高中英語(yǔ)Unit3PeriodTwoLearningaboutLanguage同步學(xué)案新人教版必修

1、Period TwoLearning about Language v­ing作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)一、v.­ing作定語(yǔ)1動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)常表示所修飾的名詞的用途，常位于所修飾的名詞之前，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“for.”的結(jié)構(gòu)。a sleeping bag(a bag for sleeping)睡袋a writing desk(a desk for writing)寫字臺(tái)a washing machine(a machine for washing)洗衣機(jī)a walking stick(a stick for walking)拐杖2動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示所修飾名詞的

2、功能、用途。現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成定語(yǔ)從句。The man standing there will sing us a song.站在那兒的那個(gè)男人將為我們唱一首歌。(現(xiàn)在分詞)Do you know the dancing girl?你認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)跳舞的女孩嗎？(現(xiàn)在分詞)Nobody can stop the running horse.沒有人能阻止那匹奔跑的馬。(現(xiàn)在分詞)They are swimming in the swimming pool.他們正在游泳池里游泳。(第二個(gè)swimming為動(dòng)名詞)二、v.­ing作表語(yǔ)Her job is te

3、aching.她從事教學(xué)工作。Mary is translating a book.瑪麗在翻譯一本書。1動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示一般性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英語(yǔ)。2動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，可以把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)交換；而現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征，此時(shí)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)不可以交換位置。She is washing the dishes.她正在洗餐具。Teaching is my job.教學(xué)是我的工作。三、v.­ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1動(dòng)名詞不作賓補(bǔ)，而現(xiàn)在分詞可以作賓補(bǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要用在某些動(dòng)詞

4、如see，hear，notice，watch，keep，find，get，have，feel等后，與一個(gè)名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí)v.­ing形式和句子的賓語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且v.­ing表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2v.­ing和不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可以用動(dòng)詞的­ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，也可以用不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，兩者之間存在著一定的區(qū)別，即：現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而不定式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過程結(jié)束了。注意在see，hear，feel，watch，not

5、ice等感官動(dòng)詞后，跟省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，應(yīng)再加上to。.單詞拼寫1This is a special(特殊的)day in the history of our country.2Some species(種類)of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment.3The comedian performed for our entertainment(娛樂)4Honesty(誠(chéng)實(shí))is the best policy.5The falling leave

6、s inspired(激起)her with sadness.6He drank a mouthful(一口)of wine from each glass.7They were undoubtedly the most outstanding couple in the field of physics all over the world.8At last they overcame(戰(zhàn)勝) all the Latin tribes in Italy.9I wish I had this chance of coming into a fortune.10Have you a partic

7、ular reason for choosing the book?.詞語(yǔ)填空1It is not an easy job to_direct a large bank(樂隊(duì))2He knocked_into a chair in the dark，which hurt his knee badly.3Chewing the food slowly is a good habit of taking a meal.4After 8 years of hard fighting the Chinese people overcame the Japanese invaders in the en

8、d.5Children like to_slide/sliding down the slope(斜坡)6When we visited our old friend，he entertained us with music.7The actor starring_in The Gold Rush is Chaplin.8The ship began to_swing at sea and some of the passengers began to feel seasick.9I did not dare to speak aloud or even whisper to Alison w

9、hat was in my mind.10Some vegetables cant be_boiled long，which can make them not delicious.把下列句子譯成漢語(yǔ)，并寫出其中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的功能1Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise.叫在那邊玩的孩子別弄出那么多的噪音。playing_there作定語(yǔ)修飾children。2We need someone to help with our work.我們需要有人幫我們做這項(xiàng)工作。to_help_with_our_work作定語(yǔ)修飾so

10、meone。3The fathers task is to help his son find a good job.那位父親的任務(wù)是幫他兒子找到一份好工作。to_help_his_son_find_a_good_job作表語(yǔ)。4It is surprising to discover so many ancient Chinese coins in Australia.在澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)那么多中國(guó)古硬幣真令人吃驚。surprising作表語(yǔ)。to_discover_so_many_ancient_Chinese_coins_in_Australia是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。5A well&#

11、173;kept secret is one that you never tell anyone.一個(gè)保守得很好的秘密是一個(gè)你從來(lái)也不告訴任何人的秘密。well­kept作定語(yǔ)修飾secret。6I noticed them forcing the door open with a hammer.我注意到他們正在用錘子敲開門。forcing_the_door_open_with_a_hammer作them的賓補(bǔ)。7Did you see a boy pass here just now?剛才你看到有一個(gè)男孩從這里經(jīng)過了嗎？pass_here作a_boy的賓補(bǔ)。8I could he

12、ar the couple whispering to each other during the first part of the play.我能聽到那一對(duì)夫妻在演出第一幕時(shí)相互低聲說話。whispering_to_each_other作the_couple的賓補(bǔ)。.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1We heard them quarrelling (quarrel) about money after the concert；they looked very angry.2The villagers saw the fire burning (burn) brightly in the dis

13、tance.When they hurried there，they found some houses burned (burn) to the ground already.3I didnt see anyone take (take) away your paper.It might have been flown by the wind.4During the days to_come (come) well make good preparations for the sports meeting.5The woman looking (look) at her map is a r

14、elative of my mother.6Einstein was one of the greatest scientist respected (respect) by the people.7Doing nothing is doing (do) ill.8To do that would be to_cut (cut) the foot to fit the shoe.9We were all very surprised (surprise) at the news.I found it very surprising (surprise)10He gave us an inspi

