現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型用法及例句

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞have/has +過去分詞He has worked.He has not (hasn't )worked .Has he worked ?Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.例:肯定句 I have worked.否定句 I have not (haven't ) worked.疑問句 Have you worked ?回答 Yes, I have. / No , I haven't .二.功能及意義1.表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響.但沒有具體的過去時(shí)間修飾。常 由下歹0副詞修飾： ever曾經(jīng)，never從

2、不， already已經(jīng)，yet還（未），（yet 只用在否定句和疑問句中），just剛剛，recently, lately近來，so far迄今為 止=until now, up to now, before 以前例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall?（爾曾經(jīng)去過長(zhǎng)城嗎？I have never heard of such a man£從沒有聽說過那個(gè)人。We have just had lunch我們剛剛吃過午飯I have already returned your money® 已經(jīng)才巴錢還給你了。I haven't

3、found my book yet.（否）我還沒有找到筆記本Have you done your homework yet?（疑） 你做作業(yè)了嗎？Have you heard from him recently ?你最近收到他的來信了嗎？So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.今為止 還沒有人彳U夸昔誤I have never traveled by plane before我以前從來沒有乘飛機(jī)旅行過2表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在剛剛結(jié)束或者仍在繼續(xù)。常常與 下列時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：t for + 一段時(shí)間I have learned Englis

4、hfor 8 yearst since +過去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)I have learned English since 2001t since + 一段時(shí)間 + agoI have learned English since 8 years agot since +時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句I have learned English since I was 5 years oldt in the past/last + 時(shí)間段We have had two English exams in the past two month誑兩個(gè)月來我們進(jìn)行了 2 次 英語(yǔ)考試Great changes

5、have taken place in my hometown in the past ten yearffi 十年來我的 家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中, 與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)應(yīng)注意句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可和一段時(shí)間連用。我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)八年了。誤 ：I have left this school for eight years （為他借用我的詞典已經(jīng)兩天了誤： He has borrowed my dictionary for two days （ X）非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)，可做相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化因此中例句正確形式分別為我離開這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)八

6、年了。正 ：I have been away from this school for eight years（ J他借用我的詞典已經(jīng)兩天了正： He has kept my dictionary for two days （5其它非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段連用時(shí)的變形buythavefall asleep be asleep begin be onjoint be in 或 be a member of come/arrive be in marry t be marriedborrow t keep, leave be awaydie t be dead,return be backget up

7、 t be up,catch a cold have a cold在否定句中短暫性動(dòng)詞可與段時(shí)間連用I haven't gone to see him for several months 我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒有去看他了）I haven't bought anything for two months四區(qū)分have been to砒點(diǎn)；表示去過某個(gè)地方（已經(jīng)回來），常與ever, never幾次, 等連用have gone to馳點(diǎn)：表示到地方去了（還沒回來）have been訥勉點(diǎn)：表示到了某個(gè)地方（多久了），常與for +段時(shí)間連用比較：He has been to China

8、 twice曾經(jīng)去過，現(xiàn)在不在中國(guó)）He has gone to China他到中國(guó)去了 .（他可能已在去中國(guó)的路上，或已到 中國(guó)，總之，現(xiàn)在不在這里）He has been in China for two years他到中國(guó)已經(jīng)兩年了）五 對(duì)完成時(shí)的提問用 how long.?不能用 when. ?六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用句型1 It is the first/second time.that.結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)It is the first time that I have visited the city這是我第一次參觀這座城市It is the third time that t

9、he boy has been late這是這個(gè)男生第三次遲到了2 This is the. that.結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)This is the best film that I 've （ever） seen這是我看過的最好的電影This is the first time that I've heard him sing這是我第一次聽他唱歌3 It is / It has been + 時(shí)間段 + since .It has been/ It's 5 years since we last met.自從上一次我們相遇到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是五年了It's / It has been 3 months since the man died! S人死去 3 個(gè)月 了4 一段時(shí)間+完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)+ since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Two years has passed since I came here.七 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用， 如yesterday last night, thre