新概念英語第一冊101-110課自學(xué)筆記(很全、很好)

1、lesson 101write wrote writte n1. read jimmy ' s card to me , penny.read后面接了兩個賓語，一個是 jimmy' scardr個是me,所以，這句話還可以這樣來說：read me jimmy ' s card please.2直接引語和間接引語“i have just arrived in scotia nd and i' m stayi ng at a youth" hostel這是一個直接引語 的例子。直接引語是英文中用書面語的形式來表示口語的方式，實(shí)際的話要放在引 號之間，句尾的

2、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號也要放在引號之內(nèi)。下面三句都屬于間接引語：he says he ' s just arrived in scotlandhe says he ' s staying at a youth hostel.he says he ' ii write a letter soon.3. the 丫. h a 二the youth hostels association青年招待所協(xié)會。簡稱 “青招協(xié)”。the youth hostel是一種為參加野外探險度假活動的青年人提供廉價 住宿的招待所。這種青年招待所實(shí)行會員制，首先要加入“青招協(xié)”才有資格享受這種待遇。在組織機(jī)構(gòu)的

3、前而，我們通常要加上定冠詞the,例如：the united nationsthe international olympic committee聯(lián)合國國際奧委會4 .speak up,大聲地說。還可以這樣說：louder, please.5hear 和 listentohear聽見，聽到強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果i ' m afraid i can ' t hear you.listen to 聽強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動作listen to me, please6下列從句中，都省略了thatohe says he' s just arrived in scotia nd he says he&#

4、39; s staying at a youth hostel. he says he, ii write a letter soon.you know he' s a member of the y.h.a.i ' m afraildcan ' t hear yo.ui hope you are all well .he hopes we are all well 7 dove, jimmy 愛你的吉米。yours , jimmy 你的，吉米。這是朋友間通信時常用的結(jié)束語。8. he doesn ' t say very much,does h 遴是一個反意疑

5、問句它的回答如下：no, he doesn '翩勺t.,他沒有寫多少。yes, he does.不，他寫了很多。she went to paris last month,didn' t she?yes, she did.是的，他去巴黎了。no , she didn '不t，他沒有去。這是英文中的反意疑問句，它是由兩部分組成的，前面是一個陳述句，逗號之后是一個簡略問句。反 意疑問句可以用來確認(rèn)自己的判斷，獲取真實(shí)的信息，還可以用來表示驚訝、憤怒等感情。如果前一部第1頁共23頁分陳述句是肯定形式，簡略問句就要用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分則用肯定形式。9. h

6、e can ' t write very much on a cardi write to my family regularly.write to 給某人寫信the teacher wrote the answers on the blackboard .10. 本課基本句型：（都省略that）i ' m afraid he says he hopes i ' m afraidl can ' t hear yo.uhe says he' ii write a letter soon.he hopes we are all well "反意疑問

7、句肯定式，+ 否定式？否定式，+肯定式？be 動誰sthe pen is yours, isn itpit is.no, it isn't.yes, ithat was a wonderful night, wasn'tit?yes, it was.no, it wasn ' t.you aren 為teacher ,are you? am .no, i ' m not.一般動槪slucy likes english ,doesn 曲e?、it does.no, it doesn' t.yes, tom is skating, isn hte?yes,

8、he is.no, he isn 't.su don'sttudy chinese, do you? ve do.no, we don ' t.情態(tài) 動誕syour brother can swim, can 'hte?he can.no, he can ' t.yes, fthe workers had to take the first bus, didn thtey?yes, they did.no, they didn' t.your brother can 'h/vim, can he? e can.no, he can 

9、9; t.現(xiàn)在 完成 時tom has lived here for many years, hasn te?iyes, he hasno, he has ' t.ie hasn teen to the great wall, has he? yes, he has.no, he has 't.12 直接引語和間接引語當(dāng)我們引用別人的話吋，我們可以用別人的原話，也可以用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來。當(dāng)直接引用的句子為不同類型時，間接引用的句式變化很當(dāng)我們引用別人說話時，若引用的是原話，被引用的部分做直接引語。當(dāng)我們要引用別人的話語時，可以用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來，被引用的

10、部分做間接引語。直接引語間接引語she said,u i like english very muchshe said she liked english very muchmike asked," when will our plane land ?'(1) 只須將原話放在引號之中，不做任何動(2) 沒有時態(tài)呼的問題(:(3) 引用原話前可以用，匚也可以用：代(3(4) 原話的末尾，按其類別放一個句號或號mik6 asketj vvitsn tnerr pisnwoutu ianu .1) 不要逗號、冒號、引號。2) 要考慮到稱的變化。)要考慮到態(tài)的變化。(4)要考慮副間狀

