高中生物 第7章 第2節(jié) 現(xiàn)代生物進(jìn)化理論的主要內(nèi)容課件 新人教版必修2 (91)

1、 說明文是以說明為主要表達(dá)方式，要求用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的語言來解說事物、闡明事理，從而給讀者提供知識(shí)的一種文體。近幾年高考說明文多數(shù)以圖表、表格或文字的形式給出提示，并往往融合在應(yīng)用文體中進(jìn)行考查，一般分為：場(chǎng)所路線介紹；事物介紹；方式、方法或計(jì)劃安排介紹三大類。寫說明文宜采用三段式： 第一段：主要介紹要說明的對(duì)象及說明的目的； 第二段：說明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步驟； 第三段：進(jìn)行總結(jié)概括。時(shí)態(tài)通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟： （1）仔細(xì)審題，明確說明對(duì)象，抓住要說明的事物或事理的主要特征。 （2）選擇合理的說明順序（時(shí)間順序、空間順序或邏輯順序）分層次進(jìn)行說明，注意條理清晰。 （

2、3）選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)恼f明方法，比如定義法、舉例法、比較法和細(xì)節(jié)描述法等，不要遺漏主要內(nèi)容。 （4）根據(jù)說明順序及內(nèi)容確定過渡詞和恰當(dāng)?shù)木湫徒Y(jié)構(gòu)。文字應(yīng)客觀、簡(jiǎn)潔、明了，不要追求華麗和加入太多個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。說明“方位”常用語：.is located at the foot of/by the side of., to the east of. In front of it is., with.on its left and.on its right.Turning to the left, you will see., behind which is.Walking past., the building

3、 that appears in front of you is.Along the road are lines of trees, from which students can findA walk around.is a feast for the mind as well as the eye.Opposite to the.stands.The door on your left leads you to. Next to the door against the wall there is a., On your left lies a., with all kinds of.i

4、n it.說明事物的“特點(diǎn)或優(yōu)勢(shì)”常用語：.is a new kind duced by., which is.Made of., it is light, small, and easy to carry. China is a large country with rich history and much population.It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather. .is provided for the convenience of customers/visito

5、rs. Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.說明做某事的 “具體方法”常用語：Nowadays it is common to use., but not knowing how to use.As is known to all, it is important to. With the development of., there is an increasing need for people to know how to.There are se

6、veral steps to follow./Here are some tips. The first thing to do is to.Although.is important, but without., all the efforts you have made will be in vain. To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is.If you can do what has been mentioned above, you can guarantee suc

7、cess. With the help of the above methods, you will achieve your goal soon. 根據(jù)以下圖畫，寫一篇英語短文，描述今昔通訊方式的變化，以及這些變化給人們生活帶來的影響。注意：不少于120詞；文章開頭已給出， 不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Great changes have taken place in the way people communicate with each other from a long distance. In the past， people wrote letters to exchange informat

8、ion with each other. Later on， they could talk with each other on the fixed telephone. Now more and more people use their own mobile phones to communicate and instead of writing on the paper they e-mail to each other on the computer. With the help of the 3G technology， some even can talk face to fac

9、e. As a result，people find it quicker and easier to communicate， but at the same time some people feel that they become poorer in writing， and the relationship between each other becomes not so close as before.行文邏輯：時(shí)間位移的對(duì)比In the pastLater onNow；連接詞的變化As a result，but，and等。詞匯短語：take place；communicate

10、with；in the past；exchange with；instead of；e-mail to；with the help of；talk face to face；as a result；at the same time等。句式句法：定語從句in the way people communicate with.；比較結(jié)構(gòu)more and more people./people find it quicker and easier to communicate./they become poorer in writing.等。假設(shè)你是李明，你發(fā)現(xiàn)部分同學(xué)每次遇到重要考試，都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些焦

11、慮癥狀。請(qǐng)你用英語寫一封信，向某學(xué)生英文報(bào)編輯反映該問題。信的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括下列要點(diǎn)： 焦慮癥狀焦慮癥狀 建議建議 其他建議其他建議（考生自己擬定）（考生自己擬定）頭暈、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等1.考前制定好合適的復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃12.考試期間正常作息23.睡前洗熱水澡、喝熱牛奶等有助于睡眠注意：1.根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容寫一篇短文，不要逐句翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫;2.詞數(shù)：120詞左右；開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);3.參考詞匯：頭暈dizzy(adj.)。Dear editor,Im Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School. Im writing

12、 to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams. Dear editor, I am Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School. I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams. Most of us feel nervous whenever were taking an important exam. Some

13、 will feel dizzy or tired, some will suffer from lack of sleep, and some will lose their appetite. In fact, all these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams and we are all eager to get rid of them。 First of all, in my opinion, its important for us to have an appropriate attitude towards exams.

14、They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results. Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam. In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam. Therefore, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm