國內(nèi)設計院暖通設計流程及方法淺談

1、國內(nèi)設計院暖通設計流程及方法淺談discussi on on hvac design process and method in domes tic design institutesas one of the 3 major specialties of mechanical and electrical equipment, hvac major plays an important and indispensable role in civil and industrial buildings generally speaking, hvac will be subdivided int

2、o several directions: heating, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, dust removal and boilersin our daily life, the most contact is ventilation and air conditioning in these two directions, the northern region also heating and heating below we take air conditioning this direction as an example, ta

3、lk about the current general in accordanee with what kind of process to design.1 the 3 stages of hvac designa new project, in the domestic design institute, the design will generally have 3 stages, namely the program phase, the preliminary design stage and the construction drawing stage1. 1 scheme s

4、tagethe phase of the program, typically in buildings, hvac sometimes don't have to do this, some large civil or in dustrial projects, hvac also just do some simple text, say something to do that in the future, which mainly adopts the technical means, the basic is very simple 1.2 preliminary desi

5、gn phase in the preliminary design stage, hvac design in addition to the text, but also need to draw some drawings, so that others should have a preliminary understanding of the project to do. for example, an office building, for example, how do we complete the preliminary design of the hvac project

6、? first of all, to understand the will to do the project location, nature, grade and other relevant circumstances, if the building in the north, then to be understood in this city in winter is the use of the central heating system is independent of the boiler room heating? is this building a high-gr

7、ade office building? how about the positioning of the building by the owner? do you prefer split air conditioning or central air conditioning? is the use of heating or centralized central air-conditioning system in winter? does the facade of architecture require? such problems are to be considered b

8、efore the design, we need to communicate with the owners, communicate with the relevant government departments, and communicate with the relevant design professionalafter a lot of understanding and determination, you can start designing a high-grade office building, if the nature of a single, below

9、100m, what design should be done? first of all, there，s a lot in mind generally speaking, there should be several aspects of the design to do:(1) the central air conditioning system of the building the general office building by air fan coil system, now some building adopts all air system of vav, an

10、d the concentration of the floor and the air blower, according to the actual situation, to establish a system of the form the main engine is air-cooled or water-cooled, which is the compression mode of the refrigerator, according to the requirements, choose one; water system supervisor how to arrang

11、e: water pump, refrigerator how to control the operation, etc(2) the fire ventilation system of the building a building like this, many people need to consider when the fire escape, according to the relevant regulations of design, consider whether or not to escape the need to set up a closed stairca

12、se pressurization system, fire control room need to set pressurized air supply system? is it necessary to set up a mechanical smoke exhaust system for the walkway? how to ventilation in the bathroom? does the building have underground parking lot, how to ventilation and mechanical smoke exhaust? whe

13、ther there is kitchen, how to smoke fumes? according to the actual situation to determine when you know what you want to do, you can do the following:1) . (the building air conditioning load calculation and the preliminary design stage, can be used to estimate the area index), calculation of pressur

14、ized air supply, calculation of mechanical exhaust smoke volume, ventilation and fire smoke volume calculation of underground garage, ventilation volume calculation of substation, calculation of auxiliary ventilation room, bathroom ventilation calculation and so on.2) . the layout of the system, acc

15、ording to the calculation of equipment selection, provided information to the professional; system layout here refers to the design of the main system, according to the system arrangement, should provide the location and size of your room to architecture, location and size of tube wall, the hole loc

16、ation dnd size, location and size of holes through the floor, etc.;the weight and location of the equipment, the size and location of the hole through the floor, and so on, are provided to the structural specialty to the electrical professional machinery and equipment power consumption, the main con

17、trol requirements, etc. ; to the drainage professional to provide your machine dra in age point and water point, and so on. at the same time, accept the professional information provided by other majors and according to the collection of professional, adjust your design plan.(3) text arrangement the

18、 equipment layout, the water system principle diagram, the layout plan of the main system, the main air supply and exhaust plan, the fire smoke plan, the equipment list, the preliminary design instructions and so on. in this way, a complete preliminary design is basically completed, and then through

19、 other hvac designers proofreading, auditing, validation, and ultimately can sign out the map1.3 construction drawing stageconstruction drawing is the basis of engineering project implementation, it is completed on the basis of preliminary design. in general, if there is no big change, basically is

20、formed according to the preliminary design ideas for deepening design; if the situation changes, such as a big adjustment for construction scheme, the actual situation and the preliminary design is not the same, the owners require new changes, so the hvac design is the need to reconsider in the same

21、 way, we take the high office building as an example to continue its construction drawing design the content of the design has not changed, but it is still central air conditioning design, ventilation and fire smoke design, design and construction instructions, and so on.first of all, the calculatio

22、n includes the calculation of cold and hot load of air conditioning, the calculation of ventilation volume and smoke exhaust volume, the selection and calculation of equipment, etc at this stage, according to the national requirements of air conditioning cooling and heating load calculation, the hou

23、rly load calculation method, the cooling load coefficient method and harmonic method 2, one can use, air conditioning load calculation is very complex and difficult, there are a lot of load calculation software is now more convenient to use; ventilation and smoke exhaust volume is in accordance with

24、 relevant laws and regulations promulgated by the state or is required to provide some of the design manual calculation; equipment selection calculation is carried out in the system is determined after, including the selection of fan, air conditioning equipment choice, the choice of pump, frozen hos

25、t selection.after the basic parameters and equipment selection, you can design the system, and draw the stage of drawing the construction drawing design is much deeper than the preliminary design stage, and the depth requirement of the drawing is that the construction unit gets the drawing and can c

26、arry out the actual constructio n. so what kind of dep th do you need? in the office building, required drawing drawings are: air conditioning and ventilation plan on each floor, each floor of fire smoke and air conditioning plan, each floor level map, freezer room layout, each floor air conditionin

27、g room drawing, air conditioning, ventilation and smoke exhaust system, air conditioning water system principle diagram, diagram of water system of refrigerator freezer room and room, air conditioning room section, auxiliary equipment detail, control principle diagram, design and construction of the

28、 total description, equipment and materials, installation schedules etc in the drawings, we want to express the general situation of this project, using what kind of air conditioning system, ventilation system, fire control system and control method, we how to arrange the air pipe, water pipe direct

29、ion, elevation, diameter, we choose what kind of equipment, these devices are how emissions, how to become a contact system that is how this system works, we show that every function room needs cold calories, how much need air supply, the anti-corrosion insulation material to the isolation, silencing what forms etc.in addition to these drawings, we should refer to the national and industry standards atlas in the construction, to refer to what countries design and acceptance norms, these also need to make clear in doing these work, also need each professional mutu