11、語、地點(diǎn)狀語和拒伺的變化。等。he said,t ' m sleep.yhs said that he was sleepy.she said,“your younger brother broke it”she said that my younger brother had broken it”he said/' i have lived in beijing since 1950he said that he had lived in beijing since 195013 賓語從句賓語從句在復(fù)合句中做主句的賓語。連接賓語從句的有從屬連詞連接衢瑚卿罷詞這第2m 23頁三

12、類詞在句中的功能各異，請看耒注率 賓語從句中的語序詞類在句中的功能舉例中文軽例乍i從屬連詞that在句中不擔(dān)任成分，可省that一般不relieve th<at this house is for sale.略。whether , if在句中也 不擔(dān)任成whether是否we don'tknow if / whether our teaches will連接代詞分，但都不能省略。除了在句中起連接作用外，還 從句中擔(dān)任成分，做主語、賓 語、定語。if是否attend the-class meeting.wrto® i know wro ulu u io yuou ueec

13、l|_jwhom誰（賓格）whose誰的（所有格）連接副詞除了在句中起連接作用外，b 從句中擔(dān)任成分，做狀語。what什么，所.的you must takewhat vou said.which哪個he asked iriawhich shirt i liked best.when什么時imant to know when the planeuwill take off.where什么地方he asked me where he would arrivehow 怎樣，如何 please tell me how i can get therewhy為什么， 的原 our teacher aske

14、d me why i was late.因，之所以saysxs wesson 10 鬻爲(wèi)knowsheneeds .hopeswants is afraidcan is sorrymust is surewill . 1 .tiredwhat does he say?he says he feels tired2. thirstywhat do they say?they say they are thirsty.3. a headachewhafs the matter with her?she says she *s got a headache.4. an earachewhafs th

15、e matter with her?she says she has an earache5. a lice neewhat does she need?she says she n eeds a lice nee.6. some moneywhat do they want?they say they want some money.7. catchwhat must he do ?he says he must catch the bus.8. repairwhat can he do?he says he can repair this bus9. sellwhat will he do

16、?he says he will sell the houselesson 1031 .how was the exam,richard?這句話還可以這槐how did the exam go?rpriti2. not too bad. 不算太壞pretty good還不錨etty3think i passed in english and mathematics我想我的英語和數(shù)學(xué)及格了。如果說通過某一個考試,用動pass；如果說通過某一科目，則用 pass in。fail不及格pass / fail the english paper / test / exam4. paper這個詞當(dāng)“試卷

17、”講時，是可數(shù)名詞。the english and maths papers ,英文和數(shù)學(xué)卷子。paper當(dāng)“抵”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞。a piece of paper.paper 還可以當(dāng)“論文”講。have you finished your paper ?5 .how about？ 怎么樣相當(dāng)于我們前面學(xué)過的what about. . . ?用于征求他人意見或詢問滝what about you?how about going to france for our next holiday?6 .easy enough for me,是指對我來說不難，我可以完成和通過。 而too diffic

18、ult for me是指對我來說太難了，無法完成和通過?！癴or”對于某人來說。the house isnfor us.形容詞+enough to do sth. 十分（足夠）she's olednough to make her own decisionshe is rich eno ugh to buy a plane enough如果修飾形容詞或副詞，它必須放在形容詞或副詞的后面，例如而例。enough還可以做形容詞來修飾名詞，則放在名詞的前面、后面郁以。i have money e no ugh to buy a dictio nary.i haven7. but i coul

19、dn' t answer the rest.the rest of the queations.8. they were too difficult for metoo 過于too+for sb / sth +to do 對于某人（某物）來說，太 以至不能 this pair of shoes are too small for me the question is too difficult us to answer .too +形容詞/副詞+ to do 太，（以至于）不能（做）he is too young to go to school .9. french tests are

20、 awful,aren' t they?awful可以形容人或物，表示“很可怕：'很糟糕：'很討厭hate在口語中常用來表示非常強(qiáng)烈的語骯i hate them.i hate traffic jams.我很討壤i hate telling lies.我討扌10'm surb ive god low mark. a high mark i ' m surel ve donebadly / well.11.cheer up,振作起來?？梢杂脕砉膭钅愕耐瑢W(xué)、朋友或同事等。12perhaps we didntoo badly那么糟糕。13.the guy nex

21、t to me wrote his name at the top of the paper. guy 口語中常用，相當(dāng)于person。the person beside meat the top of 在頂端、在上方at the bottom of 在末端、在底端14文中的yes?相當(dāng)于and then? 意思是：然后呢？然后怎么了？15.then he sat there and looked at it for three hours for three hours 連續(xù)三個力、時。16 本課基本句型i could answer the questionsthey were very e

22、asy.i couldn ' answer the questions.they were too difficult.the question were easy eno ugh for me to an swer.the question were too difficult for me to answer. 17 名詞例詞(1) 名詞的種類分類專有指人、地方、團(tuán)體、機(jī)表示人名名詞構(gòu)等特有的名稱。它的 第一個字母必須大寫。專有名詞前一般不加冠詞cli bai李白lu xun 魯迅mr. dick迪克先/chairman hu 胡主席普通名詞指一類人或東西或一個 抽象的名稱。的專有

23、可數(shù) 名詞名詞個休名詞china 中 國 chang an street k：安街1 london 倫敦 zhong shan park 中山公園 the united states of america 美國頤和園student teacher集合名詞the summer palace表示某類人或事物中的個體表示若干個體組成的carfamilyteampandapolice armycrowdgroup不可 數(shù)名 詞抽象名詞表不動作、狀態(tài)、品 質(zhì)、感情等抽象的la 念犬示無法分為個體的 物質(zhì)或?qū)嵨飌eoplemusic cold lovepower （威力）restrain wood(2)

24、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如果我們要表示一本書，一只鳥，一棵樹等概念時，要用名詞的單數(shù)形式。表示名詞的單數(shù)，要在名 詞前加不定冠詞a或an。例如i： a bird an eggthis is a desk.there is an orange on the table.a和an £彳吏用區(qū)別以輔咅開頭的名詞前a bookpennew oranqean以元音開頭的名詞前an applean old desk an orange(3) 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞h則變化1在一般情況下，詞尾后加 -s在清輔音后讀sbookbookscupcups在濁輔音和元音后讀zbedbeds其它boys horses pages

25、2以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的詞， 加-es,讀作izbus buses box boxesdish dishes watch watches 3以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，先將f 或fe變成v,再加-es,讀作vzhalf halves wife wives4以o結(jié)尾的詞，詞尾加 es或s,都讀zhero heroespotato potatoestomato tomatoeszoo zoospiano pianos photo photos 5以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞， 先將y改為i再加es,讀izcity cities family families!6以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞， 直接加s,讀zday

26、 daysboy boys7以th結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加 s也讀,加上$讀 th讀,加上$讀mouth mouths path pathsmonth month不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化例詞1元音發(fā)生變化man me nwoma nwome nfoot feet tooth teeth mouse micegoose geese 2詞尾發(fā)生變化child children3單、復(fù)數(shù)形式不變fish sheep deer chin ese japa nese4有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式clothes 衣服trousers 褲子 glasses 眼睛等 your trousers are over there合成

27、名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時變化例詞1把第一個或最后一個詞變 成復(fù)數(shù)highway highways girl friend son-in-law sons-in-law 女婿girl friends2把構(gòu)成合成名詞的兩個詞 都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)man doctor men doctorswoman teacher women teachers(4)名詞的用法名詞在句中可以擔(dān)任除謂語外的任何成分，即主語、表語、賓語、狀語、賓補(bǔ)、定語等例句說明1china is a great country.名詞作主語2i ' m a student.名詞作表語3all of us love peace.名詞作動詞賓語4t

28、hey are listening to music.名詞作介詞賓語5you should study english step by step名詞作狀語6the party lasted two hours名詞作狀語7our school named our class lei feng class.名詞作賓補(bǔ)8this is our teachers' office.名詞所有格作定語9ten minutes ' walk isn ' t long.名詞所有格作定語lesson 104i could answer the questions.they were ver

29、y easy.i couldn't answer the questions.they were too difficult.the questions were easy enough for me to answer. the questions were too difficult for me to answer1. cleveranswer all the questions could he answer all the questions?yes, he couldhe was clever eno ugh to an swer them.2. stupid answer

30、 all the questionscould he answer all the questions?no, he couldn' t.he was too stupid to answer them.3. cheapbuy the carwhy could he buy the car?because it was very cheap.4. expensive buy the carwhy couldn ' he buy the car?because it was too expensive5oud hear the stereowhy could they hear

31、the stereo?because it was very loud6owhear the stereowhy couldn j thtey hear the stereo?because it was too low.7. sweeteat the orangecould she eat the orange?yes,she couldit was sweet enough for her to eat.8. sour eat the orangecould she eat the orange?no, she couldn' t.it was too sour for her t