15、ring (inspire) speech.We were all inspired (inspire).完成句子1My friend is good at playing_on_words (說俏皮話)，which usually makes people laugh a lot.2Usually he is serious，but at_times/sometimes_he_makes_some_jokes (有時(shí)說些笑話)3The teachers praise inspired_him_greatly (給他以極大的鼓舞)4As a novelist，Lu Yao is famous_

16、for_his_novel_Life (以他的小說人生而著名)5He never helps others though_he_seems_to_be_kind_to_them (盡管他似乎對(duì)他們客氣)6The_building_facing_(to)_the_south (朝南的那座大樓) is our library.7Some stories by Mr.Lu Xun were_set_in_the_countryside_in_Zhejiang_Province (以浙江省的農(nóng)村為背景)8I dont know how_long_the_meeting_will_last (這次會(huì)議要

17、開多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)，but I hope it will be as short as possible.單項(xiàng)填空1The man _ there is our headmaster.Would you like to go over and say hello to him?Astand Bto stand Cis standing Dstanding答案D解析本題考查v.­ing形式作定語(yǔ)的用法。A、C兩項(xiàng)因?yàn)椴皇欠侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式而被排除。B項(xiàng)不定式表示未進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，顯然不合題意。2The places _ in the book are among the most beautiful

18、 in China，so the foreigner bought it at once.Adescribing Bdescribed Cto describe Dbe described答案B解析此題考查過去分詞作定語(yǔ)的用法。因?yàn)閜lace與describe之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此describe應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)式。3The _ news made them _.It turned out that China ranked first on the list of gold medals.Aexcited；exciting Bexciting；to be excitedCexciting；exci

19、ted Dexciting；excite答案C解析“令人興奮的”用exciting；“(人)興奮的”用excited。4The noise of desks _ could be heard out in the street.We knew there must be a school nearby.Aopening and closingBopened and closedCto be opened and closedDbeing opened and closed答案D解析因?yàn)槁曇艨梢员宦牭剑虼碎_關(guān)課桌的聲音應(yīng)該是正在發(fā)出。又因?yàn)閐esk與open/close之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此c

20、lose/open應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)式。綜上所述，應(yīng)使用being done的形式作定語(yǔ)。5Is this the path _ to the village?Yes，it is.Aleads Bled Cleading Dto lead答案C解析leading to the villagewhich leads to the village，v.­ing形式用作定語(yǔ)。6I have never heard the song _ in such a strange way.Asinging Bsang Cto sing Dsung答案D解析song與sing之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此sing使用

21、被動(dòng)式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。7She smelt something _ in the kitchen and shouted “Fire！” in a loud voice.Aburning Bto burn Cburned Dburn答案A解析burn指“燒焦”，此處表示“正在燃燒”，因此用v.­ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。8His job was _ people with all kinds of tricks he can think of.Aentertain BentertainingCentertained Dto entertaining答案B解析考查v.­ing形

22、式作表語(yǔ)，A、C、D三項(xiàng)中的形式不符合語(yǔ)法。9Next week Ill go to work in the town，so Ill have my brother there _ a house for me.Ato find Bfinding Cfound Dfind答案D解析have sb. do sth.為常用句型，do前的不定式符號(hào)to被省略。10The director scolded Jane because she left the office with the door _.Aunlocking Bnot being lockedCunlocked Dnot locking

23、答案C解析本題考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)“with賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的形式。door與unlock之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以u(píng)nlock應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。11Many children have formed the habit of reading but _ notes meanwhile.Anot take Bnot to takeCnot taking Dnot to taking答案C解析句意為：許多孩子養(yǎng)成了閱讀的習(xí)慣，但是沒有養(yǎng)成同時(shí)做筆記的習(xí)慣。動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。連詞but連接介詞of的兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，即：Many children have formed the habit of reading

24、but they have not formed the habit of taking notes meanwhile.。注意否定副詞not置于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前。12_ about buying cars，I prefer a car less than 100,000 yuan to one over the amount.ATo talk BTalked CHaving talked DTalking答案D解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。13_ after a long walk，Henry called and said he couldnt co

25、me.AHaving worn out BBeing worn out CTo wear out DWorn out答案D解析句意為：長(zhǎng)途跋涉之后，Henry感到精疲力竭，打電話說他不能來(lái)了。過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。wear oneself/sb. out (to make oneself or sb. feel very tired)使疲乏，使精疲力盡，因此主語(yǔ)Henry與wear為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Worn out after a long walk.相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句Because Henry was worn out after a long walk.。14I really appreciate _ t

26、o help me，but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.Ayou to offer Byour offering Cthat you offer Dthat you are offering答案B解析句意為：我很感激你提出幫助我，但是我相信我能自己解決。動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。appreciate (ones) doing sth.其中的ones為offering的邏輯主語(yǔ)。15John did quite well in his exams，_ how little he studied.Aconsider Bconsiderin

27、gCconsidered Dto consider答案B解析句意為：鑒于John沒怎么學(xué)習(xí)，他在考試中的表現(xiàn)已經(jīng)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)了。considering.鑒于，考慮到，為固定用法，不受句子主語(yǔ)的影響。如：Shes very active considering her age.就她的年齡來(lái)說，她是十分活躍的。.閱讀填空Richards father died when he was five.Later on he lost his mother.An old woman felt sorry for the poor boy and often helped him.Of course he ha

28、d no money to go to school.He had to work for a rich farmer.The man paid him nothing except food and clothes._1_He found some old books near the school and taught himself to read and write._2_It connected the village and the town.One morning people found there was a big stone on it.It stopped them from going to town.They had to move it away, or they had to cross the mountain if they had something to do in the town.But the stone weighed thirty tons at least and the s