110 mounted between arm 102 and support plate 55 urges the pit kicker downwardly and the cam follower 108 into contact with a cam 112. Cam 112 is mounted on shaft 114 which is driven by pri

26、me mover 116 through belt 118. In this manner, the pit kicker 96 is given an oscillatory motion and, since the arc through which it moves is quite small, this motion is almost entirely vertical. The pit engaging portion of the pit kicker can take various forms. In the form shown in FIGURE 6 as well

27、as in the FIGURE 3, the fruit engaging portion 100 has flat face with square edges so that it either hits the pit with its flat face or, if it hits to one side of the pit, the sharp edge between the face and the side of the kicker will tend to engage and dig into the pit. This effect can be further

28、enhanced in the embodiment shown in FIGURE7. Here the pit engaging edge, designated 100-A is hollow-ground having sharp ridges on each side of the hollow center. As can be seen from FIGURE 7, these sharp ridges will tend to engage a pit and dislodge it. The effect can be even further enhanced in the

29、 form shown in FIGURES 8 and 10 wherein the pit is given a serrated edge as at 100-B. It is obvious that such an edge having a series of sharp points will tend to dig into the pit and positively disengage it from the apricot. The action of the device is as follows: As an apricot passes down the V-be

30、lts 16 and 18 it is first engaged by the sloping tip end of blade 62 designated 74.The forward tip of this blade is higher than the highest position of any apricot to be encountered. Thus the apricot wedges under the blade and as the belts propel the apricot forward the knife slices almost into the

31、pit, whereupon the shrouds engage the apricot retarding the upper surface, and give it a positive rotating action. Thus the apricot tends to roll along the flat portion 76 of the knife making at least one complete revolution, completely severing the apricot. Desirably, the knife goes just to the -pi

32、t and the action of the shroud is not only to cause the rotating action but also to prevent the knife from penetrating the apricot deeper than is desired. Thus an important aspect of the invention is the adjustability feature wherein the shrouds can be adjusted to give any desired depth of cut.Furth

33、er, by adjusting the entire carriage, the pressure on the apricots can be adjusted so that an undue amount of pressure will not be exerted by the shrouds, tending to crush the apricots when running large fruit. Since apricots are ordinarily pre-sorted for size, the machine of the present invention i

34、s ideally adjusted to run a single size of fruit by means of the two adjustments described above,although considerable variations in size of fruit can be encountered with reasonably satisfactory results. It has been found that about 4 inch of pit kicker travel is adequate to secure a good job of pit

35、 removal. On a machine running at a belt speed of slightly over 800 inches per minute, a frequency of 1200 chops per minute was employed with satisfactory results. This gives the blade about three chops at each pit. The action which probably happens to a stuck pit is somewhat as follows:With the bla

36、de in an up or partially down position, the pit engages the kicker and is stopped in its forward motion.The down stroke would then push the pit some portion of 1/4 inch out of its contact position. When the knife retracts the apricot and pit are urged forward further by the action of the belt combin

37、ed with the sloping portion of the pit kicker so that the nit is further dislodged by each stroke. Two or three strokes of the pit kicker probably move the pit downwardly from Va to N inches from its original location, which is adequate to detach it from the apricot half. When comparing the oscillat

38、ing pit kicker of the present invention with a stationary knife with a fixed heel such as shown in the prior art, the number of stuck pits remaining in the cut fruit was reduced by a factor of five to ten.Although the oscillating pit kicker has been described for use in conjunction with a particular

39、 type of slitting knife, and is preferably so used,the kicker may be employed with other slitting devices.It is believed obvious from the foregoing that I have provided a superior machine for slitting apricots and one which essentially solves the problem of stuck pits.I claim:1. In a drupe pitting m

40、achine having means for propelling drupes over a path of travel wherein each drupe is positioned with its suture in a vertical plane as such drupe is delivered to a cutting station whereat a knife is positioned above the path of travel of the drupe with its blade extending generally in said vertical

41、 plane and with the cutting edge on said blade extending parallel to said path of travel whereby the flesh of each drupe is severed into the pit therein at said cutting station; the improvement comprising:(a) a pit kicker comprising a planar blade having a downwardly extending edge for disengaging a

42、 pit in a drupe which has been cut by the knife;(b) means mounting the pit kicker blade in said vertical plane with the forward end of said edge adjacent the end of the knife;(c) and means for oscillating the pit kicker blade up and down independently of said knife to impart a rapid chopping motion.

43、2. The structure of claim I wherein the pit kicker blade has a pit engaging edge which extends at about a 30º angle to the path of travel of the drupes.3. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is a straight edge.4. The structure of claim 2 wherein said edge has sharp ridges thereon.5. The

44、structure of claim 2 wherein said edge is serrated.6. The structure of claim 1 wherein:(a) the knife is spring mounted in said plane over the path of travel of the drupes and parallel thereto;(b) and shrouds extending from each side of the knife and sloping downwardly therefrom to cause the fruit to

45、 rotate in its passage under the knife;(c) the forward portion of said knife extending ahead of said shrouds, whereby the knife enters a drupe before the shrouds engage the drupe.7. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with a surface which increases the frictional grip of the shr

46、oud on a drupe to insure the rotation of the drupe.8. The structure of claim 1 wherein said pit kicker blade is oscillated at a rate such that the pit in each drupe is engaged with the blade several times as the drupe passes the blade.9. The structure of claim 6 wherein each shroud is provided with

47、means whereby the shroud can be raised and lowered with respect to the knife.10. The structure of claim 6 wherein the shroud extends over both the knife and the pit kicker.References CitedUNITED STATES PATENTS1,334,162 3/1920 Moltzaer - 146-72 X2,474,492 6/1949 Perrelli et al. _ 146-172,664,127 12/1

48、953 Perrelli - 146-282,735,466 2/1956 Krstinich - 146-722,745,453 5/1956 Perrelli et al. _ 146-282,882,944 4/1959 Lorenzen - 146-283,194,290 7/1965 McClelland et al. _ 146-2383,241,586 3/1966 Petersen et al. _ 146-28W. GRAYDON ABERCROMBIE.Primary Examiner.杏核去核設(shè)備Malcolm W.Loveland,Emeryvile,assignor

49、to Atlas-Pacific Engineering Co,a corporation of Califorma Filed May 25, 1966, Ser. No. 552,S6110 Claims. (CI. 146-28)本發(fā)明涉及一個(gè)杏切割機(jī)，更具體地涉及的機(jī)器，其特征在于，杏其縫合軸由現(xiàn)有的機(jī)器上對(duì)齊，然后下通過一個(gè)浮動(dòng)刀切斷杏基本上其縫合平面上，其后凹坑噴射器去除從杏坑。大多數(shù)杏坑性質(zhì)，它是只需要半坑切水果通常會(huì)掉下來。然而，總是有一定比例的杏，其特征在于，所述的坑是不是免費(fèi)的，往往會(huì)粘到的一個(gè)或兩個(gè)半切杏。杏切割機(jī)具有一個(gè)浮動(dòng)的非旋轉(zhuǎn)刀迄今已知如專利2735466中描述的

50、，其特征在于，所述軋制的浮動(dòng)刀，刀切斷杏杏此后形成刀的一部分的鉤或尾部上移開免費(fèi)坑下方鉤杏通行證。這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)工程以及與免費(fèi)坑杏子，但往往果醬杏坑卡住時(shí)遇到。在手饋電機(jī)中，這種情況的發(fā)生是由運(yùn)營商很容易糾正，但現(xiàn)代化的自動(dòng)機(jī)械，許多杏子被損壞，在這樣一個(gè)將清除卡紙本身。這是本發(fā)明的一個(gè)主要目的是提供一種杏切割機(jī)，其特征在于，以積極的態(tài)度凹坑脫落。本發(fā)明的另一個(gè)目的是提供一種的杏切割機(jī)具有的振蕩的凹坑噴射器正面上移開卡坑。本發(fā)明的再一個(gè)目的是提供一種杏切割機(jī)，其特征在于，具有多個(gè)護(hù)罩覆蓋刀賦予正的滾動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的彈性指狀物，從而有利于切割杏。本發(fā)明的再一個(gè)目的是提供這樣一種結(jié)構(gòu)，其特征在于，所述護(hù)罩可以

51、調(diào)整相對(duì)于刀，設(shè)備將由此適應(yīng)各種尺寸的杏。本發(fā)明的再一個(gè)目的是提供一種裝置，其特征在于，所述刀和噴射器安裝在一個(gè)共同的滑架可以升高或降低，以適應(yīng)各種尺寸的杏。此應(yīng)用程序的組成部分在附圖中：圖1是側(cè)視圖，部分截面，體現(xiàn)本發(fā)明的一種裝置。圖2是圖1中2-2線的端視圖。圖3是切割和圖1中所示的凹坑拋下機(jī)構(gòu)的放大側(cè)視圖。圖4是圖3的4-4線的截面。圖5是杏示出的切割刀的動(dòng)作的放大剖視圖。圖6是通過杏示出的坑噴射器的動(dòng)作部分。圖7是類似于圖6示出另一種形式的坑噴射器的局部視圖。圖8是邊的坑噴射器的再一個(gè)形式。圖9是圖1中的9-9線的截面。圖10是根據(jù)本發(fā)明構(gòu)造的一個(gè)坑噴射器的放大側(cè)視圖。圖11是一透視圖

52、，示出的切割刀和護(hù)罩之間的關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在參照附圖通過參考字符，本發(fā)明的裝置，通常指定為12，安裝在杏定向和推進(jìn)機(jī)構(gòu)14的排出端。定向機(jī)構(gòu)14還沒有詳細(xì)描述，因?yàn)樗粯?gòu)成本發(fā)明的一部分。但是，它可以是在共同未決的專利申請(qǐng)，絲氨酸所示的類型。第452479號(hào)，1965年5月3日申請(qǐng)，現(xiàn)在專利3，272,311，其特征在于，所述多個(gè)通道中所提供的每一個(gè)包括移動(dòng)皮帶16和18排列在一個(gè)大致V形的配置的目的，推動(dòng)杏子下來所需的路徑。示出在本實(shí)施例中，五個(gè)這樣的車道所提供的，雖然這將是明顯的，本領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)人員在現(xiàn)有技術(shù)中，可以采用更小或更大的車道數(shù)。它的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，包括側(cè)框架部件20和22可滑動(dòng)地支持螺紋導(dǎo)板2

53、8和30安裝在軸24和26。各螺紋軸的上端處是一個(gè)有內(nèi)螺紋的鏈輪36。的鏈輪36具有在其上表面上的六邊形，這樣他們可能會(huì)變成與wrench.The下輪轂鏈輪裝入一個(gè)開槽塊34固定到導(dǎo)向器28的凸緣32。的螺紋軸24和26導(dǎo)通，因?yàn)槁菽告溳喌妮S移動(dòng)的鏈輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)因不同的方向上的向上或向下。通過越過一個(gè)tightner鏈輪40的滾子鏈38的鏈輪是聯(lián)系在一起的。通過這種布置時(shí)，打開一個(gè)鏈輪，鏈輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)量等。提供用于支承切割器組件的滑架的橫向桿42和44與連接器46是連在一起的。牢固地連接到連接器46的螺紋軸24和26，所以上升和下降與軸保持平行關(guān)系皮帶16和18。安裝在托架上的馬達(dá)安裝部52與滑架的上升和

54、下降。被安裝在切割器組件12的子幀54，其上連接的垂直導(dǎo)向件56，57，58，和59成對(duì)排列，形成緊密配合的槽刀62可以向上滑動(dòng)和向下自由。刀62具有在其中的槽60，和被保持在螺栓64和66上的垂直導(dǎo)向裝置。因此，刀可以向上移動(dòng)或向下的槽的長(zhǎng)度。壓縮彈簧68和70正常偏置的刀槽60的底部，并提供對(duì)刀片的浮動(dòng)動(dòng)作。理想的是，彈簧包括導(dǎo)板72，以保持彈簧向一側(cè)偏轉(zhuǎn)。刀本身具有的前端部74和水平部76。的前端部74與水平部76的角度為約200。因此，可以看出，刀有一個(gè)浮動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，并且可以傾斜或提高防止彈簧的動(dòng)作。安裝對(duì)刀護(hù)罩指定78。該護(hù)罩本身由一對(duì)金屬背襯構(gòu)件80和82是彼此的鏡像。葉片62設(shè)置有

55、槽84和86，并通過螺栓88，用螺栓固定在護(hù)罩的一半插入這些插槽。因此，可以看出，整流罩可以位于不同高度的調(diào)整螺栓88相對(duì)于刃尖。整流罩本身包括由合適的粘合劑固定到襯背構(gòu)件的橡膠襯套90，并包括多個(gè)小的橡膠手指92把持水果。在護(hù)罩的前端是彎曲的，在94向上楔作用產(chǎn)生的果實(shí)第一次遇到的護(hù)罩，護(hù)罩延伸長(zhǎng)的刀和繼續(xù)在坑起腳刀片?？悠鹉_本身已經(jīng)形成的癥結(jié)，本發(fā)明一般指定96。的的凹坑噴射器包括一個(gè)垂直的前表面98的角度形成大約30°的角度與刀片的前邊緣100。被安裝在一個(gè)樞軸104上的臂102進(jìn)行的凹坑噴射器96包括一個(gè)向上延伸的臂106終止于一凸輪從動(dòng)件108。一個(gè)壓縮彈簧110的安裝臂1

56、02和支承板55之間向下敦促坑噴射器和凸輪從動(dòng)件108與凸輪112接觸。凸輪112安裝在軸114通過皮帶118驅(qū)動(dòng)的原動(dòng)機(jī)116。在這種方式中，的凹坑噴射器96給出的振蕩運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)?，通過它移動(dòng)的圓弧是相當(dāng)小的，這個(gè)裝置幾乎完全是垂直的?？涌悠鹉_接合部可以采取多種形式。如圖6所示，在圖3中的，卡合部100的果實(shí)方的邊緣，以便它或者撞擊坑的與平坦面，或，如果它擊中坑的一側(cè)，具有平坦面的形式鋒利的邊緣臉和側(cè)面起腳將傾向于從事挖成坑。在圖7中所示的實(shí)施例中，可以進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)這種效應(yīng)。這里的凹坑嚙合邊緣，標(biāo)號(hào)100-A是中空地上中空的中心的每一側(cè)上具有鋒利的脊。從圖7中可以看出，這些棱脊往往會(huì)從事一個(gè)坑，撞出。效果還可以進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)的形式示于圖8和10的方法，其中，凹坑被給于100-B的鋸齒形邊緣。很明顯，這樣的邊緣有