32、o eat.less on 105spell spelt spelt want her.i want to see / speak to her.2.do you want to speak to her?在這句話中，to speak是動詞want的賓語，而這結(jié)構(gòu)一動詞原形前在英文中被稱劾詞不定式。本課用動詞不定式作賓語的例句還有：1 want her to come to my office ；tell her to come at once；did you want to see me；1 want you to type it again 等。3.want的三種用法:want sb. /

33、 sth.i want her.want to do sth.do you want to speak to her?want sb. to do sth.i want her to come to my office.4.tell her to come at once.tell sb. to do sth.它的否定式是：tell sb. （not） to do sth.5. can you tell me?完整意思是： can you tell me how to spell 'intelligent '?6. full of 充前了 othis letter full o

34、fe mistakes.the room is full of smoke.her eyes were full of tears.7'm sorry about that. be sorry about sth.sorry后而還可以跟從句。例如:rrmiyi mmde so many mistakes.8 .and here's a little present for you 。這軸d表示承上啟下，使上下文緊密聯(lián)系，彗是因此”講。既可以修飾數(shù)名詞，也 可以修飾可數(shù)名詞。主 要用于肯定句中。lot ofts ofplenty ofch 可數(shù)名詞之前 ”孑否定句或疑問句申man

35、y不可數(shù)名詞之前丿9.many,much,a few, few, a little,little 發(fā)辛析:many （多數(shù)）只能和復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞垠at the party 1 didnhntakmyo/deople.much （多量）只能和不可數(shù)名詞題how much money do you have?a few （肯定） few（否定）用于可數(shù)名詞but we have a few small differences,too.（有區(qū)別）we have few differences（沒區(qū)別）alittle （肯定）little （否定）用于不可數(shù)名詞they were all very bi

36、g and strong , and we felt a little afraid of them. although they were all very big and strong ,we felt little afraid of them.例如i： we have n't gotmuch tea or coffte.we haven ' t gntany tomatoeswe have got a lot of potatoes10.1 hope it tl help you.如果指出有所幫助的具體方面，我們可以用“with”這個詞。i hope itii hei/

37、vyiothu your spelling.i often help my mum with the cleaning."動詞不定式基本句型 基本句型 基本句型 基本句型1: i want to go.2： he wants to go.3： i wanted to go.4： they were asked to go.（他們被要求去）基本1是動詞不定式的典型用法，它有兩個表示動作的詞語：一個是want,另外一個是togoowant是這個句子的主要動詞，它會隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)而變化。to go不管主語的數(shù)、人稱和時態(tài)如何變化，它抵+動詞原”的形式，to go就是不定 式。在基

38、本2、3、4中，主語、時態(tài)、語態(tài)有變化，但定式to go不受影響，呈:無變化。動詞不定式的基本形式是 “to+動詞原”，有時可以不搭。動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能做謂語；國以裡除謂語外的任何 主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語和賓語綿動詞不定式可以在句中扭 名詞、形容詞、副 的作用。動詞不定式仍保留動詞的特點(diǎn)，即它可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動詞不定式和它的賓語或狀語磁不定式短語。例如:l_wantto readthebook.（我想讀這本書）主語謂語不定式read的賓語hewantsto speakat the meeting.（他想在會議上發(fā)言）主語謂語不定式speak的狀語不定式前的

39、to與做介詞to的區(qū)別：不定式前而的to （也稱作小品詞）和做介詞的to是有差別的。介詞to之后要跟 名詞、代詞的賓格或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞短語 做它的賓語。而不定式to之后要跟 動詞原owant to read（不定式的小品詞）to read the book.（不定式的小品詞）listen to me. （介詞 to）12 本課基本句型動詞不定式i want you / him / her / them to tell him / her/them to i want her to come to my office tell her to come to my office.i don/t w

40、ant you / him / her / them to tell him / her/them not to i don ' t want hteortype this letter again.tell her not to type this letter again.less on 106 i want you / him / her / them totell him / her / them tocarry itwhat do you want me to do?i want you to carry it.2.correct itwhat do you want me

41、to do?i want you to correct it.3.listen to itwhy is the boy putting a record on?because hewants them to listen to it.4. move itthe policeman is talking to the man and the woman.he5 s tellingthem to move it.5. try itthe woman is taking a cake to the man.she is telling him to try it.6. keep itwhat doe

42、s the man tell the woman?he tells her to keep it.7. hurt yourselfwhat did she tell him?she told him not to hurt himself.8. fallwhat did she tell him?she told him not to fall.9. break itwhat did she tell him?she told him not to break it.10. cut yourselfwhat did she tell him?she told him not to cut yo

43、urself.lesson 107 it js too small1do you like this dress ,madam?madam,是對婦女的一種尊稱，服務(wù)行業(yè)的人員常用此稱呼iw，對于不知姓名的女士也可以用此來表示尊重。這個單詞也可狒ma'am .2.in fashion 流行的short skirts are in fashion now.they were in fashion last year.these shoes arein fashion now.3.would you like to try it?try it ontry在本句中的意思是“試穿我們述可以用“t

44、ry on”來表不“試穿 代詞放在on的前面try on the dress名詞放在on的后而4. would you like 你愿意刪來表示委婉的請求或提議would you like to go swimming?would you like a glass of water?（后面還可以跟一個名詞性的詞組5.i ' m afraid this green dress is too small for me as well, as well = tootoo small for me 對我來說太小了6 .it's smaller than the blue one.它比那

45、套藍(lán)色的小一些。(1)i think the blue dress is prettier .構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級一般單音詞繾部分fast雙音詞組在詞尾加-er（比較級）和est 1級）快adj.& advfastcr(the：fastestgreat 巨大的asj：greaterthe greatestnear附血的adjrsradv:tall高的adinearertauerreareslthe tallest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音和少數(shù)以le結(jié)尾的e母卄丹円目-hrt,/ lpable 有能力的adj.ablerthe ablestinrge ahjadj.largerlarge

46、stxxrm 杲仕訶屋那 -r etc較級）和-st （最高級）"輔音字母”結(jié)尾的busylate 晚的adj& adv.later(the) latestnice 好的adj.nicerthe nicest忙的adj.busit)rthe 1:busiest在英文中，我們把一個人或物與另一個人或物進(jìn)行比較時，就要用形容詞的比較級。雙音詞，將詞尾的yadj.& adv. earlier adj.easier(the) earliest the easiestearly 早 改詢再加-er和est. easy容易的第13m 23頁重讀閉音節(jié)詞，只以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾時，要

47、雙寫該輔音字母，再加£和duj.uiyytjrth & biggesthot熱的adj.hotterthe hottestest.部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more和thethin細(xì)、瘦adj.thinnerthe thinnestoeauiitui 淙兄h、jaaj.more beautifulthe most beautifulimportant重要的adi.more importantthe most importantmost構(gòu)成比較級和最高quickly快丄日adv.more quicky(the) most quicklysiowiyadv.more slow

48、l7"(the) most slowly(2)不規(guī)則變化比較級-取髙級good 好的adj.better (the) best well好的adj. & adv.bad壞的adj.worse (the) worst ill病的adj.badly 壞adv.many 多adj. & adv.more (the) most much 多adj &adv.far遠(yuǎn)adj.& adv.farther (the) farthest further (the) furthest littleadj.& adv.less (the)least old老的ad

49、j.older the oldest elder the eldest late 遲的，晩的 adj.later the latest latter the last 7.1 don ' t like the coloeuitrher. either 用在否定句中，表示 “也”。i don ' t like the colouars well either與too的用法比較：too般用于肯定句，通常放在句末，前面有逗號，否定句中用either.you are a student. i am a student,too.you aren ' t a teacher. i

50、am not a teacher,either.his elder sister studies english.1 study it,too.he doesn ' t like swimmingdon' t like it,either.8t doesn su it tme at all.suit “適合”，at all用在否定句中，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。the color doesn go' altong with / fit you. go along with / fit 意思和 suit 相同the job suits him.9. could you show me a

51、nother blue dress?could you？用在表示請求，比 can you.？更婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣。例：could you tell me the way to the post office?請你告訴我去郵局怎么走好嗎？could you pass me that book?第14頁共23頁10want a dress like that one 和那件一樣的衣服11.but it must be my size.the large size 大號the small size 小號12 .this is the largest dress in the shop.這是店里最大的一件衣服。

52、句中使用了形容詞的最高級，它是在形容詞原級后面加上-est,在最高級形容詞之前要加定冠詞最高級用在將一個人或物與其他一個以上的人或物作比較時。the。13 本課基本句型the blue dress is small the green dress issmaller than the blue onethe green dress isthe smallest dress in the shop. of them all.i ? ve ever seen.都限制了一定的范圍less on 108 how do they compare?1. talltaller tallestsophie is tall paul is taller than sophie.hans is the tallest students in our class2. hot hotter hottestit is hot tod a y.it was hotter yesterday.the day before